INTP Final

Which psychologist first described the hierarchy of five human needs?

Abraham Maslow

Men don't disclose personal feelings or vulnerabilities to their friends.

False

Women are more likely than men to use coercive tactics, both verbal and physical, to avoid discussing problems and to force their resolutions on others

False

An example of physiological noise is

Fatigue

Disagreement and conflict are strongly disapproved in many Asian cultures

True

All of these statements provide good advice for improving nonverbal comm except

Try to interpret a person's nonverbal comm independent of culture or setting

In the _____ stage of fam development, children learn to be less dependent on their families, which is essential to becoming a healthy adult

Encouraging independence

Each of the following are Japanese styles of business negotiation EXCEPT

Explicitly expressing disagreement

Reflected appraisal and direct definitions are important in shaping our self-concept in childhood, but do not affect us in adulthood

False

Researchers found that people who are highly anxious about attachments are less likely to have relationship problems in collectivist cultures

False

Stereotyping and totalizing are essentially the same process

False

When friendships deteriorate or suffer serious violations, communication changes in unpredictable ways

False

Feelings of closeness, connection & tenderness are associated with which dimension of love?

Intimacy

Concerning the typical life cycle of families with children, the fifth stage is usually:

Launching children

It is best to address conflict right away, even if one person is tired or you're in a public setting

False

Nonverbal comm does not reflect cultural values

False

Passion is the primary foundation for enduring romance.

False

Which type of non listening involves only for content and ignoring the relationship level of meaning

Literal listening

All of the following are external pressures to friendships except

Sexual attraction

Assertiveness and competitiveness are encouraged and considered good in the United States, so people in the US don't perceive it as unusual for people to compete

True

Mindfulness grows out of the decision to attend fully to another person

True

New acquaintances tend to rely on general scripts and stereotypes in their interactions

True

Nonverbal behaviors are generally more influential than verbal comm in establishing the relational level of meaning

True

Sexual orientation doesn't seem to be a major influence on how people see and deal with conflict.

True

The likelihood of sustaining a long-distance friendship depends in part on socioeconomic class

True

Both men and women appreciate metacommunication, but women tend to appreciate it more when there is no conflict to be resolved

True

People with high status and/or power tend to touch others and invade others' space more than do people with less power and/or status

True

Since American culture emphasizes technology and speed, most Americans expect things to happen very quickly

True

We use stereotypes to make predictions about people and situations

True

An example of psychological noise is

Being preoccupied with a problem

The ____ view of emotions points this model: stimulus > physiological response > emotion

Organismic

Kandoor has a hard time pronouncing some English words, because his first language is so different from English, Kandoor is having some problems with

Paralanguage

According to the book, all of the following is included in the nature of friendship except

Peer pressure

According to the perceptual view of emotions, what occurs first?

Perception of event

Cycle of abuse (explosion, remorse, honeymoon) contains all of the following except

Perspective

When communicating with a person with a disability, all of the following are generally guidelines except

Provide assistance without helping

Morgan is a teacher and wants to make sure that her students respect one another. She has a rule that is a student want to talk, then the student must raise his/her hand before speaking. This rule helps to

Regulate interaction

Nikki believes that she is lovable and that people are loving and can be trusted. Nikki has a ____ attachment style.

Secure

What does it mean for language to be ambiguous?

The meanings of words are not clear-cut

According to John Gottman, the "magic ratio" for a happy relationship is to have at least 5 pleasant interactions for every 1 unpleasant interaction

True

All facets of our identities, such as race, ethnicity, gender, and socioeconomic class, interact

True

Conflict is more than just having differences

True

As our symbols become increasing abstract, the potential for confusion decreases

False

Direct definitions are important because they boost, rather than impair, a child's self-esteem

False

Effective listening is easy, relaxing and requires little effort on the part of the listener

False

Expressing feelings is always advisable

False

Environmental factors such as architecture, room design, and color scheme affect how we feel and act

True

Failing to acknowledge another person's feelings or thoughts disconfirms him or her

True

Humans generally do not focus on higher (more abstract) needs until more basic needs are first met

True

In Korea, people are more likely than Westerners to perceive the ages of people with whom they communicate because age is an important aspect of identity in Korean culture

True

In the intensifying communication stage, romantic partners see one another as exciting and wonderful

True

The counterpoint to control is

problem orientation

A key foundation for improving your self-concept is:

Accepting the self as in process and able to change

According to research reports discussed in the book, the greatest influences on interpersonal attraction are

Attractiveness, proximity and similarity

Girls and women are expected to be caring, whereas boys and men are expected to be:

Both independent and self-assertive

Raul came to the United States from Mexico three months ago and he is still having trouble understanding Americans' tendency to rush all the time. He is also surprised when his teachers are irritated if he joins class a while after class has started. Raul's confusion about American pace of life is based on which aspect of nonverbal behavior?

Chronemics

Individuals who are more ___ are better able to integrate new information about others and situations

Cognitively complex

To build a lasting relationship with someone, we need something more durable than passion, we need _____

Commitment

Commitment is the determination to stay together despite trouble, disappointments, sporadic restlessness, and lulls in passion

True

As after taking cooking lessons, Thelma bakes a cake for her friend Louise's birthday. When Louise sees the cake, she says, "Wow, that's so sweet. My mom always made a special cake for my birthday, and she would decorate it so elaborately." Thelma replies, "Well I'm sorry that I didn't decorate the cake extravagantly. I guess I still have a lot to learn about cooking." Thelma's response illustrates

Defensive listening

"You are a very smart girl" Tammy tells her daughter. Tammy's statement is an example of a

Direct definition

The sense of touch is

Haptics

Jenema is walking in a mall and a homeless person approaches her and asks for money. Jenema keeps walking without speaking to or looking at the person. The relationship between Jenema and the homeless person is

I-it

Janet believes that nobody can win when conflict erupts. Her orientation to conflict is best described as:

Lose-lose

Assuming that we understand what another person things, feels, or perceives is known as

Mind reading

Which statement below is true of families?

More people are choosing to remain unmarried than ever before

Engaging in a dual perspective allows us to understand how someone else thinks and feels

True

Beginning in the late 1700s or early 1800s, most people in the US picked mates based on love and companionship

True

Commitment is a decision to remain in a relationship rather than a feeling

True

A majority of lesbian couples create more egalitarian relationships than do either heterosexuals or gay men

True

According to Goleman, people who have high emotional intelligence quotients (EQs) are more likely than people with lower EQs to create satisfying relationships, to be comfortable with themselves, and to work effectively with others

True

Ambushing is listening carefully for the purpose of attacking a speaker.

True

"One day I won't have to worry about being single, I'll be married" These statements illustrate how symbols allow for

hypothetical thought

While visiting her parents on a break from school, Deena doesn't pay attention to much of what they say, unless is benefits her (shopping). This is an example of ___, one form of nonlistening

selective listening

We are most likely to engage in emotion work when we

think what we're feeling is inappropriate

The counterpoint to neutrality is

Empathy

Couple satisfaction seems especially affected by equity in housework and childcare.

True

Nonverbal comm is arbitrary, ambiguous and abstract

True

Not surprisingly, people who engage in ambushing tend to arouse defensiveness in others

True

Of the man influences that shape relationships, four are particularly critical for building and sustaining satisfying personal relationships; investment, commitment, time, and comfort with relational dialectics

True

Online comm provides a contact for effectively monitoring our interactions with others

True

Feeling rules define the emotional meaning of situations

False

Men and boys are more likely to use social media as a venue for self development

False

The meanings we assign to behavior in romantic relationships are entirely individualistic

False

Counterpoint to evaluation

Description

Listening skills need to be modified according to the goals, situations, and people to whom we are listening. using different listening skills when listening for info and for relationship listening is known as

Adapting listening appropriately

Tabitha wants some time alone because she feels a need to get in touch with herself as an individual. However, her partner wants them to spend as much time together as possible. The tension in this example illustrates the ________ relational dialectic.​

Autonomy/connection

The five symbolic abilities describes in textbook are

Definition, evaluation, organization, hypothetical thought, self-reflection

Concerning the typical life cycle of families with children, the second stage is usually:

Enlarging a fam

During the ______stage, addition of children decreases the amount of couple time and changes the focus on a couple's communication

Enlarging a fam

The counterpoint to superiority is

Equality

Who were the first to use the term "White" to describe a racial group in the area that is not the United States?

Europeans when they colonized the US

A common form of cyberbullying is to spread rumors that a girl is a slut

False

If friends become sexually attracted to each other, it is best to end the friendship at that point.​

False

Many lesbians prioritize physical characteristics in their partners over personality

False

The transactional model recognizes that noise is absent throughout interpersonal comm

False

Morgan doesn't want to take chem because he knows he'll fail even before taking the course. In addition, he thinks if he takes it, he won't make any friends. He's suffering from which fallacy?

Fear of catastrophic expectations

All of the following are guidelines for improving perception and communication EXCEPT

Focus on inferences rather than facts

Which one of the following statements is true about violence and abuse in romantic relationships?

Many people do not report violence or abusive incidents

In an argument, Chandler calls Monica a name and hurt her feelings. He apologizes, however Monica is still hurt and says that no matter what Chandler says now he must have meant what he said. According to the comm principles, Chandler doesn't realize that

Interpersonal comm is irreversible

According to Albert Ellis, debilitating feelings are often caused by

Irrational beliefs

Lawrence is having trouble listening effectively in his advanced philosophy course. Usually he listens well in class, but the professor in this case is so full of information and he presents such complicated ideas that Lawrence has difficulty following and retaining the lectures. Lawrence is experiencing a listening obstacle known as

Message complexity

As a rule, women assume most of the ___ which involves remembering, planning, and scheduling family life

Psychological responsibility

Although words dont mean exactly the same thing to everyone, within a culture many symbols have an agreed-upon range of meanings.

True

Diverse cultural backgrounds may create misunderstandings that strain friendships

True

Languages can change culture by naming things in ways that alter understandings

True

Our perceptions are always partial and subjective

True

Passive aggression involves acting aggressively while denying feeling or acting aggressive

True

People show communication rules even when we are not consciously aware of them

True

Recent research shows that we can override the draw of noisy or novel stimuli

True

Term conformity orientation refers to the extent to which family members are expected to share the same beliefs

True

The I and ME aspects of self are opposing forces

True

The majority of Mediterranean cultures regard lively conflict as normal, valuable part of everyday life.

True

We respond differently to the same phenomenon depending on the meaning we attribute to it

True

When people become friends, the touchstone of that stage is the assumption of continuity

True

In general, masculine-gender speech communities follow this communication rule

Use talk to accomplish practical goals

Which statement about social media and expressing emotions is correct?

We are likely to communicate inappropriate feelings when we are anonymous online

Which of the following is a personal construct

how a friend measures up on the dimension of intelligent-unintelligent

As the meeting stretches to three hours, Julie starts to experience a listening obstacle that involves fatigue, hunger, and having trouble summoning the energy needed to listen closely. This is an example of ____.

lack of effort

Zach believes that in conflict situations the goal is to find a solution that all those involved can accept. Zach's orientation to conflict is best described as:

win-win