Introduction to World Geography Exam #2

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What is the fifth largest country in the world?

Brazil

Where did half of all the slaves of the Americas end up?

Brazil

Where was the 2016 Olympics held?

Brazil

Most oil production is found in what two South American countries?

Brazil and Venezuela

Uruguay became independent from ______ and ________ in ____.

Brazil; Argentina; 1828

_____ has won more World Cups than any other country with ____ titles.

Brazil; Five

What physical region is comprised of several small mountain ranges?

Brazilian Highlands

Textiles, steam power (boats, trains), Iron-making (furnaces, ships, stoves, cannons, weapons) all originated where?

Britain

What is the capitol of the EU?

Brussels

When did monarchy start to fall in Europe?

By the end of the Industrial Revolution

Hugh Chavez died of ______ in ____.

Cancer; 2012

Who fights for the control of trade, network, and growing cocoa plants?

Cartels

What is a popular religion of Venezuela?

Catholicism

What two groups experience tension in Europe?

Catholics and Protestants

There is a conflict between the __________ and ____________ in Ireland which lead to the ______________________ (IRA).

Catholics; Protestants; Irish Republican Army

What are the four geographic regions of Europe?

Central Uplands, Alpine Mountains, Western Uplands, Northern European Lowlands

What did two things did the EU create in 1999?

Central bank and currency

Four main examples for manufacturing in South America are what?

Chemicals, electronics, textiles, biofuels

What is England's national dish?

Chicken tikka masala

What is the longest North to South country in the world?

Chile

Most people working in factories during the Industrial Revolution didn't have a ______ because if they __________, they would get ________.

Choice; Complained; Replaced

As a product of the crusades, what are Europe's religious roots?

Christian

What are two failed examples of separation of church and state?

Church of England; Vatican

What provides an increased chance of making money, better education, and more "things to do"?

Cities

What is a city with its own government that controls territory to form an independent state?

City state

Western Greece was the oldest European _______________.

Civilization

The size of South America allows it to have a variety of ________ and __________.

Climates; Vegetation

What are three examples of complementarity?

Coal in Britain for cars in Germany, Norway lumber, Greece cotton

In the Caribbean North Region, where does most of the population live?

Coast

Where does most of the South American population live?

Coasts

What is Colombia's largest export?

Coffee

What are nine of Brazil's common agricultural exports?

Coffee, soybeans, wheat, rice, corn, sugarcane, cocoa, citrus, and beef

What is examples of the high levels of corruption in South America?

Colombian drug trade

What is a territorial development strategy where a territory is occupied by a foreign government?

Colonialism

The Incan empire was a ___________ of cultures.

Combination

Moldova has a __________ economy.

Communist

What is the idea of excess products and goods being shared with others within the realm given the need?

Complementarity

What (other than gold) does the Sierra produce?

Copper, zinc, lead

What two things do slums produce?

Crime and disease

A modern nation state gives what to a group of humans?

Cultural identity

The Northern European Lowlands are ______________________________.

Culturally diverse and complex

What was the capitol of the Incan empire?

Cuzco, Peru

In the aftermath of WWII, ______________ of lands occurred (India, Asia, Africa), new _________ were drawn (_______ was created), the ____ War and the _______ Race were developing, and four major organizations (The UN, European Union, IMF, and _____) were formed.

Decolonization; Countries; Israel; Cold; Nuclear; NATO

What was a political result of the rebellion against monarchy?

Democracy/Parliament systems

Since adopting a _________ in ____, Brazil's economy has been doing _____.

Democracy; 1989; Well

Greece was a ________ and a ________.

Democracy; Republic

What are the three zones of Peru?

Desert Coast; Sierra; Selva

South America is unevenly ________ which is only contained to ______, _____, and ___________ urban areas (______).

Developed; Brazil; Chile; Argentina's

The East and the West of Europe are vastly _________.

Different

Rome was home to Latin, a language that lead to some of the world's most _________ languages (Romantics).

Dominant

Who did Suriname become independent from and when?

Dutch; 1975

What helped growth in infrastructure, flow of money, and labor and goods?

EU

When and where did monarchs had absolute power with few given to the people?

Early Europe

As a part of the Ring of Fire, Chile experiences lots of what?

Earthquakes

What climate is Europe's similar to?

Eastern US

The Mercosur is an ________ bloc with ______ states and __________.

Economic; Member; Associate

Germany has the largest _______ in Europe.

Economy

The South American Union is not quite _________ because of ___________________, fight for ___________________, and countries' lack of ________.

Effective; Political Posturing; Control of resources; Interest

Transferability exhibits small area ___________.

Efficiency

Who is the US's global ally?

England

What are the four regions of the United Kingdom?

England, Scotland, Wales, Northern Ireland

Where did the Industrial Revolution start and move to?

England; US (post Civil War)

What are the two national languages of Ireland?

English and Gaelic

Ecuador is situated directly over the what?

Equator

There was a what war and a population of what during the fall of Yugoslavia?

Ethnic; 7.2 million

Ireland uses which currency?

Euro

What is the central currency of the EU called and what Greek symbol represents it?

Euro; Epsilon

The EU was produced by whom?

Europe

After WWII, West Germany was a part of _______ and East Germany was a part of ______.

Europe; Russia

Western front was in _______ and Eastern front was in ______ during WWI.

Europe; Russia

What are Venezuela's resources in the Highlands?

Farming and cattle grazing

Brazil is rich in what three things?

Farmland, tropical rainforests, and untapped resources

What was a result of the Treaty of Versailles?

Fascism and nationalism grew in Germany

What are poor homes for war survivors in South America called?

Favelas

What is an example of the disparity between the rich and poor?

Favelas

Where do most people live in Ecuador?

Fertile valleys along the Pacific Coast

What was notable about WWI?

First war to use chemical weapons

The Gulf Stream moves water from _______ to ______ and controls the European climate ____________ by __________ it.

Florida; Europe; Dramatically, Moderating

South America is the ______ largest continent by land mass.

Fourth

What is the oldest state in Europe?

France

Who does French Guiana currently remain under control of?

France

Who is the biggest agriculture producer in Europe producing crops such as cattle, grapes (wine), and cheese?

France

What country contains the tallest mountain in Europe and what is the mountain called?

France; Mount Blanc

The conquest of the Incan empire was led by whom?

Francisco Pizarro

The purpose of Mercosur is to promote __________ and the ______________ of goods, people, and currency.

Free trade; Fluid movement

What ended the absolute power of monarchs in Europe in the late 1700s?

French Revolution

Tribes of ______ and ______ moved from ______, ____, and the ___________ to Europe.

German; Slavic; Africa; Asia; Middle East

Which European population has the largest population?

Germany

What are two main exports of French Guyana?

Gold and seafood

What are four natural resources that South America is rich in?

Gold, timber, water, oil

City populations have _____ steadily since _____.

Grown; 1950

Where do most people in Venezuela live and close to what?

Highlands close to resources

What are examples of infrastructure that the South American Union is trying to establish?

Highways, high speed rail, canal system

Who rose to power in Venezuela in 1998?

Hugh Chavez

__________ caused tensions with US.

Hugh Chavez

___________ remained neutral in drug wars , traded with Cuba, and threatened to stop commerce with the US.

Hugh Chavez

Who wrote a new constitution for Venezuela and what two things was it focused on?

Hugh Chavez; Social and economic inequality

What established to help rebuild economies after WWII and to help avoid another Great Depression?

IMF

What organization's main goals were to develop financial stability, grow international trade, and reduce poverty?

IMF

What provides guidance to central banks and analysis of economic trends globally and aid to help fight poverty?

IMF

"Vice" is Latin for ___________ and "Roi" is French for ____.

In place of; King

The Sierra contains remnants of the ______ culture.

Incan

The _______ were very advanced for their times having built huge _________, _____, and _______ in the mountains; practiced _______ and were great ________ strategists; and _________ (a form of agriculture).

Incas; Buildings; Roads; Bridges; Surgery; Military; Terracing

The French and American Revolutions spurred ____________ in South America and made Spain _______.

Indepence; Nervous

General exploitations such as child labor, long working hours, poor safety, and very low pay were characteristics of what?

Industrial Revolution

Technical innovations such as use of new materials (steel, iron, chemicals), usage of thermal energy to produce mechanical energy, mechanized labor that replaced human and animal labor, production (factories), and transportation (rail) were characteristics of what?

Industrial Revolution

What does IMF stand for?

International Monetary Fund

What city is located in the Selva and how can it only be reached?

Iquitos; traversing the 2300 mile Amazon River

Who has the quickest growing economy in Europe?

Ireland

_________ gained independence from the UK in the EU.

Ireland

What are Brazil's common exports for mining?

Iron, oil, natural gas, gold

What religion is increasing in southeastern Europe?

Islam

Argentina is mostly Spanish but heavily influenced by which two European countries?

Italians and Germans

What was the order of the feudal system (most to least powerful)?

King, tenants, knights, peasants

The Renaissance sparked the desire to gain _________ and formally _________ territory as being owned as well as cities _______ rapidly.

Knowledge; Recognize; Growing

Sicily is the origin of what Sicilian Mafia?

La Costa Nostra

_______________ was a result of extensive mining in South America.

Land Alienation

Moldova is geographically what?

Landlocked

Sometimes, (four weeks of) vacation is necessary under what in Europe?

Law

How much of the population is urban?

Less than 80%

Europeans work _____ and ________ more.

Less; Vacation

What city is located in the Desert Coast of Peru and how old is it?

Lima; 500 years old

What meal is a bigger deal than dinner in Europe?

Lunch

Small size in area and people makes what country easier to manage?

Luxembourg

What is the richest country in Europe?

Luxembourg

What is the name of the Incan hidden civilization that was never found by the Spaniards?

Machu Picchu

What was the principle mission of the League of Nations?

Maintain World Peace

In Europe, cars are mostly ___________________ and _____ while cars in the US are typically _______________________ and ____.

Manual transmission; Small; Automatic transmission; Huge

Milan-Turin-Genoa Triangle is heavy in what?

Manufacturing

Germany is a leader in Europe for what two things?

Manufacturing and economic stability

What are two ways one can gain dual nationality?

Marriage and expatriation

The US gave Europe $13 billion to help rebuild both physical, economic, and political sectors (to keep communism at bay) during the _________ Plan.

Marshall

How are the countries of the Southern Cone tied together?

Mercosur

What is the "Southern Common Market"?

Mercosur

What is largest city in Italy?

Milan

Russia needs access to the ocean and resources of Ukraine as factors of what two major aspects?

Military and Economic

What is huge in Chile?

Mining copper

The conquistadors used the _____ system for their benefit.

Mit'a

What country has the poorest economy in Europe?

Moldova

What is the climate in Europe like?

Mostly mild; Cool to cold winters and warm to hot summers

_________ in East, ____________ in West.

Mountains; Amazon Basin

The Southern Cone is physically diverse with _________ in the West and ______ in the East.

Mountains; Pampas

What types of people mostly make up Macedonia, Montenegro, and Kosovo?

Muslims; Serbs; Refugees

What helped Europe militarily against the Soviet Union?

NATO

What is more focused on terrorism, weapons of mass destruction, and cyber security globally (not just Europe) today?

NATO

_________ are the next largest export of Colombia with __% of _______ coming from Colombia.

Narcotics; 70; cocaine

What was the 19th century concept that led to the creation of the modern nation state?

Nationalism

Nations were formed as a result of what?

Nationality

What protects you legally internationally, makes you follow the laws of the state you are from, and is automatically given when you are born?

Nationality

What were the four ages of European development in order from earliest to latest?

Neolithic, Copper, Bronze, and Iron

What does NATO stand for and when was it established?

North Atlantic Treaty Organization; 1949

What three bodies of water surround the UK?

North Sea, English channel, and Atlantic Ocean

Russia needs access to what through the Ukraine?

Ocean and resources

What are the two leading exports of Ecuador?

Oil and Seafood

The Western Uplands are very ___ geographically.

Old

Balkans, Hungary, Turkey, became free of what empire?

Ottoman

What are the large, flat grassland areas of Argentina called?

Pampas

What are considered the "Great Plains" of South America and where are they primarily located?

Pampas; Argentina

The EU allows citizens to move between countries for work without what?

Passports

Technically, what is Europe of Asia?

Peninsula

Where were the Spanish Viceroys in South America and what dates?

Peru (1542-1824), New Grenada (1717-1819), Rio de la Plata (1776-1814)

What countries are part of the Andean West region?

Peru, Ecuador, Bolivia, Paraguay

In the Caribbean North Region, what type of lifestyle is exhibited in what countries?

Plantation; Guyana, Suriname, and French Guyana

______________________ is present in most South American countries.

Political Instability

Cartels influence what three things?

Political system, army, and police

Colonialism is often what?

Politically religious and racially driven

Sicily is very _____ and _______________.

Poor; Underdeveloped

Which Pope plead for war on the Muslims (Saracen) to recover Jerusalem (Holy land)?

Pope Urban II

The __________ took over the indigenous populations in Brazil.

Portuguese

What was a major South American mining city?

Potosi

Brazil can be a center for what?

Poverty

In Ukraine, the East is ___________ and the West is __________.

Pro-Russia; Pro-Europe

With the EU, taxes in ___________ countries were given to ____ countries.

Prosperous; Poor

What do the Alpine Mountains include?

Pyrenees to Balkan Mountains and includes most of Mediterranean

The __________ and _______ are major parts of the Brazilian economy.

Rainforests; beaches

France, Germany, Russia, Poland, and Scandinavia started supplying ___materials and eventually became involved in the ______________________.

Raw; Industrial Revolution

The major goal of the EU was to what?

Rebuild European economy

Brazil is a powerhouse in what three things in South America?

Resources, people, geographic area

Due to economic disparity, the ____ are in the West and the ____ are in the East (______________).

Rich; Poor: Slavic nations

What are six things Greece saw the rise of?

Rise of science, philosophy , government, art, formal writing, math

What five developments did the Bronze age witness?

Sailing, trade, navigation, Stonehenge was built, writing developed

In Europe, __________ is on the rise.

Secularism

NATO is more concerned with what than economics?

Security

What did democracy and parliament systems attempt to do with religion?

Separation of church and state

When and how did WWII start?

September 1939 when Germany invaded Poland

What region contains a very poor population of mostly miner workers?

Sierra

What did the Spanish force the Incas to mine and created a huge wealth for them?

Silver

____________ (aka the "Great el Libertador" helped _________________.

Simon Bolivar; free other states

What four developments did the Copper age witness and when?

Simple shields, modest swords, axes, armors in 5,000 BCE

What four developments did the Neolithic age witness and when?

Simple stone tools, spears, fire, domestication of animals in 10,000 BCE

The South American Union is trying to establish a _______________, shared _______, easier ________ passage for _______, and build a better ______________.

Single currency; Defense; Passport; Members; Infrastructure

Unlike the Spanish, what did Portugal not have to help with plantation work and mining?

Slaves

Europe is the ________ continent in area with ___________ square miles.

Smallest; 3.9 million

What is the national sport of Brazil?

Soccer

The Industrial Revolution lead to a lot of what?

Social Inequality

What is the longest continent from North to South?

South America

Moldova, a new country, is former what territory?

Soviet

Of what descent is Venezuela primarily?

Spanish

Bolivia's population is currently divided how for a clash of culture and fight for power?

Spanish (East) vs. Amerindians (West)

What was the result of the rise of religion?

Squashed science and art; Crusades

Luxembourg's government is very ______.

Stable

The Industrial Revolution (1750-1850) was not a ______ event.

Sudden

What was the huge crop of Brazil?

Sugar

Three main crops for South American agriculture are what?

Sugar, soy beans, coffee

What is a voluntary association in economic, political, and cultural spheres of 3 or more nations who are willing to give over sovereignty for mutual benefit?

Super nationalism

The EU wanted to reduce trade _______ between ________ countries.

Tariffs; European

What result of World War I lead to tanks, guns, aircraft, communication, and submarines?

Technology growth

Where is most of the Amerindian population located today?

The Andean West Region

Ecuador annexed what popular islands in what year?

The Galapagos; 1832

What moves heat from the tropics to the poles?

The Gulf Stream

The epsilon is a symbol for what?

The cradle of humanity

Issues in the Balkans arose as a result of what?

The fall of communist Yugoslavia

How many Spanish Viceroys were established in South America?

Three

Peru has how many geographic zones?

Three

What are already included in European prices?

Tips and taxes (VAT)

What is Brazil's goal?

To outpace US in food production

_______ is a huge industry for Brazil.

Tourism

What is it called to be very easy to move goods via transport networks and infrastructure?

Transferability

What ended WWI and made Germany pay?

Treaty of Versailles

What military strategy was employed during WWI that did not match the level of technology they had?

Trench warfare

Germany was initially made up of several ______ and _____ families but unified in the late _____ but early _____.

Tribes; Royal; 1800s; 1900s

What is South America mostly made up of?

Tropical Rainforests

What are four major regions of Italy?

Tuscany, Milan, Venice, Piedmont

Who established the NATO?

US

After the Cold War, what country is divided as a result?

Ukraine

What is the largest European country in area?

Ukraine

Where is Great Britain located?

United Kingdom

What country did Guyana become independent from and when?

United Kingdom; 1966

What later replaced the League of Nations?

United Nations

The Andean West Region is rich with what exactly?

Untapped resources (oil, minerals)

The Roman empire created _____________ and ____________.

Urban areas; Trade routes

The population is highly _________ with __% of the population living in an _____ area.

Urbanized; 75; Urban

Italy has a rich, __________ North and a poor, _______ South.

Urbanized; Rural

Chile exports a lot of what to the US?

Vegetables

The future of _________ is unknown due to social unrest.

Venezuela

What country has a murder rate ten times higher than the US?

Venezuela

_________ contains the world's tallest waterfall called ___________.

Venezuela; Angel Falls

What states did Simon Bolivar help free?

Venezuela; New Granada (Colombia); Ecuador; Bolivia

What was formed to help the crown control populations in territories around the globe?

Vice Royalty

What and when was the "War to End All Wars" and "The Great War"?

World War I (July 1914- November 1918)

The Treaty of Versailles was supposed to prevent another world war, but instead lead to what?

World War II

What massively (politically and geographically) changed the layout of Europe?

World War II

WWI showed that US, though neutral at the start of the war, was a what?

World power

The Central Uplands are known as what?

"The heart of Europe"

One euro is equivalent to how many USD?

$1.15

What is the annual average income per citizen in Luxembourg?

$109,000

In Moldova, what is the average annual income per citizen?

$3,500

Cultures of the Incan empire were well established by ____ AD.

1000

When did the Crusades begin?

1095 AD

When were the European Crusades?

11th-13th Century

How many countries does South America have?

12

When was the Iron age?

1200 BCE to AD

Brazil has __ cities with over ___________ people.

13; one million

How many people live in Ecuador?

14.7 million

In what period were Spain, Portugal, France, Holland, and England powers?

1400-1800

What period did the colonial government undertaken by Europe all over the world occur?

1400-1945

When did the Renaissance begin?

1400s-1600s

When did the Spanish arrive and enslave the Incan Empire?

1531

How many states does Germany contain today?

16

When and where did the Agrarian Revolution occur?

1750s Europe

When did England dominate early modern Europe?

1800+

Independence from Europe happened in the _____________?

1800s to 19000s

Brazil became independent in ____ when Napoleon invaded ________.

1822; Portugal

The IMF includes how many countries?

188

When was WWII?

1939-1945

___________ Africans live in Brazil today.

198 million

When did Venezuela have a poor economy and what happened as a result?

1990s; Devalued Venezuelan dollar and social unrest

Cartels almost overthrew the government in what year?

1999

How many people live in Paris?

2.2 million

___ of Luxembourg are mostly computer workers and foreign nationals.

2/3

The Sierra produces what percentage of the world's gold?

20%

What is the population of Brazil and how can it be described?

200 million; diverse

What years were Montenegro, Kosovo, Croatia created?

2006; 2008; 1991

When and who created the United Socialist Party of Venezuela?

2007; Hugh Chavez

When was the South American Union founded?

2008

More than __% of Earth's oxygen is produced in _____________.

20; South America

The Andes are _____ feet high and ____ miles long. (Compared to the Rockies which are only 3,000 miles long)

23,000; 4,300

How many countries are int the EU today?

28

How many people live in Venezuela?

29.7 million

How many people live in Peru and what fraction of this number are Amerindian?

30.4 million; 1/2

Peru is along _____ miles of South American _____.

3000; coast

The desert coast has __ oases that produce ______, ______, and __________.

40; citrus; olives; vegetables

How many people live in Argentina?

41.3 million

What is the December average temperature for London?

42 Degrees Fahrenheit

How long is South America?

4750 miles

There are ___ different languages in __ major Indo-European families.

49; 11

When did the Roman empire collapse?

500 AD

The UN started with __ states and now has ___ countries.

51; 193

__% (most )of the South American population speaks __________.

51; Portuguese

Europe contains _% of the world's land but has __% of the world's countries.

5; 20

__% speak Spanish in Bolivia.

60

What is Italy's population?

60.5 million

What is the population of the European continent and what percentage of the world is it?

600 million; 11%

How many countries were involved in WWII?

61

What is the UK's population?

62.7 million

How many people live in France?

64 million

__% of Brazil's population is Catholic.

70

How many people live in Germany?

82 million

How many people were killed in WWII and how many were Russian?

85 million; 21 million

What percentage of the German population is urbanized?

89%

How many people were killed during WWI in Europe?

9 million

Bolivia has a __% illiteracy rate.

90

Chile is __ miles wide but ____ miles long.

90; 2500

__% of indigenous people died of _______ and ____________________________.

90; Disease; Dangerous working conditions

__% of Argentina's population lives in an urban environment.

91

From what two regions did people predominantly move to Europe from?

Africa and Asia

Mechanic and fertilizer, crop rotation, potatoes/tomatoes, increased food production, and sustained population increase were all a result of what?

Agrarian Revolution

What was based on new agricultural innovations?

Agrarian Revolution

Moldova's entire economy is based on what?

Agriculture

In order of importance, what are three sectors of the South American economy?

Agriculture, manufacturing, and oil production

What are Brazil's common exports for manufacturing?

Airplanes, footwear/clothing, electrical equipment

Incas predominantly lived in areas called what?

Altiplanos

What is the second longest river in the world and where is it mostly located?

Amazon Basin; Brazil

The Selva is mostly what?

Amazon Rainforest

Bolivia has a large ___________ population.

Amerindian

What is the world's longest mountain range?

Andes

In Colombia, where does the population tend to congregate?

Andes Mountains

What are six things the Roman empire produced?

Aqueducts, roads, coliseum, plumbing, brick roads, currency

What country is second in area to Brazil?

Argentina

Spain relinquished what lands when?

Argentina (1816); Chile (1818); Peru (1821)

Where did the Spanish spread their colonies for mining?

Argentina, Bolivia, Uruguay

The Southern Cone includes what countries?

Argentina, Chile, and Uruguay

________ is one of the most diverse with ____ different climate zones.

Argentina; five

In some cases, cartels have their own what to fight governments?

Army

What are four examples of city states?

Athens, Sparta, Washington DC, Vatican

What did the League of Nations lack?

Authority and control

What is Germany's interstate system called?

Autobahn

What was the major goal of the UN that included human rights, diplomacy over conflicts, and avoiding genocide?

Avoid WWIII

What were the two powers of WWII?

Axis and Allied

What are grown in Ecuador?

Bananas, cattle, and coffee

The Galapagos are known for their interesting __________ and _______________ was known to have visited these islands.

Biodiversity; Charles Darwin

What is lightning warfare?

Blitzkrieg

What country has no official language?

Bolivia

What three drinks are popular in Europe?

Booze, coffee, and tea

Who was the troublemaker after the fall of Yugoslavia?

Bosnia

What type of forests does Europe mostly contain?

Both deciduous and pine temperate forests

In what country does most of the South American population live?

Brazil

What country is known as the powerhouse of South America?

Brazil


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