Chapter 15

Levodopa causes nausea, vomiting, and anorexia. Therefore, administration should be given

with food or antacids to decrease gastrointestinal (GI) irritation.

Dopamine agonists have been linked with which adverse effects in patients with Parkinson's disease?

Sudden sleep events

Which vitamin will reduce the therapeutic effects of levodopa?

B6

Which cholinergic symptoms of Parkinson's disease are reduced with anticholinergic drugs?

Tremors and drooling

Patients taking monoamine oxidase B inhibitors should avoid

food and beverages with a high tyramine content, such as cheeses.

Selegiline orally disintegrating tablets should be taken

in the morning before breakfast, without liquid.

The nurse is preparing to begin administration of apomorphine to a patient. Before administering, the nurse will perform a baseline assessment of the patient's:

mobility. orientation. alertness. vital signs.

entacapone expected adverse reactions include:

Constipation, brownish orange urine and drowsiness

What is the rationale for administering levodopa instead of dopamine for treatment of Parkinson's disease?

Dopamine does not cross the blood-brain barrier when administered orally.

in a patient taking entacapone, dizziness is a symptom of orthostatic hypotension and dosages may

need to be altered.

adverse effect of levodopa therapy that would put a patient at risk for injury:

Orthostatic hypotension

What point(s) should be included when teaching a patient about the use of apomorphine for treatment of Parkinson's disease?

Apomorphine has no opioid activity, is commonly injected by a reusable multidose pen, and may cause nausea, vomiting, or sleepiness. Apomorphine brings temporary relief from hypomobility.

Parkinson's disease has which characteristic symptom(s)?

Muscle tremors Posture alterations Slow body movement, [bradykinesia]

What is the pharmacologic action of entacapone, a potent catechol O methyl transferase (COMT) inhibitor?

Reduces the destruction of dopamine in peripheral tissues

The nurse is providing information to a patient recently prescribed entacapone.

Dosage may be adjusted according to the patient's response.

Ciprofloxacin is an antibiotic that inhibits the metabolism of

rasagiline, significantly raising rasagiline serum levels and potentially causing significant hypertension.