Kinesiology Final Exam - Dr. Priest
What is the power output required for a 186lb athlete to lift 200lb a distance of 2 ft in 1 second (ftxlbs per second)?
400
In order to stabilize the elbow and prevent movement, one might __________ the biceps and triceps
Cocontract
The agonists at the shoulder during delivery of the bowling ball down the lane includes the anterior deltoid, short head of the biceps, and the
Coracobrachialis
Which muscle acts synergistically with the short head of the biceps during shoulder flexion?
Coracobrachialis
If a 2nd class lever has a FA longer than th RA, what's the advantage (gain)?
Force
What is a primary action of the iliopsoas?
Hip flexion
Which is a primary action the gluteus Maximus?
Hip hyperextension
Identify an antagonist at the hip during the concentric phase of the squat
Iliopsoas
Muscle that is antagonistic to the teres major
Infraspinatus
Muscle whose origin is on posterior surface of scapula
Infraspinatus
Part of rotator cuff
Infraspinatus
The lateral collateral ligament is also called the ____________ collateral
LCL
Identify muscle(s) which elevate the shoulder
Levator scapula
Other factors equal, which is more stable?
Lower center of gravity & wider base of support
Cartilage on the outside of the knee joint
Medial meniscus
Identify the agonist at the shoulder in the standing press:
Middle deltoid
Infraspinatus has proximal attachment (origin) on
Scapula
The pectorals minor is an agonist in
Scapular abduction
In the illustration, clockwise from the upper left, the action of the muscle identified by the third large blank is
Scapular adduction
Excessive lateral curvature of the lumbar spine is called
Scoliosis
Identify the agonist at the shoulder in the bench press
Sternal portion of pectoralis major
What is the equation for velocity?
a x t
What is the acceleration of gravity?
a= 32ft/s/s or 9.8m/s/s
Function of pectoralis minor:
abduction of scapula
Articulation at distal clavicle
acromioclavicular
Joint at distal clavicle
acromioclavicular
Describe the action of the long head of the tricep during shoulder hyperextension
agonist
Describe the action of the long head of the tricep during shoulder hyperextention
agonist
What muscle (s) act (s) antagonistically with vistas lateralis?
all of these
Muscle which is antagonistic to posterior deltoid
anterior deltoid & pectoralis major
Identify a possible solution if the force on a 3rd class lever does not overcome the resistance
any of these
Uppermost vertebrae
atlas
The hamstrings are agonists in knee flexion, and when the knee is flexed the __________ also functions as an agonist in lateral rotation
biceps femoris
With a 1st class lever, identify a possible solution if the force does not overcome the resistance?
bigger force and/or longer FA
In a first class lever, if the fulcrum is closer to the force:
change of direction, increase in distance, & decreased force
Origin of short head of biceps
coracoid process
Proximal attachment of coracobrachialis
coracoid process
If the resistance arm in a 3rd class lever is 10x the force arm:
distance increases 10x & force decreases 10x
3rd Class Lever
effort in the middle. Gains distance/speed and loses force
Recruitment of he levator scapula would cause the scapula to
elevate
What is the equation for work?
force x distance
What is the equation for power?
force x distance /time
1st Class Lever
fulcrum in the middle. Gains force/distance
Name the cavity which serves as the "socket" for the proximal end of the humerus
glenoid fossa
Teres major has distal attachment on the
humerus
Origin of long head of triceps
infraglenoid tuberosity
Al the hamstring muscles originate on the
ischial tuberosity
During the concentric phase of the squat, the pectorals major contracts ________ in order to provide should stability
isometrically
the fibular collateral ligament is also known as the
lateral collateral
Origin of clavicular portion of pectoralis major
proximal clavicle
Distal insertion of the brachioradialis is the
radius
2nd Class Lever
resistance in the middle. Gains force, loses speed
The scientific name of the shoulder blade is the
scapula
Function of the serratus anterior
scapular abduction
What is the function of the serratus anterior?
scapular abduction
The muscles of the hamstring include semitendenosus, biceps femoris, and
semimembranosus
Muscles that may be agonists at either the hip or the knee include the rectus femoris, semimembranosis, and the
semitendenosus
What is the equation for time? (t)
sqrt(2s/a)
Joint at proximal clavicle
sternoclavicular
Seperation at proximal clavicle
sternoclavicular
Muscle on anterior scapula
subscapularis
Vectors may be combined by
subtraction & multiplication
Muscle functioning in medial rotation of humerus
teres major
How much work is done by moving 100kg a distance of 10m?
1000kgm
In this 2nd class lever, the FA is 10x the RA--what is the result of a 100kg force applied for a distance of 1m?
100kg - 1m
In this 1st class lever, the fulcrum is in the center--what is the result of a 100kg force applied through 2.5m distance?
100kg -2.5m opposite direction
In a 1st class lever, if the resistance arm is the same length as the force arm, how much force is needed to move 100lbs?
100lbs Feedback: EA x E = RA x R
A punter has a hang-time of 5.3 seconds; to what height (in feet) did the ball go?
112
How far will a shot-put fall in 1 second?
16 feet
quantities which have both magnitude and direction are called
Vectors
What is the velocity (ft/second) of an object which free falls for 6 seconds?
192
Elbow extension is an example of what lever and advantage?
1st class, distance advantage
What class ever and what advantage is demonstrated by the elbow during tricep extentions?
1st class/distance
What class lever and what advantage is demonstrated by the quarterback's elbow throwing a foreword pass?
1st class/distance
A resultant is a term to describe the combined effect of
2 or more vectors
What is the equation for distance (s)?
(1/2a)t^2
How much force is needed to bench press 200lbs?
200lbs
What is the power output during lifting a 220lb barbell 2ft in 2 seconds (kgm per second)?
220
A ball was dropped from the top of the Astrodome and took 3.9 seconds to hit the ground. From what height was it dropped?
243 feet
What class lever and what advantage is demonstrated by the ankle (heel raises) during the standing squat?
2nd class/force
What is the average power output of a 75kg athlete to run 400m in one minute (kgm per minute)?
30000
How far will a shot-put dropped off of the football stadium bleachers fall in 4.5 seconds?
324ft or 99m
BIOMECHANICS What class lever is represented by elbow flexion?
3rd class
Knee extension is what class lever and what advantage?
3rd class lever, distance advantage
What class lever and advantage is demonstrated by the elbow during Bicep curls?
3rd class/distance
What class lever and advantage is demonstrated by the first of the basketball player shooting a jump shot?
3rd class/distance
What class lever and advantage is demonstrated by the knee kicking a ball?
3rd class/distance
What class lever and what advantage is demonstrated by the knee during the hamstring curl?
3rd class/distance
What class lever and what advantage is demonstrated by the shoulder during the bench press?
3rd class/distance
A golf ball was hit with a 9 iron and stayed in the air for 3.5 seconds. What height (in feet)did it reach?
49
During knee extension, the RA is 10x the FA--what is the result of the quads contracting w/ a force of 500kg for .1m?
50kg -1m
A ball reaches a height of 155 ft, how long will it be in the air (sec) from when it was kicked to when it hits the ground?
6.2
An arrow shot straight p to a height of 152 feet will stay in the air how many seconds?
6.2
Velocity is distance per unit of time (v=s/t); what is the average velocity of a sprinter who runs 220 meters in 20 seconds?
660 meters per minute
A golf ball was hit with a 3 iron and was in the air for 4.3 seconds. what height did it reach?
74 feet
What is the power output of a 110lb athlete to jump over a .5m high bar 30 times in a minute (kgm per minute)?
750
What is the initial vertical velocity of a punt which has a hang time of 4.8 seconds (v=at)
77 ft/second
The acceleration (a) of a free falling object is 32 ft/sec/sec. What is the initial-vertical velocity (v) of a punt which has a "hang time" of 5.0 seconds (v=at)?
80 ft/sec
What is the total distance traveled (in meters)for an object which has dropped for 4.3 seconds?
91
A golf ball was hit with a 6 iron and was in the air for 4.8 seconds. To what height did the ball go?
92
What is the velocity of an object (in ft/sec) which has free-fallen for 2.88 seconds?
92
Describe the action of the short head of the bicep during shoulder flexion
Agonist
Muscle which assistant in elbow extension
Anconeus
Describe the action of the pectorals minor during scapular adduction
Antagonist
Describe the action of the short head of the biceps on the throwing arm during delivery of an overhand baseball pitch
Antagonist
Identify a muscle which is shortening during the concentric phase of the bench press:
Anterior deltoid
Which muscle acts with the pectorals major in horizontal adduction of the humerus?
Anterior deltoid
Although the primary action of the biceps femurs is working synergistically with the other hamstring muscles, what can it also assist in?
Bent knee lateral-rotation
* Levers * Identify a first class lever; fulcrum is:
Between force and resistance
Muscles attached to coracoid process of scapula
Biceps short head, coracobrachialis, & pectoralis minor
When the study of mechanics is limited to living things, especially the human body, it is called
Biomechanics
The quadricep muscles include the rectus femurs, vests laterals, vests medals, and
Vastus intermedius
Origin of serratus anterior
Outer surface of nine rips
Agonist in horizontal adduction of humerus
Pectoralis major
Muscle that works synergistically with anterior deltoid in horizontal adduction of humerus
Pectoralis major
Muscle that is antagonistic to rhomboid major and minor
Pectoralis minor
Identify a muscle which is lengthening during the concentric phase of the bench press:
Posterior deltoid
Identify antagonist(s) in the bench press
Posterior deltoid
Muscle acting in scapular adduction (retraction)
Rhomboids
Which muscle is antagonistic to the subscapularis?
Teres minor & infraspinatus
Identify units expressing power output:
m per min
Functions of teres major
medial rotation
When the elbows are fully extended in the bench press, identify the agonist at the shoulder which can abduct the scapula
pectoralis minor & serratus anterior
Muscle assists in dorsiflexion of ankle
peroneus Tertius & anterior tibialis
Agonists in ankle eversion include the meroneus longs, peroneus braves, and the
peroneus tertius
Which muscle aids in dorsiflexion?
tibialis anterior
