IV THERAPY EXAM 1
What percentage of body weight is attributed to ECF?
20%
What do colloidal solutions do?
Decrease edema
Hypernatremia in blood what fluid does doctor order?
- hypotonic because want to dilute extra sodium
What to do if Extravasation occurs?
- stop infusion, and then aspirate and take catheter out
Main protein in blood?
Albumin
The preferred skin antiseptic is:
Alcoholic Chlorhexidine.
What safety mechanism on electronic infusion devices prevents a rapid infusion?
Anti-free flow mechanism
The risks of using a CVAD for routine blood sampling include:
Bloodstream infection and anemia
What electrolyte is especially helpful with clotting?
Calcium
Which electrolyte is critical for the blood coagulation process?
Calcium
Assisting clinician responsibilities when preparing a patient for central IV therapy include:
Explaining the procedure and care measures of the therapy
Which type of solution raises serum osmolarity and pulls fluid from the intracellular and interstitial compartments into the intravascular compartment?
HYPERtonic
When applying a transparent dressing, it's important to:
Mold the dressing around and partially under the hub.
Nurses role in starting peripheral catheter?
Nurses explain procedure and executes- you select size of device but doctor orders it
Primary electrolyte in intracellular fluid?
Potassium
Which electrolyte is the dominant cation in extracellular fluid?
Sodium
primary electrolyte in extracellular fluid?
Sodium
Short peripheral catheters should be removed:
When signs and symptoms indicate a problem
When would you remove an IV catheter?
When there is a problem such as infection, phlebitis or if there is an order to take it out or therapy is done. Not every 72 or 96 hours anymore
The advantages of central IV therapy include:
ability to rapidly infuse fluids, administer irritating medications and measure CV pressure
If patient is low in calcium assess for?
bleeding problems
The first step in performing a routine venipuncture is to:
dilate the vein
What type of solution raises serum osmolarity, and pulls fluid into the vascular compartment?
hypertonic
Your patient has swelling at the IV site, discomfort, burning, decreased skin temperature and blanching around the site. These are signs of which of the following IV complications?
infiltration
Properties of isotonic solution?
most similar to plasma, increases vascular fluid
Signs of IV site infection?
pain, redness, also purulent drainage
Which location should never be used for insertion of a peripheral catheter?
palm side of wrist
Which electrolyte is the dominant cation in intracellular fluid?
potassium
What are signs of phlebitis?
redness, warmth, swelling, pain at insertion site
Which vein is the most commonly used CVAD insertion site?
subclavian
In Central Venous therapy, an access device is inserted with its tip in the :
superior or inferior vena cava
The correct position for removal of a CVAD from the jugular or subclavian vein is:
supine with head flat
Signs of infiltration?
swelling at site, feel cool around site, pallor and blanching
Purpose of hypotonic solution?
to draw extra fluid into blood vessel
When capillary blood pressure exceeds colloid osmotic pressure:
water and diffusible solutes leave the capillaries and circulate into the ISF.
When capillary hydrostatic pressure exceeds oncotic pressure what happens?
water and solutes leave the vascular system and migrate to the interstitial fluid