Introduction to World Geography Exam #2
What is the fifth largest country in the world?
Brazil
Where did half of all the slaves of the Americas end up?
Brazil
Where was the 2016 Olympics held?
Brazil
Most oil production is found in what two South American countries?
Brazil and Venezuela
Uruguay became independent from ______ and ________ in ____.
Brazil; Argentina; 1828
_____ has won more World Cups than any other country with ____ titles.
Brazil; Five
What physical region is comprised of several small mountain ranges?
Brazilian Highlands
Textiles, steam power (boats, trains), Iron-making (furnaces, ships, stoves, cannons, weapons) all originated where?
Britain
What is the capitol of the EU?
Brussels
When did monarchy start to fall in Europe?
By the end of the Industrial Revolution
Hugh Chavez died of ______ in ____.
Cancer; 2012
Who fights for the control of trade, network, and growing cocoa plants?
Cartels
What is a popular religion of Venezuela?
Catholicism
What two groups experience tension in Europe?
Catholics and Protestants
There is a conflict between the __________ and ____________ in Ireland which lead to the ______________________ (IRA).
Catholics; Protestants; Irish Republican Army
What are the four geographic regions of Europe?
Central Uplands, Alpine Mountains, Western Uplands, Northern European Lowlands
What did two things did the EU create in 1999?
Central bank and currency
Four main examples for manufacturing in South America are what?
Chemicals, electronics, textiles, biofuels
What is England's national dish?
Chicken tikka masala
What is the longest North to South country in the world?
Chile
Most people working in factories during the Industrial Revolution didn't have a ______ because if they __________, they would get ________.
Choice; Complained; Replaced
As a product of the crusades, what are Europe's religious roots?
Christian
What are two failed examples of separation of church and state?
Church of England; Vatican
What provides an increased chance of making money, better education, and more "things to do"?
Cities
What is a city with its own government that controls territory to form an independent state?
City state
Western Greece was the oldest European _______________.
Civilization
The size of South America allows it to have a variety of ________ and __________.
Climates; Vegetation
What are three examples of complementarity?
Coal in Britain for cars in Germany, Norway lumber, Greece cotton
In the Caribbean North Region, where does most of the population live?
Coast
Where does most of the South American population live?
Coasts
What is Colombia's largest export?
Coffee
What are nine of Brazil's common agricultural exports?
Coffee, soybeans, wheat, rice, corn, sugarcane, cocoa, citrus, and beef
What is examples of the high levels of corruption in South America?
Colombian drug trade
What is a territorial development strategy where a territory is occupied by a foreign government?
Colonialism
The Incan empire was a ___________ of cultures.
Combination
Moldova has a __________ economy.
Communist
What is the idea of excess products and goods being shared with others within the realm given the need?
Complementarity
What (other than gold) does the Sierra produce?
Copper, zinc, lead
What two things do slums produce?
Crime and disease
A modern nation state gives what to a group of humans?
Cultural identity
The Northern European Lowlands are ______________________________.
Culturally diverse and complex
What was the capitol of the Incan empire?
Cuzco, Peru
In the aftermath of WWII, ______________ of lands occurred (India, Asia, Africa), new _________ were drawn (_______ was created), the ____ War and the _______ Race were developing, and four major organizations (The UN, European Union, IMF, and _____) were formed.
Decolonization; Countries; Israel; Cold; Nuclear; NATO
What was a political result of the rebellion against monarchy?
Democracy/Parliament systems
Since adopting a _________ in ____, Brazil's economy has been doing _____.
Democracy; 1989; Well
Greece was a ________ and a ________.
Democracy; Republic
What are the three zones of Peru?
Desert Coast; Sierra; Selva
South America is unevenly ________ which is only contained to ______, _____, and ___________ urban areas (______).
Developed; Brazil; Chile; Argentina's
The East and the West of Europe are vastly _________.
Different
Rome was home to Latin, a language that lead to some of the world's most _________ languages (Romantics).
Dominant
Who did Suriname become independent from and when?
Dutch; 1975
What helped growth in infrastructure, flow of money, and labor and goods?
EU
When and where did monarchs had absolute power with few given to the people?
Early Europe
As a part of the Ring of Fire, Chile experiences lots of what?
Earthquakes
What climate is Europe's similar to?
Eastern US
The Mercosur is an ________ bloc with ______ states and __________.
Economic; Member; Associate
Germany has the largest _______ in Europe.
Economy
The South American Union is not quite _________ because of ___________________, fight for ___________________, and countries' lack of ________.
Effective; Political Posturing; Control of resources; Interest
Transferability exhibits small area ___________.
Efficiency
Who is the US's global ally?
England
What are the four regions of the United Kingdom?
England, Scotland, Wales, Northern Ireland
Where did the Industrial Revolution start and move to?
England; US (post Civil War)
What are the two national languages of Ireland?
English and Gaelic
Ecuador is situated directly over the what?
Equator
There was a what war and a population of what during the fall of Yugoslavia?
Ethnic; 7.2 million
Ireland uses which currency?
Euro
What is the central currency of the EU called and what Greek symbol represents it?
Euro; Epsilon
The EU was produced by whom?
Europe
After WWII, West Germany was a part of _______ and East Germany was a part of ______.
Europe; Russia
Western front was in _______ and Eastern front was in ______ during WWI.
Europe; Russia
What are Venezuela's resources in the Highlands?
Farming and cattle grazing
Brazil is rich in what three things?
Farmland, tropical rainforests, and untapped resources
What was a result of the Treaty of Versailles?
Fascism and nationalism grew in Germany
What are poor homes for war survivors in South America called?
Favelas
What is an example of the disparity between the rich and poor?
Favelas
Where do most people live in Ecuador?
Fertile valleys along the Pacific Coast
What was notable about WWI?
First war to use chemical weapons
The Gulf Stream moves water from _______ to ______ and controls the European climate ____________ by __________ it.
Florida; Europe; Dramatically, Moderating
South America is the ______ largest continent by land mass.
Fourth
What is the oldest state in Europe?
France
Who does French Guiana currently remain under control of?
France
Who is the biggest agriculture producer in Europe producing crops such as cattle, grapes (wine), and cheese?
France
What country contains the tallest mountain in Europe and what is the mountain called?
France; Mount Blanc
The conquest of the Incan empire was led by whom?
Francisco Pizarro
The purpose of Mercosur is to promote __________ and the ______________ of goods, people, and currency.
Free trade; Fluid movement
What ended the absolute power of monarchs in Europe in the late 1700s?
French Revolution
Tribes of ______ and ______ moved from ______, ____, and the ___________ to Europe.
German; Slavic; Africa; Asia; Middle East
Which European population has the largest population?
Germany
What are two main exports of French Guyana?
Gold and seafood
What are four natural resources that South America is rich in?
Gold, timber, water, oil
City populations have _____ steadily since _____.
Grown; 1950
Where do most people in Venezuela live and close to what?
Highlands close to resources
What are examples of infrastructure that the South American Union is trying to establish?
Highways, high speed rail, canal system
Who rose to power in Venezuela in 1998?
Hugh Chavez
__________ caused tensions with US.
Hugh Chavez
___________ remained neutral in drug wars , traded with Cuba, and threatened to stop commerce with the US.
Hugh Chavez
Who wrote a new constitution for Venezuela and what two things was it focused on?
Hugh Chavez; Social and economic inequality
What established to help rebuild economies after WWII and to help avoid another Great Depression?
IMF
What organization's main goals were to develop financial stability, grow international trade, and reduce poverty?
IMF
What provides guidance to central banks and analysis of economic trends globally and aid to help fight poverty?
IMF
"Vice" is Latin for ___________ and "Roi" is French for ____.
In place of; King
The Sierra contains remnants of the ______ culture.
Incan
The _______ were very advanced for their times having built huge _________, _____, and _______ in the mountains; practiced _______ and were great ________ strategists; and _________ (a form of agriculture).
Incas; Buildings; Roads; Bridges; Surgery; Military; Terracing
The French and American Revolutions spurred ____________ in South America and made Spain _______.
Indepence; Nervous
General exploitations such as child labor, long working hours, poor safety, and very low pay were characteristics of what?
Industrial Revolution
Technical innovations such as use of new materials (steel, iron, chemicals), usage of thermal energy to produce mechanical energy, mechanized labor that replaced human and animal labor, production (factories), and transportation (rail) were characteristics of what?
Industrial Revolution
What does IMF stand for?
International Monetary Fund
What city is located in the Selva and how can it only be reached?
Iquitos; traversing the 2300 mile Amazon River
Who has the quickest growing economy in Europe?
Ireland
_________ gained independence from the UK in the EU.
Ireland
What are Brazil's common exports for mining?
Iron, oil, natural gas, gold
What religion is increasing in southeastern Europe?
Islam
Argentina is mostly Spanish but heavily influenced by which two European countries?
Italians and Germans
What was the order of the feudal system (most to least powerful)?
King, tenants, knights, peasants
The Renaissance sparked the desire to gain _________ and formally _________ territory as being owned as well as cities _______ rapidly.
Knowledge; Recognize; Growing
Sicily is the origin of what Sicilian Mafia?
La Costa Nostra
_______________ was a result of extensive mining in South America.
Land Alienation
Moldova is geographically what?
Landlocked
Sometimes, (four weeks of) vacation is necessary under what in Europe?
Law
How much of the population is urban?
Less than 80%
Europeans work _____ and ________ more.
Less; Vacation
What city is located in the Desert Coast of Peru and how old is it?
Lima; 500 years old
What meal is a bigger deal than dinner in Europe?
Lunch
Small size in area and people makes what country easier to manage?
Luxembourg
What is the richest country in Europe?
Luxembourg
What is the name of the Incan hidden civilization that was never found by the Spaniards?
Machu Picchu
What was the principle mission of the League of Nations?
Maintain World Peace
In Europe, cars are mostly ___________________ and _____ while cars in the US are typically _______________________ and ____.
Manual transmission; Small; Automatic transmission; Huge
Milan-Turin-Genoa Triangle is heavy in what?
Manufacturing
Germany is a leader in Europe for what two things?
Manufacturing and economic stability
What are two ways one can gain dual nationality?
Marriage and expatriation
The US gave Europe $13 billion to help rebuild both physical, economic, and political sectors (to keep communism at bay) during the _________ Plan.
Marshall
How are the countries of the Southern Cone tied together?
Mercosur
What is the "Southern Common Market"?
Mercosur
What is largest city in Italy?
Milan
Russia needs access to the ocean and resources of Ukraine as factors of what two major aspects?
Military and Economic
What is huge in Chile?
Mining copper
The conquistadors used the _____ system for their benefit.
Mit'a
What country has the poorest economy in Europe?
Moldova
What is the climate in Europe like?
Mostly mild; Cool to cold winters and warm to hot summers
_________ in East, ____________ in West.
Mountains; Amazon Basin
The Southern Cone is physically diverse with _________ in the West and ______ in the East.
Mountains; Pampas
What types of people mostly make up Macedonia, Montenegro, and Kosovo?
Muslims; Serbs; Refugees
What helped Europe militarily against the Soviet Union?
NATO
What is more focused on terrorism, weapons of mass destruction, and cyber security globally (not just Europe) today?
NATO
_________ are the next largest export of Colombia with __% of _______ coming from Colombia.
Narcotics; 70; cocaine
What was the 19th century concept that led to the creation of the modern nation state?
Nationalism
Nations were formed as a result of what?
Nationality
What protects you legally internationally, makes you follow the laws of the state you are from, and is automatically given when you are born?
Nationality
What were the four ages of European development in order from earliest to latest?
Neolithic, Copper, Bronze, and Iron
What does NATO stand for and when was it established?
North Atlantic Treaty Organization; 1949
What three bodies of water surround the UK?
North Sea, English channel, and Atlantic Ocean
Russia needs access to what through the Ukraine?
Ocean and resources
What are the two leading exports of Ecuador?
Oil and Seafood
The Western Uplands are very ___ geographically.
Old
Balkans, Hungary, Turkey, became free of what empire?
Ottoman
What are the large, flat grassland areas of Argentina called?
Pampas
What are considered the "Great Plains" of South America and where are they primarily located?
Pampas; Argentina
The EU allows citizens to move between countries for work without what?
Passports
Technically, what is Europe of Asia?
Peninsula
Where were the Spanish Viceroys in South America and what dates?
Peru (1542-1824), New Grenada (1717-1819), Rio de la Plata (1776-1814)
What countries are part of the Andean West region?
Peru, Ecuador, Bolivia, Paraguay
In the Caribbean North Region, what type of lifestyle is exhibited in what countries?
Plantation; Guyana, Suriname, and French Guyana
______________________ is present in most South American countries.
Political Instability
Cartels influence what three things?
Political system, army, and police
Colonialism is often what?
Politically religious and racially driven
Sicily is very _____ and _______________.
Poor; Underdeveloped
Which Pope plead for war on the Muslims (Saracen) to recover Jerusalem (Holy land)?
Pope Urban II
The __________ took over the indigenous populations in Brazil.
Portuguese
What was a major South American mining city?
Potosi
Brazil can be a center for what?
Poverty
In Ukraine, the East is ___________ and the West is __________.
Pro-Russia; Pro-Europe
With the EU, taxes in ___________ countries were given to ____ countries.
Prosperous; Poor
What do the Alpine Mountains include?
Pyrenees to Balkan Mountains and includes most of Mediterranean
The __________ and _______ are major parts of the Brazilian economy.
Rainforests; beaches
France, Germany, Russia, Poland, and Scandinavia started supplying ___materials and eventually became involved in the ______________________.
Raw; Industrial Revolution
The major goal of the EU was to what?
Rebuild European economy
Brazil is a powerhouse in what three things in South America?
Resources, people, geographic area
Due to economic disparity, the ____ are in the West and the ____ are in the East (______________).
Rich; Poor: Slavic nations
What are six things Greece saw the rise of?
Rise of science, philosophy , government, art, formal writing, math
What five developments did the Bronze age witness?
Sailing, trade, navigation, Stonehenge was built, writing developed
In Europe, __________ is on the rise.
Secularism
NATO is more concerned with what than economics?
Security
What did democracy and parliament systems attempt to do with religion?
Separation of church and state
When and how did WWII start?
September 1939 when Germany invaded Poland
What region contains a very poor population of mostly miner workers?
Sierra
What did the Spanish force the Incas to mine and created a huge wealth for them?
Silver
____________ (aka the "Great el Libertador" helped _________________.
Simon Bolivar; free other states
What four developments did the Copper age witness and when?
Simple shields, modest swords, axes, armors in 5,000 BCE
What four developments did the Neolithic age witness and when?
Simple stone tools, spears, fire, domestication of animals in 10,000 BCE
The South American Union is trying to establish a _______________, shared _______, easier ________ passage for _______, and build a better ______________.
Single currency; Defense; Passport; Members; Infrastructure
Unlike the Spanish, what did Portugal not have to help with plantation work and mining?
Slaves
Europe is the ________ continent in area with ___________ square miles.
Smallest; 3.9 million
What is the national sport of Brazil?
Soccer
The Industrial Revolution lead to a lot of what?
Social Inequality
What is the longest continent from North to South?
South America
Moldova, a new country, is former what territory?
Soviet
Of what descent is Venezuela primarily?
Spanish
Bolivia's population is currently divided how for a clash of culture and fight for power?
Spanish (East) vs. Amerindians (West)
What was the result of the rise of religion?
Squashed science and art; Crusades
Luxembourg's government is very ______.
Stable
The Industrial Revolution (1750-1850) was not a ______ event.
Sudden
What was the huge crop of Brazil?
Sugar
Three main crops for South American agriculture are what?
Sugar, soy beans, coffee
What is a voluntary association in economic, political, and cultural spheres of 3 or more nations who are willing to give over sovereignty for mutual benefit?
Super nationalism
The EU wanted to reduce trade _______ between ________ countries.
Tariffs; European
What result of World War I lead to tanks, guns, aircraft, communication, and submarines?
Technology growth
Where is most of the Amerindian population located today?
The Andean West Region
Ecuador annexed what popular islands in what year?
The Galapagos; 1832
What moves heat from the tropics to the poles?
The Gulf Stream
The epsilon is a symbol for what?
The cradle of humanity
Issues in the Balkans arose as a result of what?
The fall of communist Yugoslavia
How many Spanish Viceroys were established in South America?
Three
Peru has how many geographic zones?
Three
What are already included in European prices?
Tips and taxes (VAT)
What is Brazil's goal?
To outpace US in food production
_______ is a huge industry for Brazil.
Tourism
What is it called to be very easy to move goods via transport networks and infrastructure?
Transferability
What ended WWI and made Germany pay?
Treaty of Versailles
What military strategy was employed during WWI that did not match the level of technology they had?
Trench warfare
Germany was initially made up of several ______ and _____ families but unified in the late _____ but early _____.
Tribes; Royal; 1800s; 1900s
What is South America mostly made up of?
Tropical Rainforests
What are four major regions of Italy?
Tuscany, Milan, Venice, Piedmont
Who established the NATO?
US
After the Cold War, what country is divided as a result?
Ukraine
What is the largest European country in area?
Ukraine
Where is Great Britain located?
United Kingdom
What country did Guyana become independent from and when?
United Kingdom; 1966
What later replaced the League of Nations?
United Nations
The Andean West Region is rich with what exactly?
Untapped resources (oil, minerals)
The Roman empire created _____________ and ____________.
Urban areas; Trade routes
The population is highly _________ with __% of the population living in an _____ area.
Urbanized; 75; Urban
Italy has a rich, __________ North and a poor, _______ South.
Urbanized; Rural
Chile exports a lot of what to the US?
Vegetables
The future of _________ is unknown due to social unrest.
Venezuela
What country has a murder rate ten times higher than the US?
Venezuela
_________ contains the world's tallest waterfall called ___________.
Venezuela; Angel Falls
What states did Simon Bolivar help free?
Venezuela; New Granada (Colombia); Ecuador; Bolivia
What was formed to help the crown control populations in territories around the globe?
Vice Royalty
What and when was the "War to End All Wars" and "The Great War"?
World War I (July 1914- November 1918)
The Treaty of Versailles was supposed to prevent another world war, but instead lead to what?
World War II
What massively (politically and geographically) changed the layout of Europe?
World War II
WWI showed that US, though neutral at the start of the war, was a what?
World power
The Central Uplands are known as what?
"The heart of Europe"
One euro is equivalent to how many USD?
$1.15
What is the annual average income per citizen in Luxembourg?
$109,000
In Moldova, what is the average annual income per citizen?
$3,500
Cultures of the Incan empire were well established by ____ AD.
1000
When did the Crusades begin?
1095 AD
When were the European Crusades?
11th-13th Century
How many countries does South America have?
12
When was the Iron age?
1200 BCE to AD
Brazil has __ cities with over ___________ people.
13; one million
How many people live in Ecuador?
14.7 million
In what period were Spain, Portugal, France, Holland, and England powers?
1400-1800
What period did the colonial government undertaken by Europe all over the world occur?
1400-1945
When did the Renaissance begin?
1400s-1600s
When did the Spanish arrive and enslave the Incan Empire?
1531
How many states does Germany contain today?
16
When and where did the Agrarian Revolution occur?
1750s Europe
When did England dominate early modern Europe?
1800+
Independence from Europe happened in the _____________?
1800s to 19000s
Brazil became independent in ____ when Napoleon invaded ________.
1822; Portugal
The IMF includes how many countries?
188
When was WWII?
1939-1945
___________ Africans live in Brazil today.
198 million
When did Venezuela have a poor economy and what happened as a result?
1990s; Devalued Venezuelan dollar and social unrest
Cartels almost overthrew the government in what year?
1999
How many people live in Paris?
2.2 million
___ of Luxembourg are mostly computer workers and foreign nationals.
2/3
The Sierra produces what percentage of the world's gold?
20%
What is the population of Brazil and how can it be described?
200 million; diverse
What years were Montenegro, Kosovo, Croatia created?
2006; 2008; 1991
When and who created the United Socialist Party of Venezuela?
2007; Hugh Chavez
When was the South American Union founded?
2008
More than __% of Earth's oxygen is produced in _____________.
20; South America
The Andes are _____ feet high and ____ miles long. (Compared to the Rockies which are only 3,000 miles long)
23,000; 4,300
How many countries are int the EU today?
28
How many people live in Venezuela?
29.7 million
How many people live in Peru and what fraction of this number are Amerindian?
30.4 million; 1/2
Peru is along _____ miles of South American _____.
3000; coast
The desert coast has __ oases that produce ______, ______, and __________.
40; citrus; olives; vegetables
How many people live in Argentina?
41.3 million
What is the December average temperature for London?
42 Degrees Fahrenheit
How long is South America?
4750 miles
There are ___ different languages in __ major Indo-European families.
49; 11
When did the Roman empire collapse?
500 AD
The UN started with __ states and now has ___ countries.
51; 193
__% (most )of the South American population speaks __________.
51; Portuguese
Europe contains _% of the world's land but has __% of the world's countries.
5; 20
__% speak Spanish in Bolivia.
60
What is Italy's population?
60.5 million
What is the population of the European continent and what percentage of the world is it?
600 million; 11%
How many countries were involved in WWII?
61
What is the UK's population?
62.7 million
How many people live in France?
64 million
__% of Brazil's population is Catholic.
70
How many people live in Germany?
82 million
How many people were killed in WWII and how many were Russian?
85 million; 21 million
What percentage of the German population is urbanized?
89%
How many people were killed during WWI in Europe?
9 million
Bolivia has a __% illiteracy rate.
90
Chile is __ miles wide but ____ miles long.
90; 2500
__% of indigenous people died of _______ and ____________________________.
90; Disease; Dangerous working conditions
__% of Argentina's population lives in an urban environment.
91
From what two regions did people predominantly move to Europe from?
Africa and Asia
Mechanic and fertilizer, crop rotation, potatoes/tomatoes, increased food production, and sustained population increase were all a result of what?
Agrarian Revolution
What was based on new agricultural innovations?
Agrarian Revolution
Moldova's entire economy is based on what?
Agriculture
In order of importance, what are three sectors of the South American economy?
Agriculture, manufacturing, and oil production
What are Brazil's common exports for manufacturing?
Airplanes, footwear/clothing, electrical equipment
Incas predominantly lived in areas called what?
Altiplanos
What is the second longest river in the world and where is it mostly located?
Amazon Basin; Brazil
The Selva is mostly what?
Amazon Rainforest
Bolivia has a large ___________ population.
Amerindian
What is the world's longest mountain range?
Andes
In Colombia, where does the population tend to congregate?
Andes Mountains
What are six things the Roman empire produced?
Aqueducts, roads, coliseum, plumbing, brick roads, currency
What country is second in area to Brazil?
Argentina
Spain relinquished what lands when?
Argentina (1816); Chile (1818); Peru (1821)
Where did the Spanish spread their colonies for mining?
Argentina, Bolivia, Uruguay
The Southern Cone includes what countries?
Argentina, Chile, and Uruguay
________ is one of the most diverse with ____ different climate zones.
Argentina; five
In some cases, cartels have their own what to fight governments?
Army
What are four examples of city states?
Athens, Sparta, Washington DC, Vatican
What did the League of Nations lack?
Authority and control
What is Germany's interstate system called?
Autobahn
What was the major goal of the UN that included human rights, diplomacy over conflicts, and avoiding genocide?
Avoid WWIII
What were the two powers of WWII?
Axis and Allied
What are grown in Ecuador?
Bananas, cattle, and coffee
The Galapagos are known for their interesting __________ and _______________ was known to have visited these islands.
Biodiversity; Charles Darwin
What is lightning warfare?
Blitzkrieg
What country has no official language?
Bolivia
What three drinks are popular in Europe?
Booze, coffee, and tea
Who was the troublemaker after the fall of Yugoslavia?
Bosnia
What type of forests does Europe mostly contain?
Both deciduous and pine temperate forests
In what country does most of the South American population live?
Brazil
What country is known as the powerhouse of South America?
Brazil
