Intro to Sociology
a) true b) false a) true
2017 Bureau of Justice Statistics reported that among females ages 18 to 19, black females were 4.4 times more likely than white females to be incarcerated in state or federal prisons.
a) 553 b) 896 c) 1549 d)2339 c) 1549
2017 Bureau of Justice Statistics reported that the rate of incarceration for whites in state or federal prisons was 272 per 100,000. The rate of incarceration for African Americans was _________ per 100,000.
a. 27% b. 34% c. 41% d. 59% c. 41%
A 2009 Vera Institute study on prosecutorial discretion found that of arrestees in New York arrested with drugs and drug paraphernalia, 27% of African Americans were not prosecuted, and _____ of whites were not prosecuted.
a) material culture b) symbolic culture c) structuration d) material and symbolic culture d) material and symbolic culture
A statue of Robert E. Lee is an example of
a) 5 years b) 10 years c) 15 years d) 25 years c) 15 years
A study reported in the American Journal of Public Health (discussed in class) notes that the most affluent 1% of men in the United States live _______ longer than the poorest 1%
a) science b)epistemology c)science d)none of the above c)science
A systematic attempt to produce knowledge about the social world is called
a) true b) false b) false
According to Arlie Hochschild, the amount of the household labor (or reproductive labor) done by women in married families with children is equal to one week of 10 hour days per year of added labor for women in addition to their paid labor jobs.
a) the dual labor market b) gender segregation c) the second shift d) familial inequity c) the second shift
According to Arlie Hoschild's ethnographic research, even when husbands and wives are both employed outside of the home, the bulk of the domestic responsibilities fall on women. The sociological term for this is ______.
a) true b) false a) true
According to Dr. Noble, "classification systems" exist as part of the scientific approach to studying the social world T/F
a) social biases influence what counts as legitimate knowledge b) strong objectivity is utilized in search results c) our research/knowledge searches tend to result in locating information that confirms our existing biases d) a&c d) a&c
According to Dr. Noble, the algorithms of search engines like Google operate in such a way that
a) Irish and Germans b) Greek and Syrian c) Blacks and Chinese d) all of the above c) blacks and chinese
According to Eduardo Bonilla-Silva's discussion in the film Race the Power of an Illusion II, the assimilation "melting pot" did not include:
a) both men and women selected the Swedish model by more than 90% b) 89% of people who made six figure salaries selected the Swedish model c) 90% of self-identified Republicans chose the Swedish model d) all of the above d) all of the above
According to Keith Payne, researchers in the U.S. conducted a study on perceptions of inequality in the United States by showing them two charts on wealth inequality; one chart was based upon the actual wealth distribution in the United States, the other was based upon the wealth distribution in Sweden. They then asked the research subjects to select the society in which they would like to live if they were randomly assigned to end up in an economic status in that society. The researchers found that
a) 62% b) 76% c) 85% d) 99% c) 85%
According to Pew research findings discussed in lecture, a 2018 analysis of median hourly earnings of both full- and part-time workers revealed that women earned _______________ of what men earned
a) true b) false b) false
According to Stephen Jay Gould, the only way Morton's research on craniology was flawed because Morton did not attempt to eliminate his personal bias and prejudice about race in his research.
a) .05% b) 2% c) 10% d) 17% b) 2%
According to Suzanne Kessler's research on inter-sexed infants, approximately __________________ percent of infants are born inter-sexed in the U.S.
a. helping students refine their stories b. interrupting the school to prison pipeline c. providing resources to these students d. offering bilingual education c. providing resources to these students
According to Victor Rios' Ted Talk, the most important component (of his 3 strategies for change) that can bring change to the lives of young (especially African American and Latinx) kids who are at risk of dropping out of school is:
a) Art that is for sale to members of the public b) Art that exists outside of a gallery for public consumption c) Art that discusses mass surveillance by the nation state of its citizens d) Art inspired by the artist Jean-Michel Basquiat b) art that exists outside of a gallery for public consumption
According to artist/designer Chango Cummings public art is:
a) genetically male b) chromosomaly male c) genetically female d) chromosomal inter-sexed a) genetically male
According to biologist Rebecca Helms, a child with XX chromosomes with an SRY gene on one of the X chromosomes could be biologically physically female and ________________.
a. 3.4 million b. 4 million c. 5.3 million d. 6 million d. 6 million
According to lecture, between 1915 to 1960 ________ African Americans migrated from rural South to the North and West.
a) 1/2% b) 1% c) 8% d) 15% a) 1/2%
According to the (lecture add-on) video on wealth in the United States, the entire bottom 50% of Americans own only __________ of total U.S. stocks and bonds
a) 100 times b) 260 times c) 380 times d) 500 times c)380 times
According to the (lecture add-on) video on wealth, the average CEO of a company in the U. S. makes ____________ as much as the average (not lowest paid, but average) worker in their company makes
a) true b) false a) true
According to the American Psychological Association (APA) fact sheet on gender identities, it is difficult to estimate the exact number of people who identify as non-binary, because research on sex and gender has not included non-binary as a response category.
a) gender non-conforming b) non-binary c) trans d) all of the above a) gender non-conforming
According to the American Psychological Association (APA) fact sheet on gender identities, those who do not conform with the prescribed social expectations associated with the gender that matches a person's sex assigned at birth are referred to as:
a. the depreciation in the prices of property in these neighborhoods b. the unwillingness of investors to bring investment into these neighborhoods c. the emergence of predatory investment, like slum lords, in these neighborhoods d. all of the above d. all of the above
According to the New York Times review of research on redlining practices, neighborhoods that were poorly rated by the government in the 1930s, receiving a lending quality grade of D, produced long lasting structural effects resulting in near-permanent inequality of neighborhoods. These long lasting effects were largely the result of:
a) racial differences b) geography c) African ancestry d) all of the above b) geography
According to the film Race the Power of an Illusion, the fact that genetic diseases like sickle cell disease are found disparately in different groups is BEST explained by:
a) true b) false b) false
According to the podcast The Uncertain Hour, approximately than 50% of money given to states for Temporary Assistance to Needy Families (TANF) nationwide is spent on cash assistance for needy families.
a) true b) false a) true
According to the podcast The Uncertain Hour, tactics such as the good housing-keeping tests and midnight raids were tactics case workers used to keep Black women in particular from receiving welfare benefits.
a) race b) occupation c) street address d) immigration status c) street address
According to the video Unnatural Causes: Place Matters, _______________ is the largest predictor of health outcomes in the United States.
a) true b) false a) true
According to the video Unnatural Causes: When the Bough Breaks, African American mothers with a college degree have worse birth outcomes than white mothers without a high school education.
a) two times b) four times c) six times d) 10 times a) two times
African American women have low birth weight babies at __________ the rate of white American women.
a) true b) false b) false
After Alabama Judge Johnson finally approved the march from Selma to Montgomery, Alabama in 1965, Governor George Wallace (of Alabama) gave in to the appeals of President Johnson and provided police protection for marchers for the entirety of the march.
a) true b) false b) false
After Brown v. Board of Education, when Central High School in Little Rock, Arkansas was ordered to desegregate, forces of the state government and private citizens combined to prevent Black students from entering the high school and the federal government sent troops within 7 days to provide support and protection for African American students to enter the school.
a. Redlining b. Loan Rating c. Block busting d. Code-switching c. block busting
After World War II, as the housing market was growing and the middle class was accessing home ownership at unprecedented levels, a wide spread practice developed in the real estate market whereby realtors would sell a home in a white neighborhood to an economically qualified African American family; then the realtor would go to white neighbors and threaten them with falling housing values to get them to undersell their homes—which they would then sell at higher rates to other African American families. This process (now illegal) was called:
a. 13th Amendment b. 14th Amendment c. 15th Amendment d. 21st Amendment b. 14th amendment
After the Civil War three amendments were made to the United States Constitution, the ____________ provided that no state could deny any person within its jurisdiction the equal protection of the laws.
a) true b) false b) false
Although countries with higher levels of inequality experience higher levels of some health and social problems, social mobility (or the ability for one generation to do better financially than the previous generation) is also higher in countries with high levels of inequality.
a) true b) false a) true
Although there remains some racial segregation in education in the years since Brown v. Board of Education, it only remains in Southern states, and most U.S. schools are desegregated.
a) true b) false a) true
Andrew Jackson, elected President in 1828, halted federal violence against Native American's shifting to a policy whereby only the federal government could negotiate treaties with Native Tribes, and states could not extend their authority over Native Tribes within state boundaries.
a) cultural shift b) strong objectivity c) cultural toolkit d) classification system c) cultural toolkit
Ann Swidler suggests that individuals learn habits, skills, and values that lead to "strategies of action" and she calls these social meanings and behaviors the
a) in-depth interview b) ethnography c) an experiment d) none of the above b) ethnography
Arlie Hochschild's research on division of household (or reproductive labor) between married men and women with children who both work began with a survey, but after she gave the survey she conducted a(n) __________________ which helped her discover that both men and women underestimated the amount of household labor men do.
a) true b) false a) true
Artist/Designer Chango Cummings notes that one of the reasons he did not experience success in traditional high school and college tracks is that he did not see himself in the curriculum.
a) true b) false a) true
Artist/designer Chango Cummings created his piece "Through the Glass Eyes" to capture the feeling of mass surveillance of Black people by the state, and begin conversations about surveillance and freedom.
a) true b) false b) false
As discussed in class, Generation Z, which is young college-aged people, is much less likely to be engaged in social and/or political action than older generations.
a) 1965 Voting Rights Act b) 1981 Military Cooperation with Law Enforcement Act c) 1954 Brown Versus Board of Education Act d) 1964 Affirmative Action in the Workplace Act a) 1965 voting rights act
As discussed in class, the social movements and collective action taken by people like former U.S. Representative John Lewis during the civil rights movement lead to legal changes, such as the passage of the ____________ into law.
a) true b) false a) true
As noted by Dorothy Roberts, many U.S. doctors still use the slavery era diagnostic tool, the spirometer, originally developed by Samuel Cartwright who suggested that African Americans had deficient lower lung capacities than white people.
a) true b) false b) false
As noted in the video Unnatural Causes: Place Matters, a family can purchase 1500 calories worth of food at fast food restaurants for only a couple dollars, as a result of this the United States does not have a problem with malnourishment that less wealthy countries have
a) true b) false a) true
Barrie Thorne's research on gender dynamics of boys and girls in schools is an example of how schools functions as institutions that socialize children to conform to gender norms.
a) 10% b) 25% c) 40% d) 60% c)40%
Between 1968 and 1990 the real value of the minimum wage fell by
a) true b) false
Between 1980-1991 the incarceration rate for African Americans tripled because crime rates were increasing, particularly among African Americans, between 1980-1990
a) true b) false a) true
Chronic stress can lead to weakened immune systems, high blood pressure, and other health problems that can increase negative health outcomes
a) true b) false a) true
Claude Steele describes a story of New York Times columnist Brent Staples, and African American man who described being a psychology graduate student at the University of Chicago, and realizing that when he was walking at night white people were in fear of him because of racial stereotypes about African American men in that Chicago community. Staples says that he began whistling classical music like Vivaldi's Four Seasons to make white people feel more comfortable as they passed him on the street.
a) true b) false a) true
Culture influences social agents such that people have a tendency to act in ways that reproduce rather than change the social structure T/F
a) true b) false a) true
Current research seems to indicate that transgender individuals are at higher risk of experiencing domestic violence and sexual assault than non-transgender indivduals.
a) true b) false a) true
Dr. Moore's son sometimes discusses population vs. geography maps of the electoral college while playing League of Legends with his peers.
a) true b) false a) true
Everything Billy Porter does Dr. Moore loves
a) true b) false a) true
Gender norms and the boundaries of gender socialization are frequently enforced through the deployment of homophobia.
a) social institutions cause individual people to problematize social norms b) the recursive relationship between social structure and individual agents mean that people's actions impact the social structure and vice versa c) social movements cause individual agents to clash with culture and social structure d) all of the above b) the recursive relationship between social structure and individual agents mean that people's actions impact the social structure and vice versa
Gideon's concept of structuration tells us that
a) true b) false b) false
If you account for educational attainment, occupational segregation, work experience, and time off for family caregiving, it reveals that the wage gap between men and women is not about gender, but personal choices and attributes.
a) true b) false b) false
In 1790 the first Congress of the United States restricted naturalization to only "free white persons", and this restriction to naturalized citizenship to white persons was in effect in U.S. law until 1927.
a) establishing a minimum wage of $5.25 per hour b) imposing a 40 hour work week, requiring overtime pay for those who worked more than 40 hours in a week c) imposing limitations on child labor making it a crime to employ a child under 13 years of age d) all of the above b) imposing a 40 hour work week, requiring overtime pay for those who worked more than 40 hours in a week
In 1938 Congress passed the Fair Labor Standards Act that regulated labor that regulated paid labor by:
a) Milliken v. Bradley b) Plessy v. Ferguson c) United States v. Thind d) Brown v. Board of Education a) miliken v. bradley
In 1974 the Supreme Court held that District courts could not order inter-district remedies, in cases of unlawful school segregation, which included the city of Detroit and the surrounding suburbs, unless there was a showing that the school board in each of the surrounding suburbs acted intentionally to create the racial segregation. This was the holding in the case:
a) 0 b) 20 c) 128 d) 1200 a) 0
In 1989, President George H.W. Bush held a televised press briefing in which he held up a bag of crack cocaine he reported had been confiscated from Lafayette Park, a park across the street from the White House. After the press briefing, reporters contacted the U.S. Park Police to ask about the prevalence of crack and other drug sales in Lafayette Park, and the commander of criminal investigations said that aside from the incident leading to the confiscation of the crack cocaine featured in the press briefing there had been _______ arrests for crack sales in Lafayette Park.
a) $100 million b) $100 billion c) $250 billion d) $350 billion c)$250 billion
In 2018 three individuals, Warren Buffet, Bill Gates, and Jeff Bezos collectively held $301 Billion in wealth, whereas the bottom 50% of people in the United States collectively shared ______________ in wealth
a) boys were considered more "contaminating" than girls in "cootie contacts" b) boys occupied more playground space, nearly 2/3rds of the playground, than girls c) girls were called on more to answer math and logic problems in class d) all of the above b) boys occupied more playground space, nearly 2/3rds of the playground, than girls
In Bonnie Thorne's research on boys and girls in school she found:
a) $2000 b) $6000 c) $10,000 d) $20,000 b) $6000
In Highpoint, Washington, asthma was endemic as a result of housing that had been built as temporary housing during and after WWII, but was still there 60 years later. The video Unnatural Causes: Place Matters noted that homes (called "Breath Easy Homes") were built with grants that had in-home infiltration systems that significantly reduced asthma in children in this neighborhood. These homes cost __________ extra to build than houses without the infiltration systems.
a) demographically more men are litigator and more women are paralegals b) women paralegals were asked to perform caretaking or "mothering" work such as helping litigator get dressed for court c) women who worked as litigators were teased and criticized if they performed like the "rambo litigator" as their male colleagues did d) all of the above d) all of the above
In Jennifer Pierce's research on gendered jobs in law firms she finds that:
a) infant mortality b) mental illness c) homicide d) all of the above d) all of the above
In Richard Wilkinson's talk on the harms of socioeconomic inequality he notes that empirical evidence demonstrates that societies with higher levels of inequality (measured by the distance between the top 20% of earners compared to the bottom 20% of earners),rates of _________________________ is/are higher compared to less unequal societies.
a) 2% b) 10% c) 17% d) 27% a) 2%
In Richmond, California, vast public investment in housing occurred after WWII, largely through FHA (Federal Housing Authority) loans. These loans were largely only available to white families. Only _______ of FHA loans went to non-white families in Richmond.
a)true b)false b)false
In Shawn McGuffey's op-ed on confederate monuments, he tells a story of being assaulted by white individuals who yelled racial epithets at him, threw rocks, and chased him into hiding; he notes that these his assailants were dressed in the traditional garb worn by the Ku Klux Klan. T/F
a) true b) false b) false
In The Broken Ladder, Keith Payne suggests that for the majority of individuals, their subjective perceptions of their own status aligns with their objective measures of status like income, level of education, and job status. T/F
a )true b) false a) true
In a study of "rage incidents" on airplanes, researchers found that the presence of a first-class section on an airplane raised the chance of such a disturbance by the same amount as a nine-and-a-half hour flight delay T/F
a) true b) false a) true
In countries with greater inequality, people say that they have lower levels of trust for their fellow citizens than in countries with relatively less inequality
a) true b) false a) true
In her research on the algorithms of the Google search engine, Dr. Noble found that when someone attempted to search "English major who taught herself calculus", Google suggested the change to "English major who taught himself calculus". This is an example of cultural meanings embedded in search engine algorithms T/F
a) scientific b) social c) objective d) all of the above b)social
In lecture I noted that knowledge is fundamentally
a) 10% b) 27% c) 48% d) 63% d) 63%
In lecture discussion of Jonathan Kozol's analysis of the differences between Chicago South-side school DuSable, and suburban Dearborn Park school New Trier, it was noted that at DuSable _____ percent of the curriculum has been changed to vocational education so that students do not have core curriculum classes to prepare them for college.
a) true b) false a) true
In the 1980s and 1990s the National Restaurant Association spent millions of dollars to lobby Congress to prevent increases in the minimum wage.
a) true b) false a) true
In the 1980s marketing executives targeted fast food marketing to children; marketing campaigns were designed to provide children specific reason to ask for products at particular fast food chains and encourage them to nag their parents to take them to those fast food restaurants.
a) true b) false a) true
In the 1990s George Ritzer created the theory of McDonaldization, but in the 2000s when he updated his theory he suggested that Starbucks' construction of the "third place" had created an entirely new model of organization that was fundamentally different from the organizational structure of McDonalds
a) 18% b) 28% c) 38% d) 48% b) 28%
In the 1990s the Institute on Race and Poverty conducted a study on racial profiling in police stop and search procedures in Maryland on the I-95 corridor, of those drivers stopped and searched by police the study found that the "hit rate" (or the percentage of searches that revealed contraband) for whites was 28%; for African Americans the "hit rate" was
a) true b) false a) true
In the Supreme Court decision of Brown II (the remedial decision for Brown v. Board of Education) the Supreme Court held that Schools in districts segregated by law needed to desegregate immediately.
a) true b) false b) false
In the Uncertain Hour podcast, they note that because reporters discovered that the DEA had set up the crack sale from Keith Jackson in Lafayette Park so that President Bush could use the crack as a prop in his press briefing, Mr. Jackson was never arrested for the crack sale.
a) the legal definition of white was synonymous with the term caucasian b) the legal definition of white was a term of common usage to be defined by the common man's understanding c) racial restrictions for citizenship are in violation of the US constitution d) legally african americans were not citizens of the US and therefore could not sue in federal court b) the legal definition of white was a term of common usage to be defined by the common man's understanding
In the case of US vs. Thind, the US supreme court held that:
a) independent b) dependent c) intervening d) it is not a variable in this question b) dependent
In the research question "does greater access to disposable income lead to better quality healthcare?", quality health care is the _______________ variable
a) collect and analyze data b) develop a survey tool c) go through the peer review process to assess the validity of your question d) conduct a review of existing literature on the topic d) conduct a review of existing literature on the topic
In the scientific research process, after you form a research question you should then
a) true b) false b) false
Income inequality in the United States has grown so much over the past 50 years that by 2018 America's top 10% of income earners earn, on average, approximately 4 times as much income as the bottom 90% of income earners. T/F
a) true b) false b) false
Jennifer Pierce's research on gender dynamics in law firms found that when men entered the female dominated profession of paralegal, they were asked to do the same kind of mothering that women in those jobs were asked to do.
a) one third (35.6%) b) one half (55.8%) c) two thirds (69%) d) three fourths (76.4%) a) one third (35.6%)
Kristie L. Seelman reports CDC research which finds that within the United States, approximately _________________ of all women been stalked, raped, and/or physically abused by an intimate partner.
a) true b) false a) true
Kristie Seelman's research indicates that discrimination against transgender individuals in domestic violence shelters and programs increases if transgender individuals are also low income, a person of color, and/or undocumented.
a) the means of production b) the income tax c) gin coefficient d)ideology d)ideology
Marx suggested that members of the Capitalist class were able to hold power over the larger worker class without violence or threat of violence through the use of
a) the process by which capitalist societies engage in cultural shifts b) the process by which societies organize institutions using rules and regulations c) the process by which institutions utilize scientific management to organize businesses d) the process by which labor jobs are replaced with service industry jobs b) the process by which societies organize institutions using rules and regulations
Max Weber's concept of formal rationality refers to:
a) true b) false b) false
Most of the family heirs featured in the film Born Rich required their children to work in low level positions in the family businesses before they were able to inherit family money T/F
a) true b) false a) true
New Deal unemployment insurance excluded coverage for domestic workers and farmworkers
a) cultural shift b) cultural meanings c) false consciousness d) means of production b)cultural meanings
Professor McGuffey explains, in his op-ed on confederate monuments, that he learned first from his mother, and later in school, about the connections between confederate monuments and the legacy of slavery i the United States which directly impacted his ancestors. This is an example of
a. Racial residential segregation b. Diversion of federal criminal justice funding from white collar crime to street crime c. Differential criminal sentencing for crack versus powder cocaine d. All of the above d. All of the above
Racial disparities in U.S. jails and prisons are explained by which of the following structural factors:
a) efficiency b) calculability c) predictability d) control c) predictability
Regardless of the city one is in, a hamburger purchased at McDonalds is always very much the same. This is due to what Ritzer called _____.
a) true b) false b) false
Residential racial segregation in the U.S. today is most accurately described as the result of individual choices about what communities they want to live in.
a) sex b) religion c) residential segregation d) family status a) sex
Richard Rothstein notes that a strategy that developed in congress to stop legislation from passing called the "poison pill" strategy was to add unpopular amendments to a bill so that when the bill comes up for a vote it will be defeated. The most famous "poison pill" strategy involved the 1964 Civil Rights Act whereby opponents of the law prohibiting discrimination on the basis of race contained in the original bill added a prohibition on discrimination based upon _______ believing that that would result in the defeat of the entire bill.
a. 30% __ 3% b. 30% __ 10% c. 60% __ 10% d. 60% __ 25% c. 60% __10%
Richard Rothstein notes that largely as a result of government federal housing policies requiring racial residential segregation, economic inequality between whites and African Americans today is severe, and African Americans incomes are _____ of white incomes and African American wealth is _________ of white wealth.
a) controlling image b) stereotype threat c) social construction d) biological determinism b) stereotype threat
Roger is an African American student at Princeton University. He is majoring in Engineering, and when asked to complete an exam of complex mathematical problems, he performs better on the exam when he is told that the exam is a test of the validity of the individual questions, as opposed to a test measuring his math competency. This is probably an example of a:
a) true b) false b) false
Sandra Harding's concept of strong objectivity refers to the need for scientists to have complete neutrality and impartiality when conducting research
a) a functioning womb that would permit childbirth b) an average sized or larger penis c) breasts d) none of the above b) an average sized or larger penis
Suzanne Kessler's research on inter-sexed infants found that from approximately the 1970s-the present, doctors made decisions about surgically altering inter-sexed children to fit into the sex binary based primarily upon a medical determination that the infant could develop in puberty to have _____________________________.
a) true b) false a) true
Tactical Urbanism is a theory of art, design, and space which aims to infuse beauty and joy through art and architecture into the built environment of under-resourced urban areas; this includes things like building mobile seating units that can be placed in urban areas so people can sit and talk, building skate parks infused with artwork to encourage play and inspire through messages of beauty, and using bubble machines to make bubbles in public spaces to create joy and facilitate happy interactions.
a) true b) false a) true
The 13th Amendment of the United States Constitution prohibited slavery in the United States "except as a punishment for crime whereof the party shall have been duly convicted"; scholars suggest that this language provided a loophole that was exploited by the South leading to a convict lease system that provided unpaid laborers to replace the economic system of slavery
a) true b) false a) true
The 14th amendment included a provision making all persons born in the united states citizens
a. marijuana b. crack cocaine c. inhalants d. all of the above b. crack cocaine
The 2008 National Survey on Drug Use and Health found that whites reported more drug use than African Americans for every drug except:
a) true b) false a) true
The National Academy of Sciences states that every methodological choice should be interrogated to ensure that societal values do not influence scientific research
a) the vast majority of African Americans worked in agriculture in the South b) virtually all white local administration of federal aids to families explicitly discriminated against African Americans, c) federal aid grants grants were given to the state authorities to disperse and and no conditions about how they were dispersed at the local level were required d) all of the above d) all of the above
The New Deal policies that provided assistance for individuals during the Great Depression disproportionately provided government aid to whites in part because:
a) 1.1 million b) 1.8 million c) 2.3 million d) 3.5 million c) 2.3 million
The documentary 13th notes that in 1980 the United States had a prison population of 513,900 but today the number of people imprisoned is approximately _________, which is the highest rate of incarceration in the world
a) 8% b) 12% c) 15% d) 25% d) 25%
The documentary 13th notes that the United States has 5% of the world's population, but __________ of the world's prison populatio
a) true b) false b) false
The first time civil rights activists, including John Lewis, Chairman of SNCC, attempted to march for civil rights in Selma, Alabama, the march was stopped when violence erupted as the marchers crossed the Edmund Pettus Bridge in Selma. In what would come to be known as "Bloody Sunday", the violence began when members of SNCC attacked the police who were attempting to stop the marchers from proceeding beyond Selma.
a) Efficiency, predictability, quantification, control b) Career ladders, quantification, control, rationalization c) Predictability, efficiency, hierarchy, control d) Control, predictability, quantification, irrationality a) efficiency, predictability, quantification, control
The four essential elements of the bureaucracies influenced by the process George Ritzer calls the McDonaldization are:
a) the federal construction of interstate highways b) increased car and truck sales leading many more individuals owning automobiles c) mass construction of homes building and the construction of the suburbs d) all of the above d) all of the above
The major social structural factors that led to the mass proliferation and success of fast food restaurants were:
a) job preparation b) preventing out-of-wedlock pregnancies c) cash assistance for needy families d) all of the above d) all of the above
The podcast The Uncertain Hour noted that the 1996 Welfare Reform Bill that recreated welfare in the United States included four directives for how states could use welfare money from the federal block grants. Those four goals included:
a) true b) false b) false
The policy implemented after World War II, which ensured that white men who had left their jobs to fight in the war effort would get their jobs back when they returned from war, was a policy that was deliberately designed to ensure that white men could retain economic advantage over black men after the Great Migration.
a) racism b) class differences among women of different races c) nutritional differences during pregnancy d) all of the above a) racism
The research presented in Unnatural Causes: When the Bough Breaks suggests that the most likely explanation for racial disparities (especially regarding high rates for African American women) in low birth weight babies is:
a) true b) false a) true
The resource inequality in white neighborhoods versus African American neighborhoods leads to school funding inequality even when people in African American neighborhoods pay disproportionately higher tax rates.
a) wealth b) income c) disposable income d) all of the above b)income
The revenue that people make from things like wages, salaries, rent, and dividends, are examples of
a) true b) false b) false
The statistics presented in lecture show that whites report using drugs more than African Americans, but African Americans report selling drugs more than whites.
a) The physical characteristics we associate with race are arbitrary b) The categories we think of as racial groups change over time and are different in different societies even at one specific historical moment c) There is more differentiation within so-called racial groups than between so-called racial groups. d) all of the above d) all of the above
The vast majority of those in the physical and social sciences have concluded that race is socially constructed, not biological, because
a) 2 b) 9 c) 18 d) 20 b) 9
The video Unnatural Causes: Place Matters noted that in the community of Highpoint, Washington, asthma was endemic -- 1 in ______ houses were effected by asthma.
a) true b) false b) false
Today the United States is the only industrialized nation in the world except South Africa without universal health insurance.
a) true b) false a) true
Until the 18th century, race was generally a concept used in conjunction with family or clan ties, and was not based upon physical characteristics as it is today
a) true b) false a) true
When the civil rights march from Selma to Montgomery, Alabama finally took place, at the end approximately 25,000 people marched.
a) biological differences between the races b) non-white people are genetically more likely to be blood type A c) Black and Latinx people are more likely to work as essential workers d) all of the above c) black and latinx people are more likely to work as essential workers
Which of the following does the CDC report leads to racial disparities in Covid19 cases?
a) residential segregation b) racial economic inequality c) stress resulting from racism d) all of the above d) all of the above
Which of the following structural factors lead to racial disparities in health care and health outcomes?
a) true b) false b) false
While distinctions about what types of clothes are "masculine" or "feminine" are about social constructions of gender, the concept of sex is completely distinct from gender because it is about the dichotomous biology of physical bodies and genitalia.