KNS 335 Chapter 6

Identify the characteristics of lightning detectors. (Check all that apply.)

-If it flashes in the 0-6 range, it is considered to be a threatening environmental condition. -It determines whether the storm is moving toward, away from, or parallel to a position.

In mild hypothermia, rectal temperature will be between _____.

98.66°F to 95.6°F

_____ indicates dehydration in an athlete.

A loss of greater than 2% of body weight

_____ must be considered when determining individual susceptibility to heat stress.

Body build

How is ozone formed in the atmosphere?

By the action of sunlight on hydrocarbons, acting in combination with nitrogen dioxide

smog

Carbon monoxide, sulfur dioxide and Particulate matter that emanates from the combustion of a fossil fuel

Identify the signs and symptoms of moderate and severe hypothermia. (Check all that apply.)

Cessation of shivering Slurred speech Very cold skin upon palpitation

_____ can help prevent heat rashes from developing in an athlete's body.

Continually toweling the body

_____ is a moderate form of heat illness that occurs from environmental heat stress and strenuous physical exercise

Exertional heat exhaustion

True or false: Weight loss to make a predetermined weight limit is better achieved through dehydration.

False

A damp, freezing cold

Frost nip

Dry temperatures well below freezing

Frostbites

Identify a characteristic of sulfur dioxide as a pollutant.

It causes an increased resistance to air movement into the lungs.

Identify a true statement about nitrogen dioxide.

It is a light brown gas that is a component of urban haze.

Identify a characteristic of exertional heatstroke.

It is a serious, life-threatening emergency.

Identify a characteristic of ozone as a pollutant. Multiple choice question.

It is the main component of the air pollution referred to as smog.

Identify a characteristic of exertional heat exhaustion.

It occurs as a result of dehydration.

Identify a true statement about acute exertional rhabdomyolysis.

It occurs during intense physical exercise in humid conditions.

Identify a characteristic of carbon monoxide.

It restricts the release of oxygen to the body tissue.

Identify a true statement about the guidelines for athletes who want to intentionally lose weight.

It should not be accomplished by dehydration

Identify a characteristic of the acclimatization process undertaken by athletes.

It should start well before the advent of a competitive season.

Identify a true statement about the premature aging of the skin due to long-term exposure to ultraviolet light.

Lightly pigmented individuals are more susceptible.

Identify a characteristic of sun protection factor (SPF).

Lower values of SPF indicate shorter periods of protection against exposure to ultraviolet light

Identify a true statement about the newer psychrometers that use digital sensors.

Recording the temperature takes about 90 seconds.

Which of the following is an advantage of using newer psychrometers that use digital sensors?

They are easy to use and inexpensive.

Identify a characteristic of heat cramps.

They are extremely painful muscle spasms

True or false: Hyperthermia is not fatal and can be cured easily.

This is false. Hyperthermia has caused a number of deaths at the secondary-school, collegiate, and professional levels.

Identify the signs and symptoms of hypothermia. (Check all that apply.)

Vigorous shivering Mild amnesia Lethargy

Identify a true statement about the physiological efficiencies of men and women at body temperature regulation when working in heat.

Women are more physiologically efficient at body temperature.

Identify the sources of particulate matter. (Check all that apply.)

Wood burning Vehicle exhaust Factory smokestacks

Symptoms of acute mountain sickness have been attributed to _____.

a tissue disruption in the brain

A heat rash is localized to areas of the body that _____.

are covered with clothing

A symptom of severe hypothermia is _____.

arrhythmia

Exposure to particulate air pollution for a long time can cause _____.

asthma attacks

The weights of an athlete should be measured _____.

before and after practice

Heat cramps occur commonly in the _____.

calf and abdomen

_____ is a colorless, odorless gas which reduces hemoglobin's ability to transport oxygen and restricts the release of oxygen to the tissue.

carbon monoxide

Acute exertional rhabdomyolysis is a syndrome characterized by _____.

catabolic destruction of skeletal muscle

The sodium and potassium imbalance that is one of the symptoms of acute mountain sickness _____.

causes excess fluid retention in the cells

An athlete gets a heat rash when there is _____.

continual wetness of the skin due to unevaporated sweat

During _____, sweat glands in the skin allow water to be transported to the surface, where it takes large quantities of heat with it.

evaporative heat loss

_____ is a benign condition that is accompanied by sensations of prickling and tingling during sweating

heat rash

_____ is associated with rapid physical fatigue during overexposure to heat

heat syncope

When the temperature and radiant heat of the environment become _____, the loss of body heat becomes highly dependent on the process of sweat evaporation.

higher than body temperature

_____ is a condition in which, for one reason or another, body temperature is elevated.

hyperthermia

Exercise-associated _____ is a condition involving a fluid disorder that results in an abnormally low concentration of sodium in the blood.

hyponatremia

A lightning detector is a handheld instrument with an electronic system to _____.

identify the presence of lightning strikes

Exercise-associated hyponatremia is most often caused by _____.

ingesting a lot of fluid before, during, and after exercise

Heat syncope in an athlete can be relieved by _____.

laying the athlete down in a cool environment

_____ is produced from combustive processes, such as in automobiles, power plants, home heaters, and gas stoves.

nitrogen dioxide

Photochemical Haze

nitrogen dioxide and stagnant air acted on by sunlight to produce ozone

Heat syncope is caused by _____.

peripheral vasodilation of superficial vessels

One of the most serious effects of long-term exposure of the skin to ultraviolet light is _____ of the skin.

premature aging

Gradual acclimatization of athletes to avoid heat illnesses should involve _____ over a 7- to 14-day period.

progressive exposure

Circadian dysrhythmia is a syndrome that _____.

reflects a desynchronization of an athlete's biological clock

Heats syncope occurs when an athlete _____.

stands in the heat for long periods of time

Exertional heatstroke is induced by _____.

strenuous physical exercise

_____ is a colorless gas that is a component of burning coal or petroleum.

sulfur dioxide

When working in heat, women are more physiologically efficient at body temperature regulation than men because they _____.

sweat less

The sun protection factor denotes _____.

the effectiveness of a sunscreen in absorbing radiation

Local cooling of the body can result in _____.

tissue damage

Athletes _____ are particularly prone to heat illness

with a large muscle mass