IS 340 Final Exam

Information systems are combinations of ________ that people build and use to collect, create, and distribute useful data, typically in organizational settings

-hardware -software -telecommunications networks

Which of the following statements about just-in-time strategies is true?

Companies using this strategy are trying to optimize their ordering quantities such that parts or raw material arrive just when they are needed for production.

________ are new technologies, products, or services that eventually surpass the existing dominant technology or product in a market

Disruptive innovations

________ support the important internal activities of the organization for producing their products and services

ERP core components

Which of the following actions explains mass customization?

Firms tailor their products and services to meet a customer's particular needs on a large scale

Which of the following is a weakness of the global business strategy?

Inability to react to local market conditions

________________ : The hardware, software, communication and collaboration networks, data, facilities, and human resources used by organizations to support their decision making, business processes, and competitive strategy

Information systems infrastructure

Which of the following statements is true about the online analytic processing cube?

It is a data structure allowing for multiple dimensions to be added to a traditional two-dimensional table

Business intelligence is

It is the use of information systems to gather and analyze information from internal and external sources in order to make better business decisions

Which of the following encoding formats is the standard coding for e-mail over the Internet?

MIME

The prediction that the number of transistors on a chip would double about every two years is known as ________

Moore's law

Which of the following input technologies has been historically used for entering text and numbers on computers?

QWERTY keyboard

________ refers to the design of business models that reintroduce middlemen in order to reduce the challenges brought on by dealing directly with customers

Reintermediation

of the following is an example of business-to-consumer electronic commerce?

Reuben buys a shoe on Yebhi.com

Which of the following statements is true about open source software?

These programs' source code is freely available for use and/or modification

Which of the following is true for tangible costs?

They are relatively easy to quantify.

Which of the following statements is true about firms pursuing a home-replication strategy?

They focus on their domestic customers' needs and wants and merely export their products to generate additional sales

Which type of information system is used to support day-to-day business event data at the operational level of the organization?

Transaction processing system

____________ is the process of analyzing an organization's activities to determine where value is added to products and/or services and what costs are incurred for doing so

Value chain analysis

____________ : The utility that the product/service has to offer to customers. (Component of a Business Model)

Value proposition

Which of the following is one of the two main objectives of information systems that focus on improving supply chains (SCM)?

accelerating product development and innovation

With reference to assessing value for the IS infrastructure, architectural value is derived from ________

an investment's ability to extend the infrastructure's capabilities to meet business needs today and in the future

Organizations that effectively utilize ________ can more easily customize marketing campaigns from the segment level to even the individual customer

analytical CRM

Which of the following explains Web analytics?

analyzing Web surfers' behavior in order to improve Web site performance

Taking entities as tables, each column is a(n) ________

attribute

Doing things faster is associated with information systems for

automating

A ________ strategy can also be referred to as a middle-of-the-road strategy

best-cost provider

Which of the following Web 2.0 applications has been classified as the "amateurization" of journalism?

blogs

Companies following a ________ business strategy choose to operate solely in the traditional physical markets

brick-and-mortar

________ is a systematic, structured improvement approach by all or part of an organization whereby people critically examine, rethink, and redesign business processes in order to achieve dramatic improvements in one or more performance measures, such as quality, cycle time, or cost

business process management

_____________ are the activities organizations perform in order to reach their business goals, including core activities that transform inputs and produce outputs, and supporting activities that enable the core activities to take place

business processes

In service-oriented architecture, ________

business processes are broken down into individual components or services

Electronic commerce is used to conduct business with business partners such as suppliers and intermediaries. This form of EC is commonly referred to as ________ electronic commerce

business-to-business

__________ are referred to as virtual companies because they have no physical stores

click-only

A major benefit of social software is the ability to harness the "wisdom of crowds," which is also referred to as ________

collective intelligence

The ability to independently learn new technologies as they emerge and assess their impact on your work and life is called ________

computer fluency

Which of following factors differentiates asynchronous communication from synchronous communication?

coordination in time

________ is a phenomenon where companies use everyday people as a cheap labor force

crowdsourcing

________ integrates data from various operational systems

data warehouse

In DBMS, data are kept separate from the applications' programming code. This means that ________

database does not need to be changed if a change is made to an application

_____________ are collections of related data organized in a way that facilitates data searches

databases

Information accessibility focuses on

defining what information a person or organization has the right to obtain about others

The gap between those individuals in our society who are computer literate and have access to information resources like the Internet and those who do not is referred to as the

digital divide

The phenomenon of cutting out the "middleman" and reaching customers more directly and efficiently is known as ________

disintermediation

________ focuses on delivering products or services to consumers as well as warehousing, delivering, invoicing, and payment collection

distribution planning

A(n) ________ information flow relates to the information that is produced by a company and sent along to another organization

downstream

Prior to the introduction of the Internet and Web, the secure communication of proprietary information in business-to-business electronic commerce was facilitated using ________

electronic data interchange

System efficiency is the extent to which a system ________

enables people to do things faster or at lower cost

________ tools help a company in the execution of the CRM strategy by improving the management of promotional campaigns

enterprise marketing management

A(n) ________ is an integrated suite of business applications for virtually every department, process, and industry, allowing companies to integrate information across operations on a company-wide basis using one large database

enterprise system

A common way to represent a data model is a(n) ________

entity-relationship diagram

A common way to represent a data model is a(n) ________.

entity-relationship diagram

A(n) ________ occurs if a read/write head for some reason touches one of the disks in a hard drive, leading to a loss of data

head crash

A break-even analysis ________

identifies at what point tangible benefits equal tangible costs

A long unformatted number might be a phone number, a social security number, or a bank account number. When dashes, commas, or some other formatting features are added, the number becomes useful and meaningful. Thus, data has been transformed into:

information

Which of the following facilitates real-time written conversations?

instant messaging

A(n) ________ is a type of program that translates a program's source code into machine language and executes one statement at a time

interpreter

Human resource activities

is classified as a support activity since the primary activities cannot be accomplished without the employees to perform them

A ________ is a professional who is relatively well educated and creates, modifies, and/or synthesizes knowledge as a fundamental part of his/her job

knowledge worker

Which of the following scanning technologies is used by the banking industry to read data, account numbers, bank codes, and check numbers on preprinted checks?

magnetic ink character recognition

In the ________ process, goods are produced based on forecasts and are stored in a warehouse and sales orders are then fulfilled from the inventory

make-to-stock

In the ________ process, goods are produced based on forecasts and are stored in a warehouse and sales orders are then fulfilled from the inventory.

make-to-stock

________ is the distribution of digital media, such as audio or video files via syndication feeds for playback on digital media players

netcasting

To finalize the data model in order to actually build the database, a process called ________ is used to make sure the database will operate efficiently

normalization

Which of the following refers to having certain functions performed by the same company but in a different country?

offshoring

________ is the creation of goods or services by self-organizing communities

peer production

The processes associated with the acquiring of goods from external vendors are together referred to as the ________ process

procure-to-pay

Procedures that different computers follow when they transmit and receive data are called:

protocols

Processing logic is often expressed in ________, which is independent of the actual programming language being used

pseudocode

________ is the ability of a web site to attract and keep visitors

stickiness

______ decisions can be programmed directly into operational information systems so that they can be made with little or no human intervention.

structured

The term ________ is commonly used to refer to a collection of companies and processes involved in moving a product from the suppliers of raw materials to the customer

supply chain

________ is the extent to which a company's supply chain is focusing on minimizing procurement, production, and transportation costs, sometimes by sacrificing excellent customer service

supply chain efficiency

________ involves the development of various resource plans to support the efficient and effective production of goods and services

supply chain planning

The process of connecting separate information systems and data to improve business processes and decision making is known as ________

systems integration

________ is the collection of programs that control the basic operations of computer hardware

systems software

The managerial level of the organization is also known as the ________ level

tactical

The network effect refers to the notion that the value of a network is dependent on ________.

the number of other users

The total cost of ownership of a system refers to ________

the total cost of acquisition and all costs associated with use and maintenance of a system

Which of the following statements about an RFID passive tag is true?

they are small and inexpensive

Which of the following statements is true about exception reports?

they highlight situations that are out of the normal range

Any input your computer receives is digitized and then is processed by the CPU. Which of the following explains the meaning of the word "digitized" in the preceding sentence?

translated into binary code

packaged software is

unique to a particular business or organization

________ is a business model in which the suppliers to a manufacturer manage the manufacturer's inventory levels based on preestablished service levels

vendor-managed inventory

In today's business environment, project teams comprise highly specialized members, many of whom are not collocated. ________ are comprised of members from different geographic areas

virtual teams

________ take the concept of real-time communication a step further by allowing people to communicate using avatars

virtual worlds

Using ________, multiple virtual machines, each with its own applications, can be configured to run on one single computer, enabling the IT service providers to better utilize their resources

virtualization

Primary storage is also known as ________

volatile memory

Outsourcing is:

when jobs are performed by employees of another firm, usually at less cost

There are two forms of transmission media used in networks: cable and ________ media

wireless