IS 445 EXAM #1
What is the most common type of dependency between activities?
finish to start
________ are conditions or capabilities that must be met by the project or present in the product, service, or result to satisfy an agreement or other formally imposed specification.
Requirements
A ___________________ is a deliverable oriented grouping of the work involved in a project that defines the total scope of the project.
WBS
The _________________ must be the basis for a project cost estimate if you plan to create a cost baseline and use earned value management as part of monitoring and controlling costs.
WBS
Which is another term for predictive project management?
Waterfall
_______________ refers to a software development methodology that is rigid and follows steps such as requirement analysis, design, development, testing, and implementation. In this methodology, requirements cannot easily be changed by a customer.
Waterfall development
Which of the following statements is true concerning agile project management?
You should first understand and use an agile mindset before trying to implement agile project management
After assigning weights for the criteria and scores for each project, you calculate a weighted score for each project by multiplying the weight for each criterion by its score and ____ the resulting values.
adding
Which of the following are process groups as per PMBOK standard? Select all that apply.
initiating, planning, closing
Which of the following statements is true concerning the financial analysis of projects? Select all that apply.
The higher the net present value the better. A shorter payback period is better than a longer one. ROI is the result of subtracting the project costs from the benefits and then dividing by the costs.
Many organizations find duplicate or unneeded projects after they perform which step in project portfolio management?
putting all projects in one list
The last step in the four stage planning process for projects is ______________________.
resource allocation
Teams should also remember the INVEST rule when writing story cards, where the T stands for ______________.
testable
Which one of the following is not a project financial project selection technique? Select all that apply.
Balanced scorecard
___ estimates involve estimating individual activities and summing them to get a project total.
Bottom-up
In an AOA network diagram, _________ occurs when two or more activities follow a single node.
Bursts
How many outputs are under the "develop project management plan" process?
1
How many knowledge areas are covered under the planning process group?
10
Planning includes tasks related to each of the ________ project management knowledge areas.
10
An average of _________ percent of investment is wasted due to poor project performance, according to PMI's 2020 Pulse of the Profession report.
11.4%
If a project network diagram has 4 paths of lengths equal to 10, 13, 15, and 17 weeks, what is the shortest time to finish the project?
17 weeks
If a project cost is only $100 up front and its annual benefits are $20/year, what is its payback period?
5 years
Assume a student's grade is calculated bassed on two exams, the first exam is worth 60% of the grade and the second is worth 40% of the grade. If the student scored 80% on the first exam and 90% on the second exam, what is the weighted score?
84%
Which of the following formulas is used by Excel to calculate NPV?
=npv(discount rate, range of cash flows)
Which one of the following is NOT an attribute of a project?
A project does not require resources
Which of the following statements is false concerning agile project planning?
A roadmap sets a tactical plan and goals for completing a major undertaking, such as building and releasing a product.
Refer to the diagram in this question. Which of the following is the critical path?
ACEFH
A(n) ______________ normally does not have any cost or duration.
Activity
_______________ is defined as being able to move quickly and easily.
Agile
Which of the following statements is true? A) Agile projects include a detailed schedule for the entire project. B) Agile projects must still consider dependencies between activities. C) Agile projects do not require cost planning. D) Agile projects never use Gantt charts.
B) Agile projects must still consider dependencies between activities.
Every item on a WBS needs to be on the network diagram.
FALSE
From the viewpoint of NPV only, if Project 2 has a higher NPV than Project 1, Project 1 should be chosen.
FALSE
It is poor practice to use more than one approach for creating a cost estimate.
FALSE
Most organizations claim that project management delivers higher profit margins at the expense of worker morale.
FALSE
Most project teams use the most pessimistic time to estimate activity durations.
FALSE
Project charters are normally lengthy documents.
FALSE
Project management process groups are isolated events.
FALSE
Project teams rarely estimate completion dates for milestones early in the scheduling process.
FALSE
The WBS is a peripheral document in project management.
FALSE
The critical path is the shortest path through the network diagram.
FALSE
The goal of the activity definition process is to replace the scope statement.
FALSE
The majority of project management processes occur as part of the executing process group.
FALSE
The project management plan is a deliverable for the project scope management knowledge area.
FALSE
When using the hierarchical four-stage planning process for selecting projects, you must start at the bottom of the pyramid.
FALSE
There are ____ basic attributes of dependencies among project activities
Four
Atlassian ___________ is a popular tool for managing agile projects.
Jira
Which of the following is not a project performance domain according to the PMBOK Guide Seventh Edition?
Leadership
The four categories of factors that are used to select projects based on organization needs are? Select all that apply.
Meeting regulatory, legal, or social requirements. Satisfying stakeholders needs or requests. Implementing or changing business or technological strategies. Creating, improving, or fixing products, processes, or services.
Which of the following is not a PMBOK Knowledge Area?
Monitoring and control
Which of the following statements is true concerning the GCHC project?
Most of the team members would be working virtually
What name is given to a document used to integrate and coordinate all project planning documents and to help guide a project's execution, monitoring, and control, and closure?
Project Management Plan
_______________ is the application of knowledge, skills, tools, and techniques to project activities to meet project requirements.
Project management
Which of the following statements is false concerning the project management profession?
Project managers, program managers, and portfolio managers require the same skillset
Which of the following is part of the 5 Levels of Project Portfolio Management? Select all that apply.
Put all of your projects in one list. Prioritize the projects in your list. Divide your projects into several categories based on types of investment. Automate the list. Apply modern portfolio theory, including risk-return tools that map project risks.
The project team begins to develop a _______ by first clearly defining all the it needs to perform.
Schedule
____________________ are the people involved in or affected by project activities and include the project sponsor, project team, support staff, customers, users, suppliers, and even opponents to the project.
Stakeholders
Which of the following statements is true concerning agile projects?
Story cards facilitate planning and discussion of user stories to help define the scope.
A 2020 report estimated that the global project portfolio management market size would reach USD 11.4 billion by 2027.
TRUE
A tool or technique is much more than a software package.
TRUE
Activity sequencing involves reviewing the activity list and attributes, project scope statement, and milestone list to determine the relationships or dependencies between activities.
TRUE
After you determine the reason for a dependency between activities, you must determine the type of dependency.
TRUE
Applying project management process groups in a consistent, structured fashion increases the chance of project success.
TRUE
Critical chain scheduling considers limited resources when creating a project schedule.
TRUE
Discretionary dependencies are defined by the project team.
TRUE
Duration relates to the time estimate, not the effort estimate.
TRUE
If you assign weights to criteria based on percentage, the sum of all the criteria's weights must total 100 percent.
TRUE
In an incremental approach, each increment builds on top of the previous one.
TRUE
In the past, project management primarily focused on providing schedule and resource data to top management in the military and construction industries.
TRUE
It is good practice to create an assumption log during project initiation.
TRUE
Lag time is a gap in time, such as waiting.
TRUE
Most project management software shows the precedence diagramming method.
TRUE
Organizations - both large and small - cannot undertake most of the potential projects identified because of resource limitations and other constraints.
TRUE
People are more likely to perform well if they know what they are supposed to do and when.
TRUE
The INVESt rule should be followed when writing story cards.
TRUE
The WBS is a required input to the cost budgeting process.
TRUE
The project team should review an activity list and activity attributes with project stakeholders.
TRUE
The term "operations" refers to work done in an organization to sustain a business.
TRUE
There can be more than one critical path on a project.
TRUE
There is a difference between product life cycles and project life cycles.
TRUE
There is usually no cost or duration associated with a milestone.
TRUE
Top management must support the development of project management standards and guidelines and encourage or even enforce their use.
TRUE
You can categorize stakeholders as being unaware, resistant, neutral, supportive, or leading.
TRUE
You need to plan the project scope and determine what activities need to be done before you can develop a detailed project schedule.
TRUE
Which of the following statements is false concerning the financial analysis of projects?
The required rate of return is the discount rate that results in an NPV of zero for the project.
Which of the following is not an output of planning for project integration and scope management for predictive projects?
a project website
What is normally on the back of a story card?
acceptance criteria
Which of the following statements is true? A) demand for projects and project managers continues to decrease B) agile organizations do not respond better to change C) you must have work experience to earn the CAPM credential D) according to PMI's salary survey (2020), professionals with a PMP credential earned 22% more than those without it
according to PMI's salary survey (2020), professionals with a PMP credential earned 22% more than those without it
Using a(n) ______________ approach to developing cost estimates requires a good deal of expert judgement and is generally less costly than others are, but it can also be less accurate.
analogous
A _______________ is a methodology that converts an organization's value drivers - such as customer service, innovation, operational efficiency, and financial performance - into a series of defined metrics.
balanced scorecard.
What name is given to a starting point, a measurement, or an observation that is documented so that it can be used for future comparison?
baseline
What document provides justification for investing in a project?
business case
A rhythm of activities conducted throughout the project is called ____________.
cadence
Because many projects fail due to unclear requirements and expectations, starting with a project ____ makes sense.
charter
______________ is a technique for making cost and schedule trade offs to obtain the greatest amount of schedule compression for the least incremental cost.
crashing
Which of the following was done as part of initiating the GCHC project that is part of the Scrum framework?
creating a product backlog
The _____________ method is a network diagramming technique used to predict total project duration.
critical path
A _______________ is a description of what a customer or user would want from a product or solution.
customer request
One method to measure _________________ is a net promoter score (NPS).
customer satisfaction
____ are new requirements imposed by government, management, or some external influence.
directives
A(n) __________ is a large user story that cannot be delivered as defined within a single iteration or is large enough that it can be split into smaller user stories.
epic
A set of principles that guide our decision making based on personal values of what is "right" and "wrong" is called?
ethics
Predictive projects involve five project management process groups: initiating, planning, _________ monitoring and controlling, and closing.
executing
The main purpose of project planning is to guide project _______________.
execution
Which of the following is not an agile estimating method?
parametric estimating
An organization can view project portfolio management as having ____ levels, from simplest to most complex.
five
You calculate cash ____ by subtracting costs from benefits, or expenses from income.
flow
A large company continues to be successful by providing new products and services for its market niche of brides. What is its main competitive strategy?
focus
The main purpose of project planning is to:
guide project execution
Demand for software to help manage agile projects has __________________.
increased
Which of the following is not a major benefit of grouping projects into programs?
increasing revenues
If you are leading a project where requirements are not well defined, change is expected, and the customer wants several deliveries of useful products, which development approach might be most appropriate to use?
incremental
Project ___________ management involves coordinating all the project management knowledge areas throughout a project's life span.
integration
Project management ____________________ areas describe the key competencies that project managers must develop.
knowledge
Instead of creating a set of structured projects with short lived teams to execute them, _______________ project portfolio management defines desired outcomes for an organization, focuses on value, and revisits past decisions at least every quarter.
lean
There should not be any projects in the lower right quadrant of a bubble chart because they have ________ value and _________ risk.
low, high
Many organizations claim that using project management ____.
lower costs
Leadership and _______________ are terms often used interchangeably, although there are differences.
management
Which of the following is not part of the triple constraint of project management?
meeting communication goals
What is the maximum number of inputs you will need to successfully carry out a "development project management plan" process?
more than 4
Using a Scrum framework, the daily Scrum meetings, the sprint planning meeting, the sprint review, and sprint retrospectives allow _______________.
necessary discussion and interactions
A positive NPV means the return from a project exceeds the _______________ cost of capital - the return available by investing the capital elsewhere.
opportunity
A project performance domain is a group of related activities that are critical for the effective delivery of project ____________.
outcomes
In which of the five project management process groups are activities performed that relate to each knowledge area?
planning
What name is given processes required to establish the scope of the project, refine the objectives, and define the course of action required to attain the objectives that the project was undertaken to achieve?
planning processes
Project management _______ facilitate communication among stakeholders and provide a baseline for progress measurement and project control.
plans
A _____________ is an emergent, ordered list of what is needed to improve the product. It is the single source of work undertaken by the Scrum team.
product backlog
When using scrum, the ________ creates a prioritized wish list or backlog.
product owner
A ___________ describes the desired future state that would be achieved by developing and deploying a product.
product vision
A ________________ describes the desired future state that would be achieved by developing and deploying a product.
product vision
What name is given a group of related projects, subsidiary programs, and program activities managed in a coordinated manner to obtain benefits not available from managing them individually?
program
A________________ is a temporary endeavor undertaken to create a unique product, service, or result.
project
The goal of _______ portfolio management is clear: to help maximize business value to ensure enterprise success.
project
What document formally recognizes the existence of a project and provides direction on the project's objectives and management?
project charter
Which one of the following is not a step in the four-stage planning process for projects?
project execution
Predictive project teams develop a ______ to coordinate all other project plans.
project management plan
Which of the following is not an accountable unit in the Scrum framework?
project manager
Which of the following is not an attribute of a project?
projects involve no uncertainty
Which of the following is not among the project triple constraint?
quality
Instead of discrete numbers or a range of numbers for estimates, agile projects use _________________ estimates.
relative
Unlike predictive project estimating, agile approaches to estimating are often done in terms of ______________.
relative size
Which of the following skills is not part of PMI's project management talent triangle?
risk management
If it is crucial to meet schedule and cost goals, the ____ must be flexible.
scope
Which one of the following is NOT part of the process groups as per PMBOK guidelines?
scope management
Which leadership style is not described in PMBOK Guide - Sixth Edition and not recommended for project managers?
scrum master
What type of planning involves determining long-term objectives by analyzing the strengths and weaknesses of an organization, studying opportunities and threats in the business environment, predicting future trends, and projecting the need for new products and services?
strategic planning
Project portfolio management addresses ___________ goals of an organization, while project management addresses ____________ goals.
strategic, tactical
Projects that address competitive ____ are much more likely to be successful because they will be important to the organization's competitive position.
strategy
Projects that address competitive ________ are much more likely to be successful because they will be important to the organization's competitive position.
strategy
A stakeholder analysis is a technique for analyzing information to determine which stakeholders' interests to focus on and how to increase stakeholder ______.
support
Which of the following is not part of SWOT analysis?
tactics
Which of the following is not part of a SWOT analysis?
tactics
You can establish minimum scores or ____ when using a weighted scoring model.
thresholds
According to the ____ value of money, a dollar today is worth more than a dollar tomorrow.
time
Instead of creating a detailed schedule for all of the activities required to complete an entire project, agile teams focus on the most valuable work they can complete within each iteration using an approach called __________________.
timeboxing
Each of the processes in the PMBOK consists of:
tools and techniques input output
A requirements _________________ is a table that lists requirements, various attributes of each requirement, and the status of the requirements to ensure that all of them are addressed.
traceability matrix
A college approved a project to provide discounts for faculty, students, and staff to use the city's new light rail system. Under what existing program might this project naturally fit?
transportation program
A predictive approach to project management is also called_____________.
waterfall
The MoSCoW method is a prioritization framework for time-boxed projects where the acronym stands for must-haves, should-haves, could-haves, and _________.
will not have
A _________________ is a deliverable at the lowest level of the WBS, where it can be appropriately assigned to and managed by a single accountable person.
work package
