IST 442 Exam 1

You are working with a customer who is use to Waterfall frameworks and formal project charters. They ask you to explain the difference between a Waterfall project charter and an Agile project charter. How do you explain it to them? A. "Waterfall project charters are mandatory, and Agile charters are not." B. "Agile project charters are more flexible and describe who and what." C. "Waterfall project charters don't get to the definition of done like Agile charters." D. "Agile project charters aren't formal, and Waterfall project charters are formal."

"Agile project charters are more flexible and describe who and what."

You are the product owner and have just started working on a new Agile team. One of the team members wants to know what your job entails. What do you tell them? A. "My job is to make sure the team has daily stand-up meetings and continues to embrace Agile methodologies." B. "My job is to coach management on the different aspects of Agile project management." C. "My job is to own the product backlog and make sure customer value is realized." D. "My job is to debate requirements with key stakeholders to make sure we are building the product correctly."

"My job is to own the product backlog and make sure customer value is realized."

Your team has determined that there are 500 points of functionality left in the backlog to complete. The first four iterations' velocity has been tracked at (1) 22 points, (2) 30 points, (3) 39 points, (4) 45 points Approximately, how many more iterations will it take to complete the project based on velocity? Hunt, J. A. (2018) A. 15.1 B. 25.7 C. 14.7 D. 13.6

14.7

Which of the following is most likely to be a minimal viable product? A. A bicycle that has no handlebars B. A pen that has a reservoir for glow-in-the-dark ink as well as regular ink C. An order entry system that has no user interface D. A chair that has no back

A chair that has no back

Austin and Nichols (1998) challenged many of the fundamental IT project management. Which of the following statements is incorrect in regard to Austin and Nichols : A. A flawed assumption is that it is possible to plan such a large project. B. A flawed assumption is that it is possible to protect against late changes. C. A flawed assumption is that creativity can fix most problems. D. A flawed assumption is that it even makes sense to lock in big projects early!

A flawed assumption is that creativity can fix most problems.

Which of the following best describes Scrum? A. A process B. A framework C. An Agile method D. A Waterfall method

A framework

You have been asked to review an agile team's recently enhanced methodology to assess its effectiveness. The desirable characteristics that you should be looking for include: A. A preference for rapid communications, significant process weight, recommendations for larger teams to use lighter methods B. A preference for digital communications, not too much process weight, recommendations for larger teams to use simpler methods C. A preference for relevant communications, significant process weight, recommendations for larger teams to use heavier methods D. A preference for face-to-face communications, not too much process weight, recommendations for larger teams to use heavier methods

A preference for face-to-face communications, not too much process weight, recommendations for larger teams to use heavier methods

You are working to implement Agile in your organization, and a key stakeholder asks you to explain Agile to them. What would be the best answer to explain Agile to someone who doesn't know anything about it? A. Agile is a way to produce software without change control. B. Agile is a framework for better project management. C. Agile is a mindset that allows an organization to focus on better ways to produce value for the customer and practice continuous improvement. D. Agile is the opposite of Waterfall

Agile is a mindset that allows an organization to focus on better ways to produce value for the customer and practice continuous improvement.

You have to resolve a conflict. Your programmer has developed a new feature. The product owner is not happy as he wasn't involved in this decision. What should you do? A. Ask both parties to amicably resolve the issue. B. Agree with the product owner and ask him how he wants to resolve the issue. C. Support your team member as the project team can make business decisions. D. Remove the feature from the next release

Agree with the product owner and ask him how he wants to resolve the issue.

On an agile project, the definition of done is discussed frequently so that: A. Functionality can be negotiated until the last responsible moment. B. All stakeholders have a clear understanding of what completion means. C. Team members get to improve their negotiation skills. D. Active listening can reveal previously undiscussed requirements.

All stakeholders have a clear understanding of what completion means

You want to establish a mechanism to facilitate coordination between Agile teams by communicating between projects; a platform that will enable sharing items such as progress, issues, retrospective findings and improvement experiments. You need: A. An Agile PMO B. Command and control center C. Colocation D. External consultant

An Agile PMO

Which of the following represents a user story? A. As an end user, I want to be able to shop online. B. As a team member, I want to be able to see my progress. C. As an end user, I want to be able to review status reports daily so that I can track project performance. D. As a customer, I need to be able to use the software you create.

As an end user, I want to be able to review status reports daily so that I can track project performance.

Which of the following statements regarding LeSS and Scrum is correct? A. Scrum has one definition of "done" while LeSS has separate definitions of "done" for each team. B. Scrum requires one potentially shippable product increment at the end of each sprint, while LeSS mandates a single final delivery. C. Both approaches require a single product backlog. D. Scrum has a product owner but this role is not recognized in LeSS.

Both approaches require a single product backlog.

An effective user story follows which of the following formats? A. As a(n) _______ l want _______ because _______ B. As a(n) _______ l need _______ in order to _______ C. As _______ I need _______ so that I can _______ D. As a user _______ l need _______ so that l have _______

C. As _______ I need _______ so that I can _______

The sponsor is trying to determine which project has the greatest business value-one that returns $4 million in three years or one that returns $5 million in four years. The interest rate is 5 percent for borrowing capital to develop the projects. The best approach to determine the highest-value project is: A. Select the "$5 million in four years" project, since it returns the highest amount. B. Select the "$4 million in three years" project, since it has the shorter payback period. C. Calculate the NPV of the projects, and choose the project with the highest value. D. Calculate the NPV of the projects, and choose the project with the lowest cost

Calculate the NPV of the projects, and choose the project with the highest value.

The concept of knowledge sharing on an agile project is best characterized as: A. Encouraged where possible and where the team shows an interest B. Central to many agile practices C. Undertaken if there is time left at the end of an iteration D. Undertaken principally through stand-up meetings

Central to many agile practices

Which of the following is not a best practice associated with Feature-Driven Development (FDD)? A. Developing by feature B. Domain object modeling C. Configuration management D. Change control boards

Change control boards

You have just completed planning the first sprint of your project. What should be your next step? A. Communicate the plan to relevant stakeholders. B. Groom the product backlog. C. Estimate the user stores. D. Prioritize the user stores.

Communicate the plan to relevant stakeholders

Which of the following is the highest priority of the 12 major principles? A. Face-to-face conversation B. Motivated individuals C. Working software D. Customer satisfaction

Customer satisfaction

One Scrum ceremony or activity is the team getting together to discuss what they will do today, what they did yesterday, and anything standing in their way. This is known as which of the following? A. Scrum of Scrums B. Daily Scrum C. Sprint review D. Sprint retrospective

Daily Scrum

You and your team are about to start a new project. In the past the team has faced issues with estimating user stories and provided inaccurate estimates. All of the following actions can help mitigate this risk from happing on this project EXCEPT: A. Develop a team charter. B. Reduce story size by splitting stories. C. Use relative estimation. D. Use Agile modeling or spiking.

Develop a team charter

Which of the following is NOT a prime benefit of prototyping project features? A. Clarifying user requirements B. Keeping the customer engaged C. Obtaining customer feedback D. Developing accurate estimates

Developing accurate estimates

Which of the following Agile approaches is more suitable for a project that requires significant breadth of life cycle coverage and involves significant depth of guidance detail? A. FDD B. Kanban C. Scrum D. Disciplined Agile

Disciplined Agile

You are developing an online complaint management system. Recently the product owner has requested you to drop a feature from the current iteration plan that was earlier requested by the compliance department. What should you do? A. Drop the feature from the iteration plan and notify compliance. B. Reject the change request as feature was requested by compliance. C. Arrange a meeting between the product owner and compliance. D. Drop the feature from the release plan.

Drop the feature from the iteration plan and notify compliance.

The sponsor wants to use earned value metrics to measure the team's progress. You remind her that: A. The team prefers to use information radiators. B. The project plan isn't finalized yet. C. We need to establish a stable velocity first. D. Earned value metrics won't reveal whether the product is meeting the users' needs.

Earned value metrics won't reveal whether the product is meeting the users' needs.

Process tailoring is best undertaken on agile projects when: A. There are difficulties in implementing agile practices. B. Experienced practitioners want to address an issue. C. The team needs new processes to keep them engaged. D. A boost in team velocity is needed to meet the schedule

Experienced practitioners want to address an issue.

According to a CHAOS study in 2015 by the Standish Group, there is no indication that agile works better than traditional project management. TRUE or FALSE

False

Which tool wouldn't help your team share knowledge? A. Burnup charts B. Stand-up meetings C. Co-located team members D. Fibonacci diagrams

Fibonacci diagrams

In the Agile Manifesto, it is more important to respond to changes than to do which of the following? A. Comprehensively document B. Use processes and controls C. Negotiate contracts D. Follow a plan

Follow a plan

Traditional approaches govern vendor relationships by fixed milestones or phase gates focused on intermediate artifacts. On the other hand, Agile approaches require: A. Full deliverables of incremental business value. B. Incomplete deliverables at the end of each iteration. C. Partial but frequent deliveries. D. One delivery at the end of the project.

Full deliverables of incremental business value.

Which of the following financial metrics is generally considered best to compare different projects? A. IRR B. IRR and NPV used together C. Payback period D. NPV

IRR and NPV used together

The basics of a stand-up meeting are to achieve which of the following? A. Identify problems and describe what has been accomplished since the last meeting. B. Describe accomplishment for motivation. C. Coordinate discussions on problems and work on solutions. D. Identify opportunities for improvement.

Identify problems and describe what has been accomplished since the last meeting.

What is the first value in the Agile Manifesto? A. Contract Negotiations over Working Plans B. Working Software over Comprehensive Documentation C. Individuals and Interactions over Processes and Tools D. Comprehensive Documentation over Customer Interaction

Individuals and Interactions over Processes and Tools

What's the best way for your team to share their progress with the other project stakeholders? A. Information radiators B. Scrum of scrums C. Stand-up meetings D. Retrospectives

Information radiators

Your team has high levels of work in progress, and you are explaining to them why that is a problem. What isn't one of the issues you mention? A. It hides efficiency and throughput issues. B. It confuses the team members' roles. C. It doesn't deliver any return. D. It increases risk and potential rework.

It confuses the team members' roles.

What is the most frequently used kind of workshop on a typical agile project? A. Team survey B. Iteration planning meeting C. Scrum inspection D. Project kick-off meeting

Iteration planning meeting

How will using short iterations help your team? A. Keep the team fully occupied. B. Keep stakeholders involved in the project. C. Keep stakeholder communications streamlined. D. Let the team relax and get acclimated at the start of the project

Keep stakeholders involved in the project.

What wouldn't be a key focus of your agile approach? A. Increasing return on investment B. Expecting change and uncertainty C. Measuring progress D. Working incrementally

Measuring progress

A sponsor wants to evaluate a proposed three-year project against two proposed one-year projects. Which financial metric would be most helpful? A. NPV B. ROI C. MMF D. Velocity

NPV

Which of the following best practices are unique to eXtreme Programming? A. Scrum of Scrums B. MoSCoW C. Kanban D. Pair programming

Pair programming

On Agile projects, who is primarily responsible for developing project roadmaps? A. Agile coach B. Agile team C. Servant-leader D. Product owner

Product owner

Project X has an IRR of 12 percent, and project Y has an IRR of 10 percent. Which project represents the better rate of return? A. It depends on the payback period. B. Project Y C. Project X D. Project X or Y, depending on NPV

Project X

Teams gain the most benefits from using an agile approach in: A. Projects that are as uncertain as possible B. Projects with high levels of technological uncertainty and low levels of complexity in requirements C. Projects with medium levels of complexity in both technology and requirements D. Projects with low levels of uncertainty in requirements and technology

Projects with medium levels of complexity in both technology and requirements

Which of the following metrics can be used to determine the value of a feature? A. CPI B. ROI C. TCPI D. SPI

ROI

Your team is developing an online game that will have three beta (test) releases before launch. Which feature would not be included in the first beta release? A. Beta player sign-up and log in interface B. Password authentication C. Refer-a-friend marketing campaign D. Options for giving feedback to developers

Refer-a-friend marketing campaign

Which of the following isn't a core aspect of the agile mindset? A. Welcome change B. Learn through discovery C. Respect the process D. Deliver value continuously

Respect the process

An Agile team wants to setup an information radiator that will be utilized to manage the product and sprints backlog, and show the flow of work and its bottlenecks. Which Agile tool would you recommend to achieve this objective? A. Scrum Board B. Daily Stand up C. Katzen Events D. War Room

Scrum Board

In the lean approach, which of the following would NOT be considered an example of one of the seven forms of waste? A. The handoff between coding and testing B. Testing the code C. Code that is waiting for testing D. Assigning a developer to work on two projects at the same time

Testing the code

Who were the creators of the Agile Manifesto? A. PMI B. The Agile Alliance C. Ken Beck D. The Scrum Alliance

The Agile Alliance

Seventeen developers met in Snowbird, Utah, in February 2001 to discuss better ways of managing software projects. What was the result of that meeting? A. The Declaration of Interdependence B. The Agile Manifesto C. The Scrum Theory D. The PMBOK Guide

The Agile Manifesto

The gulf of evaluation refers to what? A. The gap between what the product owner knows and what the testers know B. The mismatch between the customer's vision of the solution and how the developers understand it C. The difference between what the ScrumMaster tells the team to do and what they actually produce D. The disparity between what the customer wants and what they really need

The mismatch between the customer's vision of the solution and how the developers understand it

Which of the following best describes why Waterfall project management isn't the most effective way to manage software development projects? A. The rapid pace and constant changes make it difficult to preplan and create baselines. B. The Agile life cycles are different and therefore incompatible with Waterfall. C. Waterfall is for construction, and Agile is for software. D. Waterfall is an effective way to manage software projects as long as you have the scope of work up front.

The rapid pace and constant changes make it difficult to preplan and create baselines.

When is a good time for soliciting feedback on project deliverables, processes and methods? A. During demonstrations. B. During daily standups. C. Throughout the life of the project. D. During retrospectives.

Throughout the life of the project

Empirical process control has three main aspects to it. What would those three be? A. Transparency, inspection, and adaptation B. Iterative, incremental, and uncertainty C. Transparency, iterative, reliability D. Inspection, incremental, adaptable

Transparency, inspection, and adaptation

What is most important for your agile team to continuously focus on? A. Getting the right answers B. Understanding their tasks C. Defining their tasks D. Measuring their performance

Understanding their tasks

An Agile team wants to outsource a chunk of project scope to a vendor. Instead of locking the entire procurement scope of work and budget into a single agreement, the team is considering decomposing the scope into fixed-price micro-deliverables. Which of the following can be used as micro-deliverables for the agreement? A. WBS and WBS Dictionary B. Kanban board C. Team charter D. User stories

User stories

Which of the following techniques involves the use of story cards, continuous integration, refactoring, automated testing, and test-driven development? A. Lean B. XP C. Six Sigma D. Scrum

XP