Islam Formative AP WH unit 1

Réussis tes devoirs et examens dès maintenant avec Quizwiz!

Ghana

"Land of Gold"; the first West African kingdom based on the gold and salt trade

Abbasid Caliphate

(750-1258 CE) The caliphate, after the Umayyads, who focused more on administration than conquering. Had a bureaucracy that any Muslim could be a part of.

Sasanid Empire

(it was a new Iranian state)Iranian empire, established ca. 226, with a capital in Ctesiphon, Mesopotamia. The Sasanid emperors established Zoroastrianism as the state religion. Islamic Arab armies overthrew the empire ca. 640. (p. 225)

umma

The community of all Muslims. A major innovation against the background of seventh-century Arabia, where traditionally kinship rather than faith had determined membership in a community.

ulama

The theologians and legal experts of Islam. Best known as the arbiters of sharia law.

which caliph began conquering land outside of Arabia

Umar

state religion of the Sansanids

Zoroastrianism

what did Mani preach?

dualist faith, which derived theologically from Zoroastrianism

Fatimid caliphate

formed by Shi'a Muslims who claimed descent from Muhammad's daughter Fatima. Began in North Africa and spread across the Red Sea to western Arabia and Syria.

shah

king

samarra

location of the Great Mosque, world's largest mosque at the time it was built

The Sasanids effectively integrated frontier peoples as _________ or _______

mercenaries or caravaners

Which group destroyed the Abbasid Caliphate?

mongols

Sunnis belief in the unity of the umma was that

never should one person have all the power

Muslim

one who submits to God

khalifa and caliph mean

successor

how did the sasanid empire benefit from the silk road?

the Silk Road provided Mesopotamia with new products

which people constituted the majority of taxpayers in the growing Muslim/Arab world?

the larger non-arab and non-muslim populations paid taxes

Ka'ba

the stone cubical structure in the courtyard of the Great Mosque of Mecca, believed to have been built by Abraham and regarded by Muslims as the sacred center of the earth. SHRINE

why were there few efforts to spread islam during the conquest period?

there was no enough material reason for arabs to encourage conversion

how did newly formed principalities threaten the properties of Baghdad

they cut the tax revenue that went to Baghdad

why did Muhammad expel Jewish kinships from the area?

they didn't recognize him as God's messenger

how did the sasanids protect their empire from invasion?

they subsidized nomadic Arab chieftains to protect the empire.

what happened to Mani and his followers?

they were martyred

does islam prohibit consumption of alcohol

yes

sunna

An Islamic model for living, based on the life and teachings of Muhammad

Muhammad

Arab prophet; founder of religion of Islam.

the new capital of the Abbasid Caliphate was _______

Baghdad

the Umayyad caliphs ruled form the city of ________

Damascus

true or false: Sasanid cities were centers of population and production?

FALSE

some caliphs sponsored projects to translate the great works of _____,_____, and ______ into Arabic

Greek, Persian, and Indian

The _____ marks the beginning of the Muslim calendar

Hijra

why did Muhammad's followers consider his revelations as more perfect than the Bible?

His revelations did not go through an editing process

sharia'a

Islamic law

sultan

Muslim ruler

sunnis

Muslims belonging to branch of Islam believing that the community should select its own leadership. The majority religion in most Islamic countries.

Shiites

Muslims that believe that only direct descendants of Muhammad should become caliph

Sasanid Kingdom was established after the defeat of the ____________

Parthinians

what percent of the Umayyad population converted to islam

10%

hadith

A tradition relating the words or deeds of the Prophet Muhammad; next to the Quran, the most important basis for Islamic law.

Muhammad's successor

Abu Bakr


Ensembles d'études connexes

Unit 4.3: Right Triangles Unit TEST

View Set

GIVE ME LIBERTY! by Eric Foner Chapter 16

View Set

Corporals course final test study guide

View Set

NC Casualty License Exam Prep Questions 2020

View Set