Lab 7 - Muscle Terminology and Muscles of the Head, Neck, and Trunk

The origin of the external obliques includes ribs __________.

5 through 12

Focus your attention on sections (a) and (b) in Focus Figure 10.1. Please pay close attention to the footnote describing flexion and extension of the knee and ankle.Which of the following statements is correct regarding muscle position and its related action?

A muscle that crosses on the posterior side of the knee joint produces flexion.

Which description of a muscle action is NOT correct? A) Antagonists counter the action of a prime mover. B) Fixators hold joints in place, so movement does not occur. C) Synergists help agonists. D) Agonists are the prime movers for an action.

Fixators hold joints in place, so movement does not occur.

Focus your attention on sections (c) and (d) in Focus Figure 10.1. Which of the following statements is correct regarding muscle position and its related action?

The teres major crosses on the medial side of the shoulder joint to produce adduction.

A prime mover or __________ produces a particular type of movement.

agonist

Which functional group has the major responsibility for countering a specific movement?

antagonist

The pectoralis major muscle can be divided into groups of fibers superior, or __________, and inferior, or __________.

clavicular; sternocostal

The actions of the internal obliques include __________.

compression of the abdomen to assist in forced expiration

As the prime mover of arm abduction, the middle fibers of the _________ contract to move the arm laterally away from the body.

deltoid

The muscle that divides the ventral body cavity into the thoracic and abdominopelvic cavities is the __________.

diaphragm

Which muscles act as antagonists to the muscles responsible for trunk flexion?

erector spinae muscle group

Which muscles are most responsible for the inspiration phase of normal breathing?

external intercostal muscles and diaphragm

The transversus abdominus muscle is innervated by the __________.

intercostals nerves

The ____________________ and deltoid posterior fibers are prime movers of arm extension.

latissimus dorsi

Which major muscles of the trunk insert on the medial edge of the scapula to draw the scapulae together and to tilt the glenoid cavity downward?

levator scapulae and rhomboids

The key actions of the pectoralis major muscle are __________.

medial rotation and adduction

The pectoralis minor muscle is innervated by the __________.

pectoral nerves

The __________________ crosses the anterior side of the shoulder joint and is the prime mover of arm flexion.

pectoralis major

The latissimus dorsi is an antagonist of the ____________________ for arm flexion

pectoralis major

Which of the following is incorrectly paired? A) pectoralis major; arm abduction B) trapezius; scapula rotation C) deltoid; arm flexion D) latissimus dorsi; medial arm rotation

pectoralis major; arm abduction

The origins of the rectus abdominus muscle are on the __________.

pubic bone

Which of the following muscles of the trunk originates on the pubic crest?

rectus abdominis

This type of muscle tissue is found in the walls of hollow organs. It has no striations, and its cells are spindle shaped. It is __________.

smooth muscle

The major head flexor muscles are the __________.

sternocleidomastoid muscles

The _____________ is an antagonist of the deltoid for arm abduction.

teres major