Patho/Pharm Exam 1 Practice Questions

Which vitamin plays a major role in regulating calcium and phosphorus absorption? a. A b. B c. C d. D

D

The nurse is reviewing a patient's list of medications and notes that several have the highest abuse potential. According to US standards, the highest potential for abuse of drugs with accepted medical uses is found in drugs included in which schedule? a. II b. III c. IV d. V

a. II

when developing an individualized medication teaching plan, which topics will the nurse include? (Select all that apply) a. adherence to the prescribed drug regimen b. always using the prescribed drug route c. knowing adverse side effects to report to doctor d. always doubling the next dose if drug is missed e. telling the doctor when taking over the counter supplements

a. adherence to the prescribed drug regimen b. always using the prescribed drug route c. knowing adverse side effects to report to doctor e. telling the doctor when taking OTC supplements

The nurse is administering oral medications to a patient. Which are important considerations? (Select all that apply.) a. Always administer gastrointestinal (GI)-irritating drugs with food. b. Avoid mixing medications into infant formula. c. Enteric-coated capsules may be chewed. d. Stop oral medications for nausea and vomiting. e. Cut all transdermal patches to the correct dose.

a. always administer GI irritating drugs with food b. avoid mixing medications into infant formula d. stop oral medications for nausea and vomiting

The nurse prepares to administer medications. Which drug orders are complete? (Select all that apply.) a. Aspirin 81 mg PO daily b. Multivitamin sustained c. Vitamin D PO d. Ciprofloxacin 500 mg PO tid e. Promethazine 25 mg STAT

a. aspirin 81 mg PO daily d. ciprofloxacin 500 mg PO tid

when a patient has a cholinergic overdose from excessive dosing of bethanechol, the nurse anticipates administration of which drug as the antidote? a. atropine b. tolterodine c. benztropine d. metoclopramide

a. atropine

a patient is prescribed metoprolol to treat hypertension. it is important for the nurse to monitor the patient for which conditions? (SATA) a. bradycardia b. hypotension c. diaphoresis d. agitation e. erythema

a. bradycardia b. hypotension

the nurse is reviewing the medication list of a patient with hypokalemia. which products may contribute to the cause of this imbalance? (SATA) a. cortisone b. licorice c. azithromycin d. estrogen e. digoxin

a. cortisone b. licorice e. digoxin

The nurse researcher reviews the proposed informed consent form for a future clinical trial. The nurse expects to find which in the document? (Select all that apply.) a. Description of benefits and risks b. Identification of related drugs, treatments, and techniques c. Description of outcomes d. Statement of compensation for participants, if any e. Description of serious risks

a. description of benefits and risks b. identification of related drugs, treatments, and techniques d. statement of compensation for participants, if any e. description of serious risks

a patient is taking nitrofurantoin. what will the nurse teach the patient? a. expect the urine to turn brown b. keep the urine acidic by drinking milk c. rinse the mouth after taking oral nitrofurantoin to avoid staining teeth d. take an antacid with oral nitrofurantoin to avoid GI distress

a. expect the urine to turn brown

The nurse is doing preconception counseling with a patient. The patient asks why she must take folic acid (folate) during pregnancy. What is the nurse's response? a. Folic acid prevents neural tube defects in the developing fetus. b. Folic acid is known to lower blood glucose in diabetic patients. c. Folic acid in the gastrointestinal system prevents celiac disease. d. Folic acid will prevent migraine headaches in pregnant women.

a. folic acid prevents neural tube defects in the developing fetus

The nurse knows the importance of administering the right medication to the patient and that drugs have many names. It is therefore most important that drugs be ordered by which name? a. Generic b. Brand c. Trade d. Chemical

a. generic

three days after a patients total colectomy and ileostomy, he has a nasogastric tube for continuous suction and a foley catheter for continuous drainage. the night nurse reports a high output from the ileostomy. the patient's pulse is irregular, and he reports muscle weakness and leg cramping. based on this situation, the nurse would correctly suspect what type of imbalance? a. hypokalemia b. hyperkalemia c. hypomagnesemia d. hypochloremia

a. hypokalemia

The nurse is interviewing a patient in a Phase I clinical trial. Which patient statement indicates an understanding of this trial phase? a. I am doing this to be sure this drug is safe. b. I am doing this to be sure this drug is effective. c. I hope this drug is better than the current treatment. d. I can be part of demonstrating a cure.

a. i am doing this to be sure this drug is safe

A Native American patient is newly diagnosed with type 2 diabetes mellitus and is prescribed the antidiabetic drug metformin 500 mg by mouth with morning and evening meals. Which statement best indicates to the nurse that the patient will adhere to the therapeutic regimen? a. I will no longer put sugar on my cereal because that will help me be healthier. b. If I take this medicine, I will feel better soon and won't have to take it anymore. c. To reduce the possibility of damage to my body, I must take the medicine as scheduled. d. I have diabetes because of my ancestry, so there's not much I can do about it.

a. i will no longer put sugar on my cereal because that will help me be healthier

which are the clinical applications of pharmacogenetics? (select all that apply) a. improve quality outcomes b. customize patient plans of care c. decrease adverse effects of drug therapy d. reduce cost e. decrease treatment failures

a. improve quality outcomes b. customize patient plans of care c. decrease adverse effects of drug therapy d. reduce cost e. decrease treatment failures

a patient has hypernatremia. which components are appropriate to include in the Clinical Judgment (nursing process) plan of care? (SATA) a. instruct pt on seizure precautions b. keep appointments for laboratory tests c. a sign of hypernatremia is hypotension d. explain the meaning of fluid restriction e. instruct patient on how to read food labels

a. instruct pt on seizure precautions b. keep appts for lab tests d. explain the meaning of fluid restriction e. instruct pt on how to read food labels

what does the nurse know to be correct concerning the use of mannitol in patients? a. it decreases intracranial pressure b. it increases intraocular pressure c. it causes sodium and potassium retention d. it causes diuresis in several days

a. it decreases intracranial pressure

The nurse recognizes that when a patient takes a hepatic enzyme inducer, the dose of warfarin is usually modified in which way? a. It is increased. b. It is decreased. c. It remains the same. d. It is unpredictable.

a. it is increased

a patient is receiving fluid replacement. the nurse's primary clinical judgment (nursing process) plan of care and take action (nursing interventions) include which of the following statements? (SATA) a. measure patient's weight every morning b. know that thirst means a mild fluid deficit c. monitor fluid intake and fluid output daily d. avoid using calcium and chloride supplements e. review patient's daily electrolyte labs for changes

a. measure patients weight every morning b. know that thirst means a mild fluid deficit c. monitor fluid intake and fluid output daily e. review pt's daily electrolyte labs for changes

The patient asks the nurse how to dispose of old medications. What should the nurse tell the patient? (Select all that apply.) a. Mix old drugs with cat litter before disposing. b. Flush the medications down the toilet. c. Remove personal information from the bottle. d. Add water and crush drugs before disposing. e. Throw bottle of medications into the trashcan.

a. mix old drugs with cat litter before disposing c. remove personal information from the bottle

The nurse is aware that the rate of absorption can be changed by which actions? (Select all that apply.) a. Modifying gastric emptying time b. Changing gastric pH c. Decreasing inflammation d. Forming drug complexes e. Eating too slowly

a. modifying gastric emptying time b. changing gastric pH d. forming drug complexes

Which is appropriate nursing care for a patient receiving total parenteral nutrition (TPN) in an acute care setting? (Select all that apply.) a. Monitor patient's blood glucose level. b. Measure patient's fluid intake and output closely. c. Administer blood through the TPN line. d. Monitor the TPN insertion site for erythema. e. Monitor the patient's monthly weight. f. Sterile technique isn't necessary when accessing the patient's central TPN line.

a. monitor patient's blood glucose level b. measure patient's fluid intake and output closely d. monitor the TPN insertion site for erythema

The nurse is meeting with a community group about drug safety. The nurse must emphasize that patients at high risk for drug interactions include which groups? (Select all that apply.) a. Older patients b. Patients with chronic health conditions c. Patients taking three or more drugs d. Patients dealing with only one pharmacy e. Patients covered by private insurance

a. older patients b. patients with chronic health conditions c. patients taking three or more drugs

the nurse will question the health care provider if a drug with a half life (t1/2) of more than 24 hours is ordered to be given more than how often? a. once daily b. every other day c. twice weekly d. once weekly

a. once daily

the nurse will monitor the patient taking albuterol for which conditions? (SATA) a. palpitations b. hypertension c. hypoglycemia d. bronchospasm e. uterine contractions f. hypotension g. blurred vision

a. palpitations b. hypertension d. bronchospasm

when benztropine is ordered for a patient the nurse acknowledges that this drug is an effective treatment for which condition? a. parkinsonism b. paralytic ileus c. motion sickness d. urinary retention

a. parkinsonism

As the nurse prepares to administer oral medications, which nursing intervention is of "most importance" to ensure the patient's safety? a. Perform an assessment on the patient for risk of aspiration. b. Crush and mix the medications into the patient's meal. c. Administer drugs on a full stomach to avoid gastrointestinal (GI) upset. d. Administer unpleasant tasting drugs with a glass of water.

a. perform an assessment on the patient for risk of aspiration

which factors are taken into account in personalized medicine?(SATA) a. pharmacogenetics profile b. lifestyle choices c. environmental factors d. provider decision making e. life expectancy

a. pharmacogenetic profile b. lifestyle choices c. environmental factors

The Joint Commission recommends which of the following abbreviations for the "Do Not Use" list? a. qd b. NPO c. qid d. bid

a. qd

which electrolyte deficiency triggers the secretion of renin? a. sodium b. calcium c. chloride d. potassium

a. sodium low sodium ion concentration causes decreased blood volume, thereby resulting in decreased perfusion. decreased blood volume triggers the release of renin from the juxtaglomerular cells. deficiencies of calcium, chloride, and potassium do not stimulate the secretion of renin

The patient has questions about counterfeit drugs. Which factors alert the patient or nurse that a drug is counterfeit or adulterated? (Select all that apply.) a. Variations in packaging b. Unexpected side effects c. Different taste d. Different chemical components e. Different odor

a. variations in packaging b. unexpected side effects c. different taste

a patient comes to the office with a chief complaint of hair loss and peeling skin. the nurse notes many vitamins and minerals are on the medication list. the patient reports using vitamins to treat liver disease. the patient's complaint may be caused by an excess of which vitamin or mineral? a. vit a b. zinc c. vit c d. vit d

a. vitamin a

A patient is to start on a lidocaine transdermal patch. What is essential for the nurse to include in the patient's teaching? (Select all that apply.) a. Wear gloves when applying the patch. b. Cut the patch in half to decrease the dose. c. Wear gloves when removing the patch. d. Rotate placement of patch to different sites. e. Remove the patch if it becomes loose.

a. wear gloves when applying the patch c. wear gloves when removing the patch d. rotate the placement of patch to different sites

a patient gained 4.4 lb (2kg) and it has been determined that the weight gain is caused by fluid retention. the nurse correctly estimates that the weight gain may be equivalent to approximately how much fluid? a. 1 L b. 2 L c. 6 L d. 8 L

b. 2 L

A patient diagnosed with alcoholism has questions about his medications. The nurse correctly explains that alcoholism can be associated with deficiency of which vitamin? a. A (beta carotene) b. B (B-complex) c. D (ergocalciferol) d. K (phytonadione)

b. B (B-complex)

The nurse is explaining drug action to a nursing student. Which statement made by the nurse is correct? a. Water-soluble and ionized drugs are quickly absorbed. b. A drug not bound to protein is an active drug. c. Most receptors are found under the cell membrane. d. Toxic effects can result if the trough level is low.

b. a drug not bound to a protein is an active drug

the nurse realizes that cholinergic agonists mimi which parasympathetic neurotransmitter? a. dopamine b. acetylcholine c. cholinesterase d. monoamine oxidase

b. acetylcholine

the nurse knows that which statement is correct regarding nursing care of a patient receiving hydrochlorothiazide? (SATA) a. monitor patients for signs of hypoglycemia b. administer ordered potassium supplements c. monitor serum potassium and uric acid levels d. assess blood pressure before admin e. notify the health care provider if a patient has had oliguria for 24 hours f. assess for decreased cholesterol and triglyceride levels

b. administer ordered potassium supplements c. monitor serum potassium and uric acid levels d. assess blood pressure before admin e. notify the health care provider if a patient has had oliguria for 24 hours

what should the nurse do when a patient is taking furosemide? a. instruct the patient to change positions quickly when getting out of bed b. assess blood pressure before administration c. administer the drug at bedtime for maximum effectiveness d. teach the patient to avoid fruits to prevent hyperkalemia

b. assess the blood pressure before administration

which clinical finding leads the nurse to conclude that an IV has infiltrated rather than caused inflammation? a. pain b. coolness c. localized swelling d. cessation in flow of solution

b. coolness

Thick mucous gland secretions, elevated sweat electrolytes, meconium ileus, and difficulty maintaining and gaining weight are associated with which autosomal recessive disorder? a. cerebral palsy b. cystic fibrosis c. muscular dystrophy d. multiple sclerosis

b. cystic fibrosis

which action is the function of antidiuretic hormone? (ADH) a. reduces blood volume b. decreases water loss in urine c. increases urine output d. initiates the thirst mechanism

b. decreases water loss in urine

What information is essential for the nurse to document when giving drugs? (Select all that apply.) a. Document all drugs given by the end of a shift. b. Document the correct site of an injectable drug. c. Document the patient's response to the drug. d. Document the blood pressure before giving a drug. e. Document the date, time, and dose drug is given.

b. document the correct site of an injectable drug c. document the patient's response to the drug d. document the blood pressure before giving the drug e. document the date, time, and dose drug is given

A patient complains of night blindness. The nurse correctly recommends which foods? a. Skim milk and peas b. Fortified milk and eggs c. Nuts and yeast d. Enriched breads and cereals

b. fortified milk and eggs

A 3-year-old patient has an intramuscular medication ordered. What is the most appropriate approach to gain the child's cooperation? a. Engage a second nurse to hold the child's body down. b. Have the child give a pretend injection to a toy animal. c. Restrain the child's lower extremities and give injection. d. Request that all family members wait outside of the room.

b. have the child give a pretend injection to a toy animal

the patient has been receiving spironolactone 50 mg/day for heart failure. the nurse should closely monitor the patient for which condition? a. hypokalemia b. hyperkalemia c. hypoglycemia d. hypermagnesemia

b. hyperkalemia

a patient is taking hydrochlorothiazide 50 mg/day and digoxin 0.25 mg/day. the nurse plans to monitor the patient for which potential electrolyte imbalance? a. hypocalcemia b. hypokalemia c. hyperkalemia d. hypermagnesemia

b. hypokalemia

The nurse administers a variety of drugs to a patient. Which statement by the patient indicates a need for further teaching? a. "I do not eat or drink when I have sublingual nitroglycerin in place." b. "I mix the drugs in my dessert and hope I am not too full to finish." c. "I keep the drugs in the original containers with label attached to the bottle." d. "I store drugs in the medicine cabinet away from children and pets."

b. i mix the drugs in my dessert and hope I am not too full to finish

A patient takes iron on a daily basis. Which comment from the patient suggests the need for health teaching related to iron? a. I will swallow the tablet whole. b. I will take the tablet before I go to bed. c. I will drink a cup of water after swallowing the iron tablet. d. I will keep the tablets out of children's reach.

b. i will take the tablet before I go to bed

the nurse is administering atenolol to a patient. which concurrent drugs does the nurse expect most likely to cause an interaction? (SATA) a. ginseng b. insulin c.atropine d. haloperidol e. methyldopa

b. insulin c. atropine

a patient is receiving intravenous (IV) potassium supplements. what is the most important nursing implication when administering this drug? a. it is administered via a central vascular access device b. it is diluted with IV fluids and delivered by an infusion pump c. IV potassium must be chilled before administration d. IV potassium preparations should not contain preservatives

b. it is diluted with IV fluids and delivered by an infusion pump

during a medication review session, a patient states " i don not know why i am taking all of these pills." based on this piece of subjective data, which problem will the nurse identify? A. pain B. knowledge c. fatigue d. anxiety

b. knowledge

The nurse educator on the unit receives a list of high-alert drugs. Which strategy is recommended to decrease the risk of errors? (Select all that apply.) a. Store drugs on a shelf for quick retrieval. b. Limit access to high-alert drugs. c. Use special labels for high-alert drugs. d. Provide increased training to staff. e. Prior to administration, have two nurses confirm and document correct drug and dose.

b. limit access to high alert drugs c. use special labels for high alert drugs d. provide increased training to staff e. prior to administration, have two nurses confirm and document correct drug and dose

in which component of the nephron does furosemide decrease fluid reabsorption? Select all that apply a. glomerulus b. loop of henle c. distal tubules d. proximal tubules e. bowman capsule (BC)

b. loop of henle c. distal tubules d. proximal tubules furosemide (known as a loop diuretic) inhibits sodium and chloride reabsorption from the ascending loop of henle, proximal tubules and distal tubules.

a patient who is taking epinephrine is also taking several other medications. the nurse should realize that there is a possible drug interaction with which drugs? (SATA) a. albuterol b. metoprolol c. propanolol d. digoxin e. methyldopa

b. metoprolol c. propanolol d. digoxin e. methyldopa

which cation regulates intracellular osmolarity? a. sodium b. potassium c. calcium d. calcitonin

b. potassium -regulates intracellular osmolarity -regulates metabolic activities -transmission and conduction of nerve impulses, cardiac conduction and smooth and skeletal muscle contraction

Codeine is an example of a(n) _______________ as the cytochrome P450 system metabolizes the drug to facilitate receptor affinity. a. agonist b. prodrug c. antagonist d. enzyme

b. prodrug

The nurse routinely includes health teaching about vitamins to patients. Vitamin D has a major role in which process? a. Prevention of night blindness and improve vision b. Regulating calcium and phosphorous metabolism c. Important for growth and development in children d. Responsible for DNA and prothrombin synthesis

b. regulating calcium and phosphorous metabolism

the nurse in the clinical research setting is knowledgable about ethical principles and protection of human subjects. what principle is demonstrated by ensuring the patient's right to self-determination? a. beneficence b. respect for persons c. justice d. informed consent

b. respect for persons

a patient has heart failure, and a high dose of furosemide is ordered. what suggests a favorable response to furosemide? a. a decrease in level of consciousness occurs and the patient sleeps more b. respiratory rate decreases from 28/min to 20/min and the depth increases c. breath sounds reveal increased congestion and the patient complains of shortness of breath d. urine output is 50 ml/4 hours and intake is 200 ml

b. respiratory rate decreases from 28/min to 20/min and the depth increases

when developing an effective medication teaching plan, which component will the nurse identify as most essential? a. written instructions b. the patient's readiness to learn c. use of colorful charts d. a review of community resources

b. the patient's readiness to learn

The nurse is teaching a patient to use an inhaler. What common teaching point is essential for the nurse to include? a. Cleaning the metered-dose inhaler is not recommended. b. The semi-Fowler or high Fowler position is recommended. c. Spacers decrease delivery of medication and are not used. d. Nebulizers change the drug to a large-particle powder mist.

b. the semi-fowler or high fowler position is recommended

for the patient taking a diuretic, a combination such as triamterene and hydrochlorothiazide may be prescribed. the nurse realizes that this combination is ordered for which purpose? a. to decrease serum potassium level b. to maintain serum potassium level c. to decrease glucose level d. to increase glucose level

b. to maintain serum potassium level

a patient is receiving bethanechol. the nurse realizes that the action of this drug is to treat which condition? a. glaucoma b. urinary retention c. delayed gastric emptying d. gastroesophogeal reflux disease e. gastroparesis f. parkinsonism g. myasthenia gravis

b. urinary retention

the patient is taking tolterodine. the nurse plans to teach the patient to report which condition? a. alkaline urine b. urinary retention c. excessive tearing d.reddish-orange urine

b. urinary retention

which response would be given by a nurse providing discharge teaching to an older adult who was admitted to the hospital to be treated for dehydration when the client asks what to do about itchy, dry skin? a. wear plenty of warm clothes to keep moisture in the skin b. use a moisturizer on the skin daily to help reduce itching c. take hot tub baths only twice a week to reduce drying of the skin d. expose the skin to air to help reduce the sensation of itching

b. use a moisturizer on the skin daily to help reduce itching

The clinical research nurse knows that only a small proportion of drugs survive the research and development process. An appreciation of the process and associated costs grows when the nurse is aware that approximately one in how many potential drugs is approved by the US Food and Drug Administration? a. 100 b. 1000 c. 10,000 d. 100,000

c. 10,000

which teaching strategy is most likely to succeed in health teaching with the patient and family? a. know the reason why each drug was ordered b. have patients learn the generic name of each pill c. a repeat demonstration should follow the nurse's teaching d. have the patient identify the number and color of the pills

c. a repeat demonstration should follow the nurse's teaching

The nurse knows that the patient should be informed about the risks and benefits related to clinical research. What ethical principle does this describe? a. Respect for persons b. Justice c. Beneficence d. Informed consent

c. beneficence

the nurse teaches the patient receiving atropine to expect which side effect? a. diarrhea b. swearing c. blurred vision d. frequent urination

c. blurred vision

Nadolol is prescribed for a patient. The nurse realizes that this drug is a beta-adrenergic blocker and that this drug classification is contraindicated for patients with which condition? a. Hypothyroidism b. Angina pectoris c. Bronchial asthma d. Liver dysfunction

c. bronchial asthma

The Nursing Alliance for Quality Care's main focus is for health care providers to strive for which goal? A. quality in medication administration b. confidentiality as determined by the patient c. development of a patient relationship/family engagement d. patient independence within the family of origin

c. development of a patient relationship/family engagement

The nurse is reviewing the plan of care for a patient receiving enteral therapy. What is the most common complication of enteral therapy? a. Aspiration b. Constipation c. Diarrhea d. Muscle weakness

c. diarrhea

A patient asks the nurse for information about fat-soluble vitamins. What is the nurse's best response? a. Fat-soluble vitamins are metabolized rapidly. b. Fat-soluble vitamins cannot be stored in the liver. c. Fat-soluble vitamins are excreted slowly in urine. d. Fat-soluble vitamins can never be toxic.

c. fat soluble vitamins are excreted slowly in urine

which hormone aids in regulating intestinal calcium and phosphorous absorption? a. insulin b. thyroxine c. glucocorticoids d. parathyroid hormone

c. glucocorticoids

in which category of fluids would the nurse classify an intravenous solution of 0.45% sodium chloride? a. isotonic b. isomeric c. hypotonic d. hypertonic

c. hypotonic hypotonic solutions are less concentrated (contain less than 0.85 g of sodium chloride in each 100ml) than body fluids.

A prenatal patient tells the nurse that she is not taking vitamins because she heard that vitamins may cause damage to the fetus. What is the nurse's best response? a. Vitamins are beneficial to the pregnant mother and baby. b. Take extra vitamins now to make up for missed doses. c. Megadose of vitamins can be harmful in the first trimester. d. Taking vitamin doses above the RDA is not recommended.

c. megadose of vitamins can be harmful in the first trimester

which action will the nurse take in a client hospitalized for uncontrolled hypertension and chest pain on a daily diuretic for 2 days whose potassium level this morning is 2.7 mEq/L? a. send another blood sample to the laboratory to retest the serum potassium level b. notify the health care provider that the potassium level is above normal c. notify the health care provider that the potassium level is below normal d. no action is required because the potassium level is within normal limits

c. notify the health care provider that the potassium level is below normal

which components of pharmacokinetics does the nurse need to understand before administering a drug? (Select all that apply) a. drugs with a smaller volume of drug distribution have a longer half-life b. oral drugs are dissolved through the process of pinocytosis c. patients with kidney disease may have fewer protein-binding sites and are at risk for drug toxicity d. rapid absorption decreases the bioavailability of the drug e. when the drug metabolism rate is decreased, excess drug accumulation can occur, which can cause toxicity

c. patients with kidney disease may have fewer protein-binding sites and are at risk for drug toxicity e. when the drug metabolism rate is decreased, excess drug accumulation can occur, which can cause toxicity

A patient asks the nurse about drug interactions with over-the-counter preparations. Which is the nurse's best response? a. Discuss this with the health care provider. b. There are not many interactions, so don't worry about it. c. Read the labels carefully, and check with your health care provider. d. Avoid over-the-counter preparations.

c. read the labels carefully, and check with your health care provider

prioritize the steps of clinical judgment (nursing process) a. generate solutions (planning) b. analyze cues (analysis) c. recognize cues (Assessment) d. prioritize hypothesis (analysis) e. evaluate outcomes (evaluation) f. take action (intervention)

c. recognize cues (Assessment) b. analyze cues (Analysis) d. prioritize hypothesis(Analysis) a. generate solutions (planning) f. take action (intervention) e. evaluate outcomes (Evaluation)

a patient is receiving 10 mEq of potassium chloride in 100 ml of normal saline intravenously (IV) to infuse over 1 hour via infusion pump. the patient has a 22 gauge peripheral IV in his right forearm and reports pain at the insertion site; the nurse notes that the site is reddened, warm, and tender to the touch. which action would the nurse take? a. aspirate and check for blood return, and then slow the IV rate b. discontinue the IV, and then have a central line inserted c. stop the infusion, and discontinue the IV immediately d. apply warm compresses to the IV site and elevate extremity

c. stop the infusion, and discontinue the IV immediately

the nurse is developing a list of the patient's expected outcomes. which is the best expected outcome for this patient? a. the patient will self administer albuterol by taking a deep breath before inhaling b. the patient will self-administer albuterol by the end of the second teaching session c. the patient will independently self-administer the prescribed dose of albuterol by the end of the second teaching session d. the patient will organize their medications according to the time each medication is due

c. the patient will independently self administer the prescribed dose of albuterol by the end of the second teaching session

A patient asks the nurse, "What does copper do for me? I think it must be bad for me." What is the nurse's "best" response? a. Copper is needed for red blood cell formation. b. Be sure to include nuts and seeds in your diet. c. Why do you think copper is bad for you? d. Only take your prescribed dose of copper 5 mg/d.

c. why do you think copper is bad for you?

the nurse realizes that beta 1 receptor stimulation is differentiated from beta 2 stimulation in that beta 1 receptors lead to which condition? a. increased bronchodilation b. decreased uterine contractility c. increased myocardial contractility d. decreased blood flow to skeletal muscles

c.increased myocardial contractility

The clinic nurse is preparing to administer an intradermal injection. Which needle and gauge are most appropriate for this procedure? a. ¾- to ⅝-inch needle, 25- to 27-gauge b. ⅝- to 1½-inch needle, 18- to 25-gauge c. 1- to 1½-inch needle, 20- to 21-gauge d. ¼- to ½-inch needle, tuberculin syringe

d. 1/4-1/2 inch needle, tuberculin syringe

the health care provider orders a hypertonic crystalloid IV solution for a 70 year old patient. which solution will the nurse hang? a. lactated ringers b. 0.45% sodium chloride (NaCl) c. 0.9% sodium chloride (NaCl) d. 5% dextrose in 09.% sodium chloride (NaCl)

d. 5% dextrose in 0.9% sodium chloride (NaCl)

which volume of solution would be prepared when the nurse receives an order to prepare a solution for administering a cleansing enema for an adolescent client? a. 150 to 200 ml b. 250 to 350 ml c. 300 to 500 ml d. 500 to 750 ml

d. 500 to 750 ml

The nurse is describing to a patient the synergistic effects of two of his medications. Which statement by the nurse is correct about synergistic drug effects? a. Two drugs have antagonistic effects on each other. b. The action of a drug is nullified by another drug. c. One drug acts as an antidote to the side effects of another drug. d. A greater effect is achieved when two drugs are combined.

d. a greater effect is achieved when two drugs are combined

The Quality and Safety Education for Nurses' focus on safety is best exemplified by which competency? a. Patient advocacy b. Technology c. Infection control d. Collaborative patient and family care

d. collaborative patient and family care

A patient refuses to take the prescribed medication. Which is the nurse's best response to this patient? a. Leave the medication at the patient's bedside. b. Persuade the patient to take the medication. c. Tell the patient there is no choice in the matter. d. Explain the benefits and side effects of the drug.

d. explain the benefits and side effects of the drug

The research nurse is meeting with a patient and determines, based on the assessment, that the patient meets inclusion criteria for clinical research. The patient agrees to participate in the clinical trial. The nurse advises the patient that which member of the health care team has the responsibility to explain the study and respond to questions? a. Registered nurse b. Pharmacist c. Research associate d. Health care provider

d. health care provider

a patient is given epinephrine, an adrenergic agonist (Sympathomimetic). the nurse should monitor the patient for which condition? a. decreased pulse b. pupil constriction c. bronchial constriction d. increased blood pressure

d. increased blood pressure

the nurse is administering bethanechol, a cholinergic agonist, and should know that the expected cholinergic effects include which of the following? a. increased heart rate b. decreased peristalsis c.decreased salivation d. increased pupil constriction

d. increased pupil constriction

dicylomine is an anticholinergic which the nurse realizes is given to treat which condition? a. mydriasis b. constipation c. urinary retention d. irritable bowel syndrome

d. irritable bowel syndrome

a patient is receiving solifenacin succinate. the nurse knows that this drug is used to treat which condition? a. chronic cystitis b. UT stones c. UTI d. overactive bladder e. urinary retention f. neurogenic bladder

d. overactive bladder

a patient complains about a burning sensation and pain when urinating. which urinary analgesic does the nurse suspect will be ordered? a. tolterodine b. oxybutynin c. bethanechol d. phenazopyridine

d. phenazopyridine

The nurse is administering an intramuscular injection to a 5-year-old child. Choose the correct site the nurse will use. a. Ventral forearm b. Dorsogluteal c. Deltoid muscle d. Ventrogluteal

d. ventrogluteal

the nurse is reviewing a patient's laboratory test results and current medications and notes that the patients prothrombin time is prolonged. the nurse checks the patients medication list. what vitamin or mineral might be contributing to this? a. vit a b. selenium c. vit d d. vit e

d. vit e