IT chapter 12
the computers in a lab on the floor of a building would be connected using a _____
LAN
network adapters send data packets based on a...
MAC address
in a _____ network, each node connected to the network communicates directly with every other node
P2P
a network consisting of two LANs separated by great physical distances is known as a...
WAN
correctly entering the user ID and password on your college network is an example of...
authentication
to ensure only authorized users are logging onto a network, which server would a client/server network include?
authentication
what advantages do businesses gain from networks?
enables software sharing, centralization of files and data, enables peripheral sharing
what is the standard communications protocol used on most client/server networks?
ethernet
bridges are used to route data between two different networks. T/F
false
client/server networks are generally less secure than P2P networks. T/F
false
what cable is NOT subject to electromagnetic interference or radio frequency interference?
fiber-optic
a ______ server is a server that stores
file
categories of security threats to network
human errors, malicious human activity, and natural disasters
a _____ topology uses more than one topology when building a network
hybrid
terminator
a device that absorbs a signal so it's not reflected back onto parts of the network that have already received it
network
a group of 2 or more computing devices that are configured to share information and resources
intranet
a private network set up by a business that's used exclusively by a select group of people
authentication server
a server that controls access to a network and ensures that only authorized users can log on
dedicated server
a server used on a large network to increase efficiency
token
a special data packet used in ring topology
home area network (HAN)
a type of LAN installed in a home
bus topology
all nodes are connected to a single linear cable. installation is easy, reliable, and inexpensive.
extranet
an area of intranet that only certain corporations or individuals can access
a _____ server is a heavily secured server located between a company's secure internal network and its firewall
bastion host
what is used to increase security on a client/server network?
bastion host
in a _____ network, data collisions can occur easily because the network is essentially composed of a single cable
bus
what networks contains servers and individual computers?
client/server
does data flow more efficiently in client/server networks or p2p networks?
client/server networks
to manage authorized connections to external networks, which server would a client/server network include?
communications
what are the disadvantages to using networks?
complex, personnel are required to maintain them, they require special equipment
transmission media
comprises the physical systems that data takes to flow between devices on a network
twisted-pair cable
consists of pairs of wires twisted around each other in order to reduce interference
access method
controls which computer is allowed to use the transmission media at a certain time
local area network (LAN)
covers a small geographic area, used by small businesses
why do businesses use client/server networks?
data flows more efficiently, servers can respond to requests from a large number of clients at the same time, servers can be configured to perform specific tasks
tunneling
data packets are placed inside other data packets
switches
devices that read the addresses of data packets and retransmit a signal to its destination
bridges
devices used to send data between two segments of the same network
fiber-optic cables would most likely be used in a business network when...
electrical or magnetic interference is present
a private network set up by a business that's used exclusively by a select group of employees is...
intranet
in an ethernet network, the signal that is sent to indicate a signal collision is called a...
jam signal
common network topologies include...
linear bus, ring, star
ring topology
made up of nodes arranged in a circle. data flows from node to node in a specific order.
scalability
more users can be added easily without affecting the performance of other nodes
star topology
nodes connect to a central communication device in a pattern resembling a star
NOS software is needed...
on all computers in a client/server network
metropolitan area network (MAN)
provide connectivity in a specific geographic area
network operating system (NOS) software
provides a protocol that controls communication between devices on a network
media access control (MAC) address
represents the physical address of a network adapter
providing adequate security on a corporate network involves...
restricting access to servers, authentication, limiting physical access to networking equipment
packet _____ is a form of protection for your computer that looks at each packet that comes into your computer network
screening
why are P2P networks not usually installed in businesses?
security is stronger in client/server networks
key components of a client/server network
servers, network topologies, transmission media, network adapters, network navigation devices, network operating system
what is the most popular type of network topology?
star
token method
the access method that ring networks use to avoid data collisions
passive topology
the devices attached to a bus network do nothing to move data along the network
active topology
the nodes participate in moving data through a network
ring networks use _____ to avoid data collisions
the token method
why are client/server networks usually installed in businesses?
they are more scalable than P2P networks
on client/server networks, routers...
transfer data between two networks
a web server is used to host websites on a client/server network. T/F
true
most modern operating systems include some type of NOS functionality. T/F
true
wide area network (WAN)
two or more LANs connected together, used by business branches
most home networks use _____ cable, which is most susceptible to interference
unshielded twisted-pair
personal area network (PAN)
used by one person
routers
used to route data between two different networks
fiber-optic cable
uses bundles of glass or plastic fiber to send signals using light waves. provides the largest bandwidth but is expensive and difficult to install.
cars often have _____ networks
wifi and bluetooth
