IT chapter 12

the computers in a lab on the floor of a building would be connected using a _____

LAN

network adapters send data packets based on a...

MAC address

in a _____ network, each node connected to the network communicates directly with every other node

P2P

a network consisting of two LANs separated by great physical distances is known as a...

WAN

correctly entering the user ID and password on your college network is an example of...

authentication

to ensure only authorized users are logging onto a network, which server would a client/server network include?

authentication

what advantages do businesses gain from networks?

enables software sharing, centralization of files and data, enables peripheral sharing

what is the standard communications protocol used on most client/server networks?

ethernet

bridges are used to route data between two different networks. T/F

false

client/server networks are generally less secure than P2P networks. T/F

false

what cable is NOT subject to electromagnetic interference or radio frequency interference?

fiber-optic

a ______ server is a server that stores

file

categories of security threats to network

human errors, malicious human activity, and natural disasters

a _____ topology uses more than one topology when building a network

hybrid

terminator

a device that absorbs a signal so it's not reflected back onto parts of the network that have already received it

network

a group of 2 or more computing devices that are configured to share information and resources

intranet

a private network set up by a business that's used exclusively by a select group of people

authentication server

a server that controls access to a network and ensures that only authorized users can log on

dedicated server

a server used on a large network to increase efficiency

token

a special data packet used in ring topology

home area network (HAN)

a type of LAN installed in a home

bus topology

all nodes are connected to a single linear cable. installation is easy, reliable, and inexpensive.

extranet

an area of intranet that only certain corporations or individuals can access

a _____ server is a heavily secured server located between a company's secure internal network and its firewall

bastion host

what is used to increase security on a client/server network?

bastion host

in a _____ network, data collisions can occur easily because the network is essentially composed of a single cable

bus

what networks contains servers and individual computers?

client/server

does data flow more efficiently in client/server networks or p2p networks?

client/server networks

to manage authorized connections to external networks, which server would a client/server network include?

communications

what are the disadvantages to using networks?

complex, personnel are required to maintain them, they require special equipment

transmission media

comprises the physical systems that data takes to flow between devices on a network

twisted-pair cable

consists of pairs of wires twisted around each other in order to reduce interference

access method

controls which computer is allowed to use the transmission media at a certain time

local area network (LAN)

covers a small geographic area, used by small businesses

why do businesses use client/server networks?

data flows more efficiently, servers can respond to requests from a large number of clients at the same time, servers can be configured to perform specific tasks

tunneling

data packets are placed inside other data packets

switches

devices that read the addresses of data packets and retransmit a signal to its destination

bridges

devices used to send data between two segments of the same network

fiber-optic cables would most likely be used in a business network when...

electrical or magnetic interference is present

a private network set up by a business that's used exclusively by a select group of employees is...

intranet

in an ethernet network, the signal that is sent to indicate a signal collision is called a...

jam signal

common network topologies include...

linear bus, ring, star

ring topology

made up of nodes arranged in a circle. data flows from node to node in a specific order.

scalability

more users can be added easily without affecting the performance of other nodes

star topology

nodes connect to a central communication device in a pattern resembling a star

NOS software is needed...

on all computers in a client/server network

metropolitan area network (MAN)

provide connectivity in a specific geographic area

network operating system (NOS) software

provides a protocol that controls communication between devices on a network

media access control (MAC) address

represents the physical address of a network adapter

providing adequate security on a corporate network involves...

restricting access to servers, authentication, limiting physical access to networking equipment

packet _____ is a form of protection for your computer that looks at each packet that comes into your computer network

screening

why are P2P networks not usually installed in businesses?

security is stronger in client/server networks

key components of a client/server network

servers, network topologies, transmission media, network adapters, network navigation devices, network operating system

what is the most popular type of network topology?

star

token method

the access method that ring networks use to avoid data collisions

passive topology

the devices attached to a bus network do nothing to move data along the network

active topology

the nodes participate in moving data through a network

ring networks use _____ to avoid data collisions

the token method

why are client/server networks usually installed in businesses?

they are more scalable than P2P networks

on client/server networks, routers...

transfer data between two networks

a web server is used to host websites on a client/server network. T/F

true

most modern operating systems include some type of NOS functionality. T/F

true

wide area network (WAN)

two or more LANs connected together, used by business branches

most home networks use _____ cable, which is most susceptible to interference

unshielded twisted-pair

personal area network (PAN)

used by one person

routers

used to route data between two different networks

fiber-optic cable

uses bundles of glass or plastic fiber to send signals using light waves. provides the largest bandwidth but is expensive and difficult to install.

cars often have _____ networks

wifi and bluetooth