L5 Study Guide Questions - Linux Filesystem Administration

The _________________________ filesystem is the CD-ROM filesystem which is a filesystem that originated from the International Standards Organization recommendation 9660 and is used to access data stored on CDs and DVDs.

iso9660

When an ext3 filesystem is created on a disk device, one directory called __________________ is created by default.

lost + found

Use the _____________ to determine which of these configurations is used for the CD-ROM

ls -1 /dev/cdrom

To create a PV partition, use the _________________ command.

pvcreate

The _______________________ command is used to display detailed information about each PV.

pvdisplay

The _______________________ command is used to add a new PV to an existing VG

pvscan

(quit without saving changes)

q

The ______________________ command allows regular users to view their own quotas and current usage.

quota

After boot time, the _________________________ and _________________________ commands toggle the quotas on and off, respectively.

quotaon and quotaoff

The ________________________ command gathers a report for quotas by user on the filesystem.

repquota

When the Linux system is first turned on, a filesystem present on the hard drive is mounted to the / directory. This is referred to as the _________________________ filesystem and contains most of the operating system files.

root

_________________________ allow the user to extend the hard disk quota limits for a certain period of time (usually seven days by default).

soft limits

Use the _________________________ command to deactivate the swap partition.

swapoff

Use the _________________________ command to activate the swap partition.

swapon

________________________ is the process of writing data stored in RAM to the hard disk.

syncing

State the two required partitions (at a minimum) for a Linux system.

the root partition the swap partition for virtual memory

A flash drive should be unmounted before it is ejected. true or false???

true

After a flash drive has been formatted with a filesystem, it must be mounted on the directory tree before it can be used. true or false????

true

Any existing directory can be a mount point. The existing files are just covered up in the directory true or false????

true

Each partition in a Linux system can have its own unique filesystem. True of false

true

If a device file is corrupted, it will be listed as a regular file true or false????

true

The entire /dev directory can fit on a floppy disk (less than 1.44 MB). true or falso

true

The _____________________ command can be used to change or "tune" filesystem parameters after a filesystem has een created.

tune2fs

The ________________________ filesystem is the Universal Disk filesystem which is a filesystem used by software programs that write to a CD-R, CD-RW or DVD writable disks.

udf

The __________________________ command is used to unmount devices from mount point directories.

umount

The _________________________ filesystem is a filesystem used by DOS and Windows computers that supports long file names.

vfat

The _______________________ command is used to create a VG that uses the space in PVs. The arguments are name of the VG and PVs to be used.

vgcreate

The ______________________ command is used to display detailed information about each VG.

vgdisplay

The _________________________ command is used to increase the size of an LV, e.g., to use space extended onto an existing VG.

vgextend

A __________________________ is a partition with its own filesystem.

volume

A ___________ contains one or more PVs. It represents the pool of hard disk storage space that is available to the LVM for creating logical volumes.

volume group (VG)

(write table to disk)

w

After rebooting the computer, the partition must be formatted, then mounted and unmounted. TRUE OR FALSE??

True

CDs typically use the iso9660 filesystem type and are not writable. They should be mounted with the -r (read-only) option TRUE OR FALSE

True

CDs/DVDs cannot be ejected until properly unmounted because the drive is locked. TRUE OR FALSE

True

It is good form to always reboot your machine after running fdisk to ensure proper reloading of the partition table into memory. TRUE OF FALSE??

True

The LVM has error correction abilities that minimize the chance that data will be corrupted or lost. TRUE OR FALSE???

True

(delete a partition)

d

The _____________________ command monitors the free space used by mounted filesystems. This command with the -h option is more user friendly or at least humanly-readable.

df (disk free space)

The _______________________ command views the size of a directory and contents in Kilobytes.

du (directory usage)

The _____________________ command views the total number of inodes and free inodes for an ext2, ext3 or ext4 filesystem. The -h option should be used.

dumpe2fs

The ______________________ command can be used to edit certain user quotas.

edquota

The _______________________ filesystem is the second extended filesystem which is the traditional filesystem used in Linux. It supports access control lists (individual user permissions)

ext2

The ________________________ filesystem is the third extended filesystem which is a variation on ext2 that allows for journaling and thus, has a faster startup and recovery time

ext3

The _________________________ filesystem is the fourth extended filesystem which is a variation on ext3 that has larger filesystem support and speed enhancements.

ext4

The _________________________ command creates partitions after installation. The user needs to specify the hard disk partition as an argument.

fdisk

The ________________________ is an organization imposed on the physical storage media that is used to manage the storage and retrieval of data.

filesystem

_________________________ a drive is creating a filesystem on the device.

formatting

The ________________________ command checks a filesystem for errors

fsck (filesystem check)

__________________________ are the limits on the number of files or total disk storage space on a hard disk drive that are available to the user.

hard disk quotas

_______________________ are rigid quotas and prevent the user from exceeding these hard disk limits.

hard limits

Large hard drives (> 2 TB) use a __________________________ in place of the MBR to allow for the additional addressing of sectors.

(GPT) GUID partition table

_____________________ are the usable volumes that are created by the LVM from the available storage space within a VG. LVs contain a filesystem and are mounted to a directory in the Linux filesystem hierarchy.

(LV's) Logical Volumes

____________________ is used to create volumes.

(LVM) Logical volume manager

The partition definitions are stored in the first readable sector of the hard disk, known as ____________________.

(MBR) Master boot record or (MBB) Master boot block

________________________ are unused partitions on hard disks that the LVM can use to store information.

(PV's) physical volumes

The _________________________ directory grows in size continuously as it stores log files. Old log files should be removed periodically to leave room for new ones.

/var

A _________________________ is a physical division of a hard drive.

partition

The _________________________ directory contains a device file for each device on your computer.

/dev

Quotas are typically enabled at boot time if there are entries in ________________________ file.

/etc/fstab

The _______________________ file is used to mount devices at boot time and it is also consulted when users do not specify enough arguments with the mount command.

/etcfstab

In a GUI environment, the CD or DVD is automatically mounted to a directory underneath the __________ directory.

/media

The _____________________ directory contains most utilities and installed programs on a Linux system and should have enough room for future software installations.

/usr

A filesystem with several small files might use up all of the inodes in the inode table and prevent new files from being created on the filesystem. TURE OR FALSE???

True

_______________________ are unusable areas of a disk that cannot hold a magnetic charge.

bad blocks

this method transfers chunks or blocks of data at a time using physical memory to buffer the transfer

block

To see a list of devices that are currently used on the system and the major numbers, use the __________ command.

cat /proc/devices

this method transfers data to and from the device in the system character-by-character

character

Filesystems themselves can accumulate errors over time and these errors are often referred to as filesystem _____________________ and are common on most filesystems.

corruption

The ________________________ command is used to create LVs from available space in a VG.

lvcreate

m (print this menu)

m

The __________________________ number of a device file points to the device driver for the device in the Linux kernel. It may be shared, i.e., two hard drives.

major

The __________________________ number of a device file indicates the particular device itself, i.e., the first loopback drive, etc.

minor

The _______________________ command is used to format a disk device with a filesystem.

mkfs (make filesystem)

The __________________________ command with the -t option allows the system administrator to specify the filesystem type

mkfs (make filesystem)

The __________ command is used to create an ISO image from a directory of files.

mkisofs

The ___________ command is used to create an ISO image from a directory of files

mkisofs

The _________________________ command can be used to re-create a corrupted device file or recreate a deleted file. The command must have the file type, the major and minor numbers

mknod

Use the __________________________ command to prepare the swap partition.

mkswap

The _______________________ filesystems that are used, the _________________________ likely a corrupted filesystem will interfere with normal system operations.

more, less

The _________________________ command with no options or arguments displays a list of currently mounted filesystems in the /etc/mtab file

mount

The __________________________ command is used to mount devices to mount point directories

mount

A __________________________ is a directory to which a device is attached.

mount point

______________________ a drive refers to the process of making a device accessible to users via the logical directory tree.

mounting

(add a new partition)

n

(print the partition table)

p