Journalism B - FE Study Guide
"Performance gaps" can be defined as:
Features of a product that do not perform as promised
The criteria for review writing are similar to those used for:
Marketing evaluations of products and services
What does an inverted pyramid do?
Places the most important information first and then adds less important information at the end of the story.
Inverted pyramid
Places the most important information first and then adds less important information at the end of the story. This lead is essential to a straight news story.
Narrative lead
Uses an anecdote to engage the audience in the story
What should you avoid when writing a review?
Using mundane words such a fantastic or wonderful
When did Joseph Pulitzer abandon Yellow Journalism?
After the Spanish-American War
When did Joseph Pulitzer make his mark on the newspaper world?
In 1878, when he bought the St. Louis Post-Dispatch
Who was the only U.S. president to be awarded a Pulitzer Prize?
John F. Kennedy
His name is associated with a famous journalistic prize.
Joseph Pulitzer
Which man competed against William Randolph Hearst in the 1890s to see who could sell the most newspapers?
Joseph Pulitzer
Closed questions
Require one or two-word answers (good for surveys).
Creator of The Yellow Kid, one of the first comic strips.
Richard Felton Outcault
One of the most influential journalists during the Spanish-American War; opposed William Randolph Hearst's publishing tactics.
Richard Harding Davis
Who took a stand against William Randolph Hearst's tactics to fuel the Spanish-American War?
Richard Harding Davis
A great way to present multiple images about an event is to use a ___.
Slideshow
Historians consider which war the first "press-driven" war?
Spanish-American War
Which type of lead must have 35 or fewer words that answer who, what, when, where, and how?
Summary
When your review is not favorable, what should the tine of your review be?
That of an observer, refraining from personal criticism and judgment
Indecency or Obscenity
Applies to any communication "that, in context, depicts or describes, in terms patently offensive as measured by contemporary community standards, sexual or excretory activities or organs"
o Herbert Bayard Swope of New York World won the first Pulitzer Prize for reporting in:
1917
In what year did Miani Herald columnist Leonard Pitts Jr. win a Pulitzer Prize?
2004
Before the Spanish American War began, political cartoons depicted President William McKinley as:
A coward
Direct-address lead
Addresses the audience as "you." This lead should be used with care and is appropriate only in specific types of stories.
Who first defined "the art of persuasion" in the fourth century B.C.?
Aristotle
Which of the following topics should not be considered when developing ideas for review writing?
Athletes
"Provide details about the positive features of the product. Use descriptive adjectives that are specific, rather than general."
Body
Online stories should have ___.
Bulleted lists, informative subheads, and bold type to highlight proper nouns or important points
Information can sometimes be better presented using ___.
Charts or graphs
Pulitzer's publishing wealth funded the journalism school at which university in 1912?
Columbia University
What are the characteristics of a clickable interactive?
Combination of linear and non-linear storytelling, often incorporate animation, audio and video, popular among viewers, but time consuming to produce
"Provide a brief wrap-up of your overall rating of this product."
Conclusion
In which part of a review should you provide a brief summary of your overall rating of a product or event?
Conclusion
What is a common nickname for a review writer?
Critic
Which newspaper won the 2000 Pulitzer prize in the Breaking News Category for its coverage of the shootings at Columbine High School?
Denver Post
The Pulitzer Prizes are awarded for a(n):
Distinguished example of public service through reporting, cartoons, editorials, photographs, and online presentation. Distinguished example of feature photography.
What is one caution when using animated stories in journalism?
Don't overuse it, because it will distract the reader from the real story.
What do readers want when they visit a Website?
Easy navigation, short passages, pictures and/or graphics
If your review has been primarily negative, you should:
End positively
Lead of a review should always:
Engage the audience immediately in the review
In short, a speaker's appeal to the audiences "ethical side can be an appeal to the audience's:
Ethos
The rhetorical speaker's ability to exhibit fairness and respect for the audience, and appeal to ethical standards is an example of the fundamentals of:
Ethos
The three fundamentals of rhetoric are:
Ethos, Logos, Pathos
When providing details of other products in your review, you should:
Focus on details about the general features of other product.
Active verb
Forces the subject of the sentence to be the focus of the action (The man presented her with red roses) as opposed to the use of the passive verb ("The red roses were presented to her by the man").
Author of 1984, in which society falls under the spell of "Big Brother" and a video screen records people's activity inside their homes.
George Orwell
How did William Randolph Hearst's newspapers influence the Spanish-American war?
His newspapers blamed the Spanish for the sinking if the battleship Maine in Havana Harbor.
If a review identifies negative aspects of a product, what should it also do?
Identify positive aspects and suggest ideas for improvement.
Libel
Includes any published communication that falsely harms a person's reputation. It can occur anywhere in a newspaper or on-line publication. There are four elements, all of which must be proven in court.
Web stories should be ___.
Interactive and include layers of depth
___ Protects against public disclosure of private or embarrassing facts, false light, intrusion, and misappropriation.
Invasion of privacy
News beat
Is a section in your discussion area divided in the reporting groups for this course. You should post your story ideas and sources so that others will not work on the same story.
Convergence is a term used to describe the infusion of ___ in journalism.
Layers (multimedia)
"Engage the audience immediately... Identify the product and the features to be reviewed."
Lead
"Provide a brief reference as to what products are in competition with the product being reviewed."
Lead
Mr. Spock always uses his "head" when trying to convince his audience of his viewpoint. He often began his speech, "Logically speaking..." What fundamental of persuasion does Mr. Spock use?
Logos
When a speaker appeals to the audience by presenting logical, accurate information in a clear, concise way, what fundamental of rhetoric is utilized?
Logos
Attribute, Attribution
Means to identify the speaker of a quotation
What do many businesses rely on to learn how to improve customer satisfaction?
Media product reviews
Which of the following sections of a newspaper are you least likely to find a review?
News
Developed theories about the power of media to persuade and control.
Noam Chomsky
What could you include in the lead of a review to engage a reader?
Partial lead (who, what, when, where) or imagery, dialogue or quotations about the product.
Dr. Bones McCoy, unlike Mr. Spock, tries to convince his audience and win over support by an appeal to the "heart," or emotions of his listeners. What rhetorical fundamental does Dr. McCoy use?
Pathos
When a persuasive speaker appeals to the audience's sense of "right and wrong" in an attempt to win over hearts as well as minds by appealing to their emotions is an example of which rhetorical fundamental?
Pathos
When a speaker tugs at the emotions of the audience...that speaker utilizes which of the rhetorical fundamentals?
Pathos
Won a Pulitzer Prize in 1957 for his biography, Profiles in Courage.
President John F. Kennedy
"War should never be entered upon until every agency of peace has failed." Who said this?
President William McKinley
Newspaper articled and political cartoons influenced this man to engage the U.S. in war.
President William McKinley
A list of the top 10 songs published in Billboard magazine
Primary
A survey of teenagers who attended a rock concert
Primary
Live interviews with moviegoers who have just seen the premiere of a newly released film
Primary
o An interview with actor George Clooney about the film ocean's 11
Primary
Copyright
Protects the owner of an original work of authorship against unauthorized use of his/her work
The conclusion of a review should:
Provide a brief wrap-up of the overall rating of the product
Face or scene lead
Provides descriptive images of a person or setting that is significant to the story.
How did Joseph Pulitzer differ from William Randolph Hearst?
Pulitzer's newspaper exposed government corruption, tax-dodgers and gamblers.
Author of Fahrenheit 451, which showed the disconnection of people from personal relationships because of their absorption with television.
Ray Bradbury
Web writing should be scannable. What is the definition?
Scannable text consists of highlighted key words and phrases, and important points repeat throughout briefly.
A Chicago times review of Cucina Roma
Secondary
A blog that informs readers about the newest technological and electronic gadgets
Secondary
A book review published in the Miami Herald
Secondary
An article by a noted television critic arguing that All My Children star Susan Lucci deserves to win an Emmy award
Secondary
An article on a Web site about the benefits and drawbacks of owning an antique car
Secondary
o An article about the growth of tourism in Ireland published in Travel + Leisure magazine
Secondary
The New York journal and New York World relied on ___ to sell newspapers.
Sensationalistic headlines
o William Randolph Hearst's newspaper was called:
The New York Journal
A popular political cartoon theme in the 1890s featured what war?
The Spanish-American War
In which part of a review should the writer identify any "performance gaps?"
The body
Angle
The focus a writer decides to take when writing a story
Which of the following is a good example of a "performance gap"?
The new CD of Band X does not have a good mix of instruments.
Providing sources for a review is important because it shows the reader that
The reviewer is speaking from an informed viewpoint
Reporter Susan Streeter is reviewing a new crime fiction novel written by James Patterson. What should she include in her review?
The titles of other books he has written and what she thought of the book
Yellow journalism refers to what?
The use of sensationalistic news
When did Pulitzer and Hearst begin their battle to sell newspapers, and what did both do after the attack on the U.S. battleship Maine in February 1898?
Their battle began in 1896; They called for war against Spain.
Resigned as Assistant secretary of the Navy in may 1898; ultimately became the 26th President of the United States.
Theodore Roosevelt
"The art of persuasion" is also known as "rhetoric"
True
5 W's and the H
What, who, when, why, where, how
The Criteria for Writing Reviews should be looked at:
While you create your first draft
Owner of the New York Journal; responsible for the first "media-driven" war.
William Randolph Hearst
Contrast lead
o Consists of two or three short lead paragraphs that show contrasting information about people, things, or events