intro to criminal justice exam 1 review

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The National Crime Victimization Survey uses the NCVS-2 to determine _____________

characteristics of the criminal incident

what do informal social control measures seek to accomplish in society?

conformity and compliance

The Federal Bureau of Investigation collects data through the UCR Program.

true

The Summary Reporting System records counts of each type of crime committed.

true

The National Incident-Based Reporting System (NIBRS) was created to track information not previously collected, such as ______.

victim and person who is incarcerated characteristics of nonfatal crimes

____________ crimes do not directly affect another individual

victimless

Currently, the National Crime Victimization Survey only collects information of people age ______ and older.

12

The National Crime Survey (NCS) collected data on personal and property crime from ______.

a countrywide probability household sample

after a person is charged with a crime, what is the next step in the criminal justice process?

a judge informs the defendant of the charges

historically, the criminal offense of adultery was defined as sex between ____________

a married woman and a person other than her husband.

which offenses demonstrate how crimes can become decriminalized over time?

adultery

in the criminal justice system, which responsibility belongs to the courts?

applying the law

which media frame emphasizes environmental factors and circumstances that lead to crime?

blocked opportunities

what is the most common definition of crime?

breaking the law

Who actually collects the data for the National Crime Victimization Survey?

census bureau

The Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) Uniform Crime Reporting (UCR) Program breaks crimes up into Part I and Part II crimes. Part I crimes are ________________

common and dangerous crimes like murder, rape, and robbery

which component of the criminal justice system in the united states is the main reason for its enormous size?

corrections

the _________________ perspective holds the belief that if a punishment is weak criminals won't fear the punishment.

crime control

In 1965, a government review of the Uniform Crime Reporting (UCR) Program found four major limitations of the data collection effort, including that the data could not inform us about ___________

dark figure of crime

How are the National Crime Victimization Survey (NCVS) data collected?

data are collected by the ncvs via in-person and telephone surveys

In 1927, the International Association of Chiefs of Police created the Committee on Uniform Crime Records to ______.

develop a program to gather uniform crime statistics consistently across multiple jurisdictions

Which crime is a Group B crime, according to the National Incident-Based Reporting System (NIBRS)?

disorderly conduct

Which offense demonstrates how crimes can become increasingly criminalized over time?

driving under the influence

Which crime is a Group A crime, according to the National Incident-Based Reporting System (NIBRS)?

embezzlement

Differential association theory suggests that teachers are to blame for students who commit crime.

false

In incidents with multiple crimes, the hierarchy rule records only the first crime committed for statistical purposes.

false

Research findings indicate that individual fear of crime decreased following the 9/11 terror attacks.

false

The Global Terrorism Database collects data on threatened terrorist attacks.

false

The National Crime Victimization Survey records instances of crimes against businesses.

false

The Uniform Crime Reporting (UCR) Program effectively captures details of all criminal offenses.

false

acts of terrorism are defined as those committed by organizations sponsored by foreign governments.

false

by the end of 2016, the u.s. constitution system supervised approximately 1 million adults?

false

criminology and criminal justice are two different names for the same area of study?

false

cybercrimes are considered victimless because there is no physical contact

false

due process requires different treatment for different groups of people

false

media outlets actively avoid framing when they report on crime

false

the consensus model requires citizens to sign a social contract?

false

the courts are primarily responsible for housing and monitoring criminals

false

the legal definition of justifiable homicide has remained consistent since 1932?

false

the national incident based reporting system was created in response to the 1992 los angeles riots

false

the usa patriot act reflects the nonintervention perspective of criminal justice

false

traditionally, marijuana use wad considered mala in se

false

One of the major findings of research about fear and risk of victimization is that ______.

fear of victimization far outstrips actual risk of ebing victimized

Which government agency is responsible for maintaining the Uniform Crime Reporting (UCR) Program?

federal bureau of investigaation

The two organizations that collect crime data on a federal level are the Bureau of Justice Statistics and the __

federal bureau of investigation

the process of packaging criminal events into tidy presentations is called

framing

The National Crime Victimization Survey uses the NCVS-1 to

gather data from potential victims about an incident to determine whether there was a crime committed

When the U.S. government discontinued its Worldwide Incident Tracking System (WITS), the data were folded into the ____________

global terrorism database

One benefit of the traditional Summary Reporting System (SRS) is that it ______.

has been collecting data consistently for almost a hundred years

What do recidivism rates suggest about the crime control perspective?

high recidivism rates suggest that focusing on punishments is ineffective and inefficient

which theory examines the link between social roles stereotypes, and the self-fulfilling prophecy to explain criminality?

labeling/shaming

which three entities compose the criminal justice system?

law enforcement, courts, and corrections

In 1991, the National Crime Survey (NCS) changed its name to ______.

national crime victimization survey

the bureau of justice statistics provides funding from which data collection effort

national crime victimization survey

The biggest difference between the National Incident-Based Reporting System (NIBRS) and the Supplementary Reporting System (SRS) is that the ______.

nibrs distinguishes between attempted and completed crimes

a decision made by a grand jury indicates that insufficient evidence is present to proceed with the case is called a _________

no bill

The NCVS defines simple assault as ______.

no or minor injuries and no weapons used in the assault

If a person uses illegal drugs, will that crime be counted in the National Crime Victimization Survey (NCVS)?

no, data on victimless crimes are not collected by the ncvs

in 2009, the federal government ordered California to reduce the prison population. California voters passed proposition 47, which released certain people who are incarcerated from prison. People who are incarcerated convicted of which types of crime were released under proposition 47?

nonviolent drug crimes

Currently, the Uniform Crime Reporting (UCR) Program and Supplementary Research System (SRS) categorize cybercrimes as ______ crimes.

part II

which statement forms the central tenet of the rehabilitative perspective?

people commit crime because of blocked opportunities

defense attorneys cannot cross-examine sexual assault victims on past sexual behavior due to the protection from ________ laws

rape shield

According to the National Crime Victimization Survey (NCVS), the rarest type of nonfatal violent crime is ______.

rape/sexual assault

It is important to discover the root causes of crime in order to combat crime, make the criminal justice system more efficient, and ___________

reduce victimization

A non sampling error occurs within the National Crime Victimization Survey when people who are contacted for interview ______.

refuse to participate in the survey when reached

one of the stated grievances of the domestic terrorist group responsible for the Oklahoma City bombing in 1995 was their belief that the government was trying to ___________

restrict their rights to bear arms

In 2008, the National Research Council wanted to make the National Crime Victimization Survey more efficient by

reviewing the methodology used to conduct the survey

In 2012, a new standard for series victimization was implemented by the NCVS to gain a better estimate of crimes. What changed?

serious victimizations could be counted as up to 10 incidents

After the redesign of the NCS, the National Crime Victimization Survey (NCVS) began gathering data on ______.

sexual assault

The National Crime Victimization Survey collected data on the same crimes collected by the National Crime Survey but it added the collection of data on ______.

sexual assault

the most common form of nonfatal violent crime in the united states is___________

simple assault

narrow-casting occurs when _____

small homogenous audiences get biased information from niche media outlets

one of the biggest problems with the media's portrayal of the criminal justice system is the __________

spread of inaccurate views of crime and victimization

Men are more likely than women to be violently victimized by ___

strangers

murder, rape, and robbery are commonly categorized as which type of crime?

street

the national crime victimization survey primarily tracks which type of crime?

street

which additional report was created in the 1960s to augment the traditional summary reporting system (srs) by providing details on fatal crimes?

supplementary homicide reports

Which FBI data collection effort uses the hierarchy rule?

supplementary report system

a student of criminal justice studies the _________

system of police, courts, and corrections

which statement is part of the definition of terrorism?

targets of noncombatants

according to the conflict model, who has the power to define what is criminal

the elite

how does the usa freedom act differ from the usa patriot act?

the freedom act limited the ability of the nsa to track phone data on citizens.

which statement accurately describes the duty to retreat if an individual encounters a burglar in their home?

the homeowner must attempt to avoid conflict before confronting the burglar

when researchers discuss the primary crime multiplier, they are referring to the effect of the ________________ on fear of crime

the media

What is a limitation of the National Crime Victimization Survey?

the nature of its data collection does not allow crime estimates for states, countries, and cities

a criminologist would be most likely to study ________________

the nature, extent, and causes of criminal offending and criminal victimization

After implementation of the National Crime Victimization Survey (NCVS), researchers saw a significant rise in the number of crimes not reported to the police.

true

As of 2021, law enforcement agencies are expected to be NIBRS-compliant.

true

Larceny is the most common form of property crime, according to the National Crime Victimization Survey.

true

Making a victim whole again after a crime is the goal of restorative justice.

true

The Department of Justice compiles data for law enforcement to use in creating police policy.

true

The FBI uses data gathered via the Internet Crime Complaint Center (IC3) to analyze internet crimes.

true

criminology focuses on the behavioral aspects of crime and victims?

true

in nolle prosequi, prosecutors decide to drop charges

true

narrow-casting is the presentation of a small amount of information to small homogenous audiences

true

status offenses are crimes that are illegal if committed y a minor but are legal if committed by an adult

true

white-collar crimes often involve the manipulation of finances

true

Both the National Incident-Based Reporting System (NIBRS) and the traditional Summary Reporting System (SRS) collect information on _______________

types of crimes committed

Promoting policies that limit violence in movies, music, video games, and television aligns with the ______ frame.

violent media

in 1939, Edwin Sutherland described a type of crime as a "crime committed by a person of respectability and high social status in the course of his occupation." He was referring to ___________

white-collar crime


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