KINES 082 Chapter 2

The average blood pressure for a young adult is

120/80

The part of the adrenal gland that secretes corticoids is called the

Adrenal cortex

The inner portion of the adrenal gland that secretes catecholamine is called the

Adrenal medulla

What activates the adrenal cortex to secrete corticoid hormones

Adrenocorticotropin hormone

The stress response initiates increased levels of the hormone testosterone causing

Aggression

The primary mineralocorticoid is called

Aldosterone

When you encounter a stressor, the sympathetic nervous system regulates the body to

All of the above -increase heart rate -dilate pupils -dilate coronary arteries

Aldosterone is the primary mineral corticoid and is responsible for

All of these -an increase in blood volume -water retention -an increase in blood pressure

Cortisol is secreted from the adrenal cortex and is responsible for

An increase in blood sugar

The exit point for unusable food substance is called

Anal opening

The system that controls such body processes as hormone balance, temperature, and width of blood vessels is called the

Autonomic nervous system

The effects of cortisol and epinephrine are mediated by the hormones

Both oxytocin and estrogen

A hormone secreted by the pituitary gland is called

Both oxytocin and vasopressin

Part of the subcortex responsible for coordination is called the

Cerebellum

The upper part of the brain responsible for thinking functions is called the

Cerebral cortex

What are the two major components of the brain

Cerebral cortex and subcortex

What is released by the hypothalamus and results in the release of adrenocorticotropic hormones

Corticotropin releasing factor

The primary glucocorticoid is called

Cortisol

The part of the subcortex responsible for regulating sleep is called the

Pons

The network of nerves that connects the mind and the body is called the

Reticular activating system

The substance in the mouth that starts to break down food is called

Saliva

Muscles attached to the bone are called

Skeletal muscle

The part of the digestive system into which the esophagus goes is called the

Small intestine

Muscles that control the contraction of internal organs are called

Smooth muscle

The lower part of the brain responsible for various physiological processes necessary to stay alive is called the

Subcortex

The part of the autonomic nervous system responsible for expending energy is called the

Sympathetic nervous system

A relatively frail person who pulls a car off of a child pinned beneath it would be an example of fight-or-flight

TRUE

Blood vessels constriction is a function of smooth muscle tissue

TRUE

Men and women respond to stress differently because of gender-based hormonal differences

TRUE

Muscle bracing can lead to a numerous states of poor health, such as headaches and backaches

TRUE

Norepinephrine and Epinephrine are more commonly known as adrenaline and noradrenaline

TRUE

Oxytocin, thyroxin, and vasopressin help the body prepare for a physical response to a stressor

TRUE

Stress causes a decrease in saliva production and an increase in hydrochloric acid

TRUE

The adrenal cortex secretes hormones that will cause an increase in blood glucose and blood pressure

TRUE

The cerebral cortex is also called the grey matter

TRUE

We often control our physiology and often allow ourselves to become ill

TRUE

The part of the diencephalon that relays sensory impulses to the cerebral cortex is called the

Thalamus

An endocrine gland that secretes the hormone thyroxin that is involved in the stress reaction is called the

Thyroid gland

What stimulates the thyroid gland to secrete thyroxin

Thyrotropic hormone

What is released by the hypothalamus and stimulates the pituitary gland to secrete thyrotropic hormone

Thyrotropic hormone releasing factor

The part of the subcortex responsible for the regulation of emotions is called the

Diencephalon

The system that is comprised of hormones that regulate physiological functions is called the

Endocrine system

A catecholamine secreted by the adrenal medulla, often called adrenalin, is

Epinephrine

The pipe food passes through to get into the stomach is called the

Esophagus

Brain cells destroyed by prolonged stress can regenerate themselves

FALSE

Cortisol and aldosterone are types of muscle tissue

FALSE

The parasympathetic nervous system is responsible for expending energy

FALSE

When measuring blood pressure, the higher number is the diastolic and the lower number is the systolic

FALSE

When we experience little or no stress, the limbic system is in charge, and when we have significant levels of stress, the cerebral cortex is in charge

FALSE

The electrodermal response, or the electrical conductance of the skin, is called

Galvanic skin response

The body system responsible for digestion is called the

Gastrointestinal system

_____________ regulates metabolism of glucose

Glucocorticoids

The part of the brain that "sounds the alarm" when stress is present is called the

Hippocampus

A substance found in the digestive system that helps break down food for digestion is

Hydrochloric acid

The part of the diencephalon that activates the autonomic nervous system is called the

Hypothalamus

The part of the autonomic nervous system responsible for conserving energy is called the

Parasympathetic nervous system

The hormonal increase of oxytosin and estrogen during the stress response

Initiates the tend and befriend response

The part of the digestive system that receives unusable food substance from the small intestine is called

Large intestine

The system that produces emotions, also known as the "seat of emotions," is called the

Limbis system

The part of the subcortex responsible for regulation of heartbeat and breathing is called the

Medulla oblongata

_______________ regulates the balance between sodium and potassium

Mineralocorticoid

Which of the following is not an example of an involuntary function

Muscle contraction

A catecholamine secreted by the adrenal medulla. often called noradrenalin, is

Norepinephrine