intro to criminal justice exam 1 review
The National Crime Victimization Survey uses the NCVS-2 to determine _____________
characteristics of the criminal incident
what do informal social control measures seek to accomplish in society?
conformity and compliance
The Federal Bureau of Investigation collects data through the UCR Program.
true
The Summary Reporting System records counts of each type of crime committed.
true
The National Incident-Based Reporting System (NIBRS) was created to track information not previously collected, such as ______.
victim and person who is incarcerated characteristics of nonfatal crimes
____________ crimes do not directly affect another individual
victimless
Currently, the National Crime Victimization Survey only collects information of people age ______ and older.
12
The National Crime Survey (NCS) collected data on personal and property crime from ______.
a countrywide probability household sample
after a person is charged with a crime, what is the next step in the criminal justice process?
a judge informs the defendant of the charges
historically, the criminal offense of adultery was defined as sex between ____________
a married woman and a person other than her husband.
which offenses demonstrate how crimes can become decriminalized over time?
adultery
in the criminal justice system, which responsibility belongs to the courts?
applying the law
which media frame emphasizes environmental factors and circumstances that lead to crime?
blocked opportunities
what is the most common definition of crime?
breaking the law
Who actually collects the data for the National Crime Victimization Survey?
census bureau
The Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) Uniform Crime Reporting (UCR) Program breaks crimes up into Part I and Part II crimes. Part I crimes are ________________
common and dangerous crimes like murder, rape, and robbery
which component of the criminal justice system in the united states is the main reason for its enormous size?
corrections
the _________________ perspective holds the belief that if a punishment is weak criminals won't fear the punishment.
crime control
In 1965, a government review of the Uniform Crime Reporting (UCR) Program found four major limitations of the data collection effort, including that the data could not inform us about ___________
dark figure of crime
How are the National Crime Victimization Survey (NCVS) data collected?
data are collected by the ncvs via in-person and telephone surveys
In 1927, the International Association of Chiefs of Police created the Committee on Uniform Crime Records to ______.
develop a program to gather uniform crime statistics consistently across multiple jurisdictions
Which crime is a Group B crime, according to the National Incident-Based Reporting System (NIBRS)?
disorderly conduct
Which offense demonstrates how crimes can become increasingly criminalized over time?
driving under the influence
Which crime is a Group A crime, according to the National Incident-Based Reporting System (NIBRS)?
embezzlement
Differential association theory suggests that teachers are to blame for students who commit crime.
false
In incidents with multiple crimes, the hierarchy rule records only the first crime committed for statistical purposes.
false
Research findings indicate that individual fear of crime decreased following the 9/11 terror attacks.
false
The Global Terrorism Database collects data on threatened terrorist attacks.
false
The National Crime Victimization Survey records instances of crimes against businesses.
false
The Uniform Crime Reporting (UCR) Program effectively captures details of all criminal offenses.
false
acts of terrorism are defined as those committed by organizations sponsored by foreign governments.
false
by the end of 2016, the u.s. constitution system supervised approximately 1 million adults?
false
criminology and criminal justice are two different names for the same area of study?
false
cybercrimes are considered victimless because there is no physical contact
false
due process requires different treatment for different groups of people
false
media outlets actively avoid framing when they report on crime
false
the consensus model requires citizens to sign a social contract?
false
the courts are primarily responsible for housing and monitoring criminals
false
the legal definition of justifiable homicide has remained consistent since 1932?
false
the national incident based reporting system was created in response to the 1992 los angeles riots
false
the usa patriot act reflects the nonintervention perspective of criminal justice
false
traditionally, marijuana use wad considered mala in se
false
One of the major findings of research about fear and risk of victimization is that ______.
fear of victimization far outstrips actual risk of ebing victimized
Which government agency is responsible for maintaining the Uniform Crime Reporting (UCR) Program?
federal bureau of investigaation
The two organizations that collect crime data on a federal level are the Bureau of Justice Statistics and the __
federal bureau of investigation
the process of packaging criminal events into tidy presentations is called
framing
The National Crime Victimization Survey uses the NCVS-1 to
gather data from potential victims about an incident to determine whether there was a crime committed
When the U.S. government discontinued its Worldwide Incident Tracking System (WITS), the data were folded into the ____________
global terrorism database
One benefit of the traditional Summary Reporting System (SRS) is that it ______.
has been collecting data consistently for almost a hundred years
What do recidivism rates suggest about the crime control perspective?
high recidivism rates suggest that focusing on punishments is ineffective and inefficient
which theory examines the link between social roles stereotypes, and the self-fulfilling prophecy to explain criminality?
labeling/shaming
which three entities compose the criminal justice system?
law enforcement, courts, and corrections
In 1991, the National Crime Survey (NCS) changed its name to ______.
national crime victimization survey
the bureau of justice statistics provides funding from which data collection effort
national crime victimization survey
The biggest difference between the National Incident-Based Reporting System (NIBRS) and the Supplementary Reporting System (SRS) is that the ______.
nibrs distinguishes between attempted and completed crimes
a decision made by a grand jury indicates that insufficient evidence is present to proceed with the case is called a _________
no bill
The NCVS defines simple assault as ______.
no or minor injuries and no weapons used in the assault
If a person uses illegal drugs, will that crime be counted in the National Crime Victimization Survey (NCVS)?
no, data on victimless crimes are not collected by the ncvs
in 2009, the federal government ordered California to reduce the prison population. California voters passed proposition 47, which released certain people who are incarcerated from prison. People who are incarcerated convicted of which types of crime were released under proposition 47?
nonviolent drug crimes
Currently, the Uniform Crime Reporting (UCR) Program and Supplementary Research System (SRS) categorize cybercrimes as ______ crimes.
part II
which statement forms the central tenet of the rehabilitative perspective?
people commit crime because of blocked opportunities
defense attorneys cannot cross-examine sexual assault victims on past sexual behavior due to the protection from ________ laws
rape shield
According to the National Crime Victimization Survey (NCVS), the rarest type of nonfatal violent crime is ______.
rape/sexual assault
It is important to discover the root causes of crime in order to combat crime, make the criminal justice system more efficient, and ___________
reduce victimization
A non sampling error occurs within the National Crime Victimization Survey when people who are contacted for interview ______.
refuse to participate in the survey when reached
one of the stated grievances of the domestic terrorist group responsible for the Oklahoma City bombing in 1995 was their belief that the government was trying to ___________
restrict their rights to bear arms
In 2008, the National Research Council wanted to make the National Crime Victimization Survey more efficient by
reviewing the methodology used to conduct the survey
In 2012, a new standard for series victimization was implemented by the NCVS to gain a better estimate of crimes. What changed?
serious victimizations could be counted as up to 10 incidents
After the redesign of the NCS, the National Crime Victimization Survey (NCVS) began gathering data on ______.
sexual assault
The National Crime Victimization Survey collected data on the same crimes collected by the National Crime Survey but it added the collection of data on ______.
sexual assault
the most common form of nonfatal violent crime in the united states is___________
simple assault
narrow-casting occurs when _____
small homogenous audiences get biased information from niche media outlets
one of the biggest problems with the media's portrayal of the criminal justice system is the __________
spread of inaccurate views of crime and victimization
Men are more likely than women to be violently victimized by ___
strangers
murder, rape, and robbery are commonly categorized as which type of crime?
street
the national crime victimization survey primarily tracks which type of crime?
street
which additional report was created in the 1960s to augment the traditional summary reporting system (srs) by providing details on fatal crimes?
supplementary homicide reports
Which FBI data collection effort uses the hierarchy rule?
supplementary report system
a student of criminal justice studies the _________
system of police, courts, and corrections
which statement is part of the definition of terrorism?
targets of noncombatants
according to the conflict model, who has the power to define what is criminal
the elite
how does the usa freedom act differ from the usa patriot act?
the freedom act limited the ability of the nsa to track phone data on citizens.
which statement accurately describes the duty to retreat if an individual encounters a burglar in their home?
the homeowner must attempt to avoid conflict before confronting the burglar
when researchers discuss the primary crime multiplier, they are referring to the effect of the ________________ on fear of crime
the media
What is a limitation of the National Crime Victimization Survey?
the nature of its data collection does not allow crime estimates for states, countries, and cities
a criminologist would be most likely to study ________________
the nature, extent, and causes of criminal offending and criminal victimization
After implementation of the National Crime Victimization Survey (NCVS), researchers saw a significant rise in the number of crimes not reported to the police.
true
As of 2021, law enforcement agencies are expected to be NIBRS-compliant.
true
Larceny is the most common form of property crime, according to the National Crime Victimization Survey.
true
Making a victim whole again after a crime is the goal of restorative justice.
true
The Department of Justice compiles data for law enforcement to use in creating police policy.
true
The FBI uses data gathered via the Internet Crime Complaint Center (IC3) to analyze internet crimes.
true
criminology focuses on the behavioral aspects of crime and victims?
true
in nolle prosequi, prosecutors decide to drop charges
true
narrow-casting is the presentation of a small amount of information to small homogenous audiences
true
status offenses are crimes that are illegal if committed y a minor but are legal if committed by an adult
true
white-collar crimes often involve the manipulation of finances
true
Both the National Incident-Based Reporting System (NIBRS) and the traditional Summary Reporting System (SRS) collect information on _______________
types of crimes committed
Promoting policies that limit violence in movies, music, video games, and television aligns with the ______ frame.
violent media
in 1939, Edwin Sutherland described a type of crime as a "crime committed by a person of respectability and high social status in the course of his occupation." He was referring to ___________
white-collar crime
