KINES 082 Chapter 2
The average blood pressure for a young adult is
120/80
The part of the adrenal gland that secretes corticoids is called the
Adrenal cortex
The inner portion of the adrenal gland that secretes catecholamine is called the
Adrenal medulla
What activates the adrenal cortex to secrete corticoid hormones
Adrenocorticotropin hormone
The stress response initiates increased levels of the hormone testosterone causing
Aggression
The primary mineralocorticoid is called
Aldosterone
When you encounter a stressor, the sympathetic nervous system regulates the body to
All of the above -increase heart rate -dilate pupils -dilate coronary arteries
Aldosterone is the primary mineral corticoid and is responsible for
All of these -an increase in blood volume -water retention -an increase in blood pressure
Cortisol is secreted from the adrenal cortex and is responsible for
An increase in blood sugar
The exit point for unusable food substance is called
Anal opening
The system that controls such body processes as hormone balance, temperature, and width of blood vessels is called the
Autonomic nervous system
The effects of cortisol and epinephrine are mediated by the hormones
Both oxytocin and estrogen
A hormone secreted by the pituitary gland is called
Both oxytocin and vasopressin
Part of the subcortex responsible for coordination is called the
Cerebellum
The upper part of the brain responsible for thinking functions is called the
Cerebral cortex
What are the two major components of the brain
Cerebral cortex and subcortex
What is released by the hypothalamus and results in the release of adrenocorticotropic hormones
Corticotropin releasing factor
The primary glucocorticoid is called
Cortisol
The part of the subcortex responsible for regulating sleep is called the
Pons
The network of nerves that connects the mind and the body is called the
Reticular activating system
The substance in the mouth that starts to break down food is called
Saliva
Muscles attached to the bone are called
Skeletal muscle
The part of the digestive system into which the esophagus goes is called the
Small intestine
Muscles that control the contraction of internal organs are called
Smooth muscle
The lower part of the brain responsible for various physiological processes necessary to stay alive is called the
Subcortex
The part of the autonomic nervous system responsible for expending energy is called the
Sympathetic nervous system
A relatively frail person who pulls a car off of a child pinned beneath it would be an example of fight-or-flight
TRUE
Blood vessels constriction is a function of smooth muscle tissue
TRUE
Men and women respond to stress differently because of gender-based hormonal differences
TRUE
Muscle bracing can lead to a numerous states of poor health, such as headaches and backaches
TRUE
Norepinephrine and Epinephrine are more commonly known as adrenaline and noradrenaline
TRUE
Oxytocin, thyroxin, and vasopressin help the body prepare for a physical response to a stressor
TRUE
Stress causes a decrease in saliva production and an increase in hydrochloric acid
TRUE
The adrenal cortex secretes hormones that will cause an increase in blood glucose and blood pressure
TRUE
The cerebral cortex is also called the grey matter
TRUE
We often control our physiology and often allow ourselves to become ill
TRUE
The part of the diencephalon that relays sensory impulses to the cerebral cortex is called the
Thalamus
An endocrine gland that secretes the hormone thyroxin that is involved in the stress reaction is called the
Thyroid gland
What stimulates the thyroid gland to secrete thyroxin
Thyrotropic hormone
What is released by the hypothalamus and stimulates the pituitary gland to secrete thyrotropic hormone
Thyrotropic hormone releasing factor
The part of the subcortex responsible for the regulation of emotions is called the
Diencephalon
The system that is comprised of hormones that regulate physiological functions is called the
Endocrine system
A catecholamine secreted by the adrenal medulla, often called adrenalin, is
Epinephrine
The pipe food passes through to get into the stomach is called the
Esophagus
Brain cells destroyed by prolonged stress can regenerate themselves
FALSE
Cortisol and aldosterone are types of muscle tissue
FALSE
The parasympathetic nervous system is responsible for expending energy
FALSE
When measuring blood pressure, the higher number is the diastolic and the lower number is the systolic
FALSE
When we experience little or no stress, the limbic system is in charge, and when we have significant levels of stress, the cerebral cortex is in charge
FALSE
The electrodermal response, or the electrical conductance of the skin, is called
Galvanic skin response
The body system responsible for digestion is called the
Gastrointestinal system
_____________ regulates metabolism of glucose
Glucocorticoids
The part of the brain that "sounds the alarm" when stress is present is called the
Hippocampus
A substance found in the digestive system that helps break down food for digestion is
Hydrochloric acid
The part of the diencephalon that activates the autonomic nervous system is called the
Hypothalamus
The part of the autonomic nervous system responsible for conserving energy is called the
Parasympathetic nervous system
The hormonal increase of oxytosin and estrogen during the stress response
Initiates the tend and befriend response
The part of the digestive system that receives unusable food substance from the small intestine is called
Large intestine
The system that produces emotions, also known as the "seat of emotions," is called the
Limbis system
The part of the subcortex responsible for regulation of heartbeat and breathing is called the
Medulla oblongata
_______________ regulates the balance between sodium and potassium
Mineralocorticoid
Which of the following is not an example of an involuntary function
Muscle contraction
A catecholamine secreted by the adrenal medulla. often called noradrenalin, is
Norepinephrine