INTP Final
Which psychologist first described the hierarchy of five human needs?
Abraham Maslow
Men don't disclose personal feelings or vulnerabilities to their friends.
False
Women are more likely than men to use coercive tactics, both verbal and physical, to avoid discussing problems and to force their resolutions on others
False
An example of physiological noise is
Fatigue
Disagreement and conflict are strongly disapproved in many Asian cultures
True
All of these statements provide good advice for improving nonverbal comm except
Try to interpret a person's nonverbal comm independent of culture or setting
In the _____ stage of fam development, children learn to be less dependent on their families, which is essential to becoming a healthy adult
Encouraging independence
Each of the following are Japanese styles of business negotiation EXCEPT
Explicitly expressing disagreement
Reflected appraisal and direct definitions are important in shaping our self-concept in childhood, but do not affect us in adulthood
False
Researchers found that people who are highly anxious about attachments are less likely to have relationship problems in collectivist cultures
False
Stereotyping and totalizing are essentially the same process
False
When friendships deteriorate or suffer serious violations, communication changes in unpredictable ways
False
Feelings of closeness, connection & tenderness are associated with which dimension of love?
Intimacy
Concerning the typical life cycle of families with children, the fifth stage is usually:
Launching children
It is best to address conflict right away, even if one person is tired or you're in a public setting
False
Nonverbal comm does not reflect cultural values
False
Passion is the primary foundation for enduring romance.
False
Which type of non listening involves only for content and ignoring the relationship level of meaning
Literal listening
All of the following are external pressures to friendships except
Sexual attraction
Assertiveness and competitiveness are encouraged and considered good in the United States, so people in the US don't perceive it as unusual for people to compete
True
Mindfulness grows out of the decision to attend fully to another person
True
New acquaintances tend to rely on general scripts and stereotypes in their interactions
True
Nonverbal behaviors are generally more influential than verbal comm in establishing the relational level of meaning
True
Sexual orientation doesn't seem to be a major influence on how people see and deal with conflict.
True
The likelihood of sustaining a long-distance friendship depends in part on socioeconomic class
True
Both men and women appreciate metacommunication, but women tend to appreciate it more when there is no conflict to be resolved
True
People with high status and/or power tend to touch others and invade others' space more than do people with less power and/or status
True
Since American culture emphasizes technology and speed, most Americans expect things to happen very quickly
True
We use stereotypes to make predictions about people and situations
True
An example of psychological noise is
Being preoccupied with a problem
The ____ view of emotions points this model: stimulus > physiological response > emotion
Organismic
Kandoor has a hard time pronouncing some English words, because his first language is so different from English, Kandoor is having some problems with
Paralanguage
According to the book, all of the following is included in the nature of friendship except
Peer pressure
According to the perceptual view of emotions, what occurs first?
Perception of event
Cycle of abuse (explosion, remorse, honeymoon) contains all of the following except
Perspective
When communicating with a person with a disability, all of the following are generally guidelines except
Provide assistance without helping
Morgan is a teacher and wants to make sure that her students respect one another. She has a rule that is a student want to talk, then the student must raise his/her hand before speaking. This rule helps to
Regulate interaction
Nikki believes that she is lovable and that people are loving and can be trusted. Nikki has a ____ attachment style.
Secure
What does it mean for language to be ambiguous?
The meanings of words are not clear-cut
According to John Gottman, the "magic ratio" for a happy relationship is to have at least 5 pleasant interactions for every 1 unpleasant interaction
True
All facets of our identities, such as race, ethnicity, gender, and socioeconomic class, interact
True
Conflict is more than just having differences
True
As our symbols become increasing abstract, the potential for confusion decreases
False
Direct definitions are important because they boost, rather than impair, a child's self-esteem
False
Effective listening is easy, relaxing and requires little effort on the part of the listener
False
Expressing feelings is always advisable
False
Environmental factors such as architecture, room design, and color scheme affect how we feel and act
True
Failing to acknowledge another person's feelings or thoughts disconfirms him or her
True
Humans generally do not focus on higher (more abstract) needs until more basic needs are first met
True
In Korea, people are more likely than Westerners to perceive the ages of people with whom they communicate because age is an important aspect of identity in Korean culture
True
In the intensifying communication stage, romantic partners see one another as exciting and wonderful
True
The counterpoint to control is
problem orientation
A key foundation for improving your self-concept is:
Accepting the self as in process and able to change
According to research reports discussed in the book, the greatest influences on interpersonal attraction are
Attractiveness, proximity and similarity
Girls and women are expected to be caring, whereas boys and men are expected to be:
Both independent and self-assertive
Raul came to the United States from Mexico three months ago and he is still having trouble understanding Americans' tendency to rush all the time. He is also surprised when his teachers are irritated if he joins class a while after class has started. Raul's confusion about American pace of life is based on which aspect of nonverbal behavior?
Chronemics
Individuals who are more ___ are better able to integrate new information about others and situations
Cognitively complex
To build a lasting relationship with someone, we need something more durable than passion, we need _____
Commitment
Commitment is the determination to stay together despite trouble, disappointments, sporadic restlessness, and lulls in passion
True
As after taking cooking lessons, Thelma bakes a cake for her friend Louise's birthday. When Louise sees the cake, she says, "Wow, that's so sweet. My mom always made a special cake for my birthday, and she would decorate it so elaborately." Thelma replies, "Well I'm sorry that I didn't decorate the cake extravagantly. I guess I still have a lot to learn about cooking." Thelma's response illustrates
Defensive listening
"You are a very smart girl" Tammy tells her daughter. Tammy's statement is an example of a
Direct definition
The sense of touch is
Haptics
Jenema is walking in a mall and a homeless person approaches her and asks for money. Jenema keeps walking without speaking to or looking at the person. The relationship between Jenema and the homeless person is
I-it
Janet believes that nobody can win when conflict erupts. Her orientation to conflict is best described as:
Lose-lose
Assuming that we understand what another person things, feels, or perceives is known as
Mind reading
Which statement below is true of families?
More people are choosing to remain unmarried than ever before
Engaging in a dual perspective allows us to understand how someone else thinks and feels
True
Beginning in the late 1700s or early 1800s, most people in the US picked mates based on love and companionship
True
Commitment is a decision to remain in a relationship rather than a feeling
True
A majority of lesbian couples create more egalitarian relationships than do either heterosexuals or gay men
True
According to Goleman, people who have high emotional intelligence quotients (EQs) are more likely than people with lower EQs to create satisfying relationships, to be comfortable with themselves, and to work effectively with others
True
Ambushing is listening carefully for the purpose of attacking a speaker.
True
"One day I won't have to worry about being single, I'll be married" These statements illustrate how symbols allow for
hypothetical thought
While visiting her parents on a break from school, Deena doesn't pay attention to much of what they say, unless is benefits her (shopping). This is an example of ___, one form of nonlistening
selective listening
We are most likely to engage in emotion work when we
think what we're feeling is inappropriate
The counterpoint to neutrality is
Empathy
Couple satisfaction seems especially affected by equity in housework and childcare.
True
Nonverbal comm is arbitrary, ambiguous and abstract
True
Not surprisingly, people who engage in ambushing tend to arouse defensiveness in others
True
Of the man influences that shape relationships, four are particularly critical for building and sustaining satisfying personal relationships; investment, commitment, time, and comfort with relational dialectics
True
Online comm provides a contact for effectively monitoring our interactions with others
True
Feeling rules define the emotional meaning of situations
False
Men and boys are more likely to use social media as a venue for self development
False
The meanings we assign to behavior in romantic relationships are entirely individualistic
False
Counterpoint to evaluation
Description
Listening skills need to be modified according to the goals, situations, and people to whom we are listening. using different listening skills when listening for info and for relationship listening is known as
Adapting listening appropriately
Tabitha wants some time alone because she feels a need to get in touch with herself as an individual. However, her partner wants them to spend as much time together as possible. The tension in this example illustrates the ________ relational dialectic.
Autonomy/connection
The five symbolic abilities describes in textbook are
Definition, evaluation, organization, hypothetical thought, self-reflection
Concerning the typical life cycle of families with children, the second stage is usually:
Enlarging a fam
During the ______stage, addition of children decreases the amount of couple time and changes the focus on a couple's communication
Enlarging a fam
The counterpoint to superiority is
Equality
Who were the first to use the term "White" to describe a racial group in the area that is not the United States?
Europeans when they colonized the US
A common form of cyberbullying is to spread rumors that a girl is a slut
False
If friends become sexually attracted to each other, it is best to end the friendship at that point.
False
Many lesbians prioritize physical characteristics in their partners over personality
False
The transactional model recognizes that noise is absent throughout interpersonal comm
False
Morgan doesn't want to take chem because he knows he'll fail even before taking the course. In addition, he thinks if he takes it, he won't make any friends. He's suffering from which fallacy?
Fear of catastrophic expectations
All of the following are guidelines for improving perception and communication EXCEPT
Focus on inferences rather than facts
Which one of the following statements is true about violence and abuse in romantic relationships?
Many people do not report violence or abusive incidents
In an argument, Chandler calls Monica a name and hurt her feelings. He apologizes, however Monica is still hurt and says that no matter what Chandler says now he must have meant what he said. According to the comm principles, Chandler doesn't realize that
Interpersonal comm is irreversible
According to Albert Ellis, debilitating feelings are often caused by
Irrational beliefs
Lawrence is having trouble listening effectively in his advanced philosophy course. Usually he listens well in class, but the professor in this case is so full of information and he presents such complicated ideas that Lawrence has difficulty following and retaining the lectures. Lawrence is experiencing a listening obstacle known as
Message complexity
As a rule, women assume most of the ___ which involves remembering, planning, and scheduling family life
Psychological responsibility
Although words dont mean exactly the same thing to everyone, within a culture many symbols have an agreed-upon range of meanings.
True
Diverse cultural backgrounds may create misunderstandings that strain friendships
True
Languages can change culture by naming things in ways that alter understandings
True
Our perceptions are always partial and subjective
True
Passive aggression involves acting aggressively while denying feeling or acting aggressive
True
People show communication rules even when we are not consciously aware of them
True
Recent research shows that we can override the draw of noisy or novel stimuli
True
Term conformity orientation refers to the extent to which family members are expected to share the same beliefs
True
The I and ME aspects of self are opposing forces
True
The majority of Mediterranean cultures regard lively conflict as normal, valuable part of everyday life.
True
We respond differently to the same phenomenon depending on the meaning we attribute to it
True
When people become friends, the touchstone of that stage is the assumption of continuity
True
In general, masculine-gender speech communities follow this communication rule
Use talk to accomplish practical goals
Which statement about social media and expressing emotions is correct?
We are likely to communicate inappropriate feelings when we are anonymous online
Which of the following is a personal construct
how a friend measures up on the dimension of intelligent-unintelligent
As the meeting stretches to three hours, Julie starts to experience a listening obstacle that involves fatigue, hunger, and having trouble summoning the energy needed to listen closely. This is an example of ____.
lack of effort
Zach believes that in conflict situations the goal is to find a solution that all those involved can accept. Zach's orientation to conflict is best described as:
win-win