IV THERAPY EXAM 1

What percentage of body weight is attributed to ECF?

20%

What do colloidal solutions do?

Decrease edema

Hypernatremia in blood what fluid does doctor order?

- hypotonic because want to dilute extra sodium

What to do if Extravasation occurs?

- stop infusion, and then aspirate and take catheter out

Main protein in blood?

Albumin

The preferred skin antiseptic is:

Alcoholic Chlorhexidine.

What safety mechanism on electronic infusion devices prevents a rapid infusion?

Anti-free flow mechanism

The risks of using a CVAD for routine blood sampling include:

Bloodstream infection and anemia

What electrolyte is especially helpful with clotting?

Calcium

Which electrolyte is critical for the blood coagulation process?

Calcium

Assisting clinician responsibilities when preparing a patient for central IV therapy include:

Explaining the procedure and care measures of the therapy

Which type of solution raises serum osmolarity and pulls fluid from the intracellular and interstitial compartments into the intravascular compartment?

HYPERtonic

When applying a transparent dressing, it's important to:

Mold the dressing around and partially under the hub.

Nurses role in starting peripheral catheter?

Nurses explain procedure and executes- you select size of device but doctor orders it

Primary electrolyte in intracellular fluid?

Potassium

Which electrolyte is the dominant cation in extracellular fluid?

Sodium

primary electrolyte in extracellular fluid?

Sodium

Short peripheral catheters should be removed:

When signs and symptoms indicate a problem

When would you remove an IV catheter?

When there is a problem such as infection, phlebitis or if there is an order to take it out or therapy is done. Not every 72 or 96 hours anymore

The advantages of central IV therapy include:

ability to rapidly infuse fluids, administer irritating medications and measure CV pressure

If patient is low in calcium assess for?

bleeding problems

The first step in performing a routine venipuncture is to:

dilate the vein

What type of solution raises serum osmolarity, and pulls fluid into the vascular compartment?

hypertonic

Your patient has swelling at the IV site, discomfort, burning, decreased skin temperature and blanching around the site. These are signs of which of the following IV complications?

infiltration

Properties of isotonic solution?

most similar to plasma, increases vascular fluid

Signs of IV site infection?

pain, redness, also purulent drainage

Which location should never be used for insertion of a peripheral catheter?

palm side of wrist

Which electrolyte is the dominant cation in intracellular fluid?

potassium

What are signs of phlebitis?

redness, warmth, swelling, pain at insertion site

Which vein is the most commonly used CVAD insertion site?

subclavian

In Central Venous therapy, an access device is inserted with its tip in the :

superior or inferior vena cava

The correct position for removal of a CVAD from the jugular or subclavian vein is:

supine with head flat

Signs of infiltration?

swelling at site, feel cool around site, pallor and blanching

Purpose of hypotonic solution?

to draw extra fluid into blood vessel

When capillary blood pressure exceeds colloid osmotic pressure:

water and diffusible solutes leave the capillaries and circulate into the ISF.

When capillary hydrostatic pressure exceeds oncotic pressure what happens?

water and solutes leave the vascular system and migrate to the interstitial fluid