Intro to public speaking exam 3

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what is the specific purpose sentence you need to complete before you go any further in preparing your presentation?

"if there is one goal I want to achieve in this speech, it is to...(at this point, your topic should have a clear focus)

what are the labels for each of the four phases of creativity?

- preparation - incubation - illumination - refinement

what are the four steps for preparing an extemporaneous speech?

1. begin with a fully developed outline 2. if you have used a full sentence outline, convert it to a keyword/key phrase outline 3. word the speech 4. convert your brief outline to speech notes

what are three common introduction pitfalls?

1. don't begin with "before I start, I would like to say..." because you have already started 2. don't begin with an apology 3. don't use an attention getter that has no real link to your topic

what are three common conclusion pitfalls?

1. don't trail off 2. don't introduce a new point in your conclusion 3. don't make the conclusion disproportionately long

what are the three stages of practice?

1. early practice sessions (development) 2. middle practice sessions (feedback) 3. final practice sessions (refinement)

what are the four suggestions for avoiding the most typical planning pitfalls?

1. give yourself time for incubation 2. build some time for unexpected emergencies 3. work through writers block 4. start early to practice orally

what are the four types of general-purpose?

1. inform 2. invite 3. persuade 4. evoke

what are the five guidelines for giving constructive criticism?

1. start with the positive 2. make important comments first 3. be descriptive and specific 4. offer suggestions, not commands 5. be realistic about the amount and kind of feedback a speaker can receive

look at the relative proportions of the parts of your speech. generally, the body should make up ____%.

75%

what are the defining characteristics of the refinement phase of creativity?

after a creative burst, long period of checking details, fine tuning, and polishing. largely cognitive and requires concentrating and discipline

what are the two components of your introduction?

attention getter and thesis

what are any four of the six common listening pitfalls?

being distracted by appearance, planning rebuttal, looking inattentive, daydreaming and disengaging

what are the relationships among points?

coordinate points: ideas of equal importance or of parallel logical function subordinate points: points of lesser significance that support and explain to contribute steps of logical development to other ideas

why should main points be mutually exclusive?

for maximum clarity. they should cover different ideas and having a clear organizational pattern is essential

what are the defining characteristics of the incubation phase of creativity?

frustration and the speech is often set aside, unconscious mind and peripheral awareness work on the problems

what are the key differences between a full sentence and a topic/key word outline?

full sentence outline is a brainstorming tool to ensure coherent development of your speech. topic/key word outline is a sharp image of what the speaker is saying. full sentence outlines are long and topic/key word outlines are short and concise.

what are the defining characteristics of the preparation phase of creativity?

gathering materials, analyzing the topic and audience, making the first attempts at putting the parts together

what is the purpose of having two-five main points?

if you don't them your speech will be a string of examples. at the conclusion you want audience to remember the important ideas and should have no less than two and no more than five

what are the 2 advantages of the extemporaneous mode?

more conversational and more flexible presentation

what are the key differences between your speech notes and your outline?

outline is used to ensure logical organization. speech notes are used as a guide and a safety net while you are actively speaking and should be brief

The first step (in sensibly timing your speech) is to time the _______.

parts of your speech

what are the defining characteristics of the illumination phase of creativity?

pieces suddenly fit together, may occur when you're working on the project, exhilaration and relief come with this phase, work eagerly and fluently and accomplish more in a few hours than you have in several days

define the general purpose to evoke?

speech designed to entertain, inspire, celebrate, commemorate, bond to to help listeners relive a significant event

define the general purpose to inform?

speech designed to explain, instruct, define, clarify, demonstrate of to teach

define the general purpose to invite?

speech designed to explore a topic with an audience or invite the audience to respond

define the general purpose to persuade?

speech designed to influence, convince, motivate, sell, preach, or stimulate action

what are the two components of your conclusion?

summary and closure

How do you make sure that your main points develop your thesis/SPS?

these are the primary ideas and help develop the thesis - look at general purpose, specific purpose, and thesis statement - use thesis statement to to test your main points - ask yourself if there are any points that were not developed in the speech draft? and if there is any main idea of the speech draft that is not reflected in the thesis?

when your delivery times become consistent, what should you mark where?

you should mark the cumulative times of the parts in your notes


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