LEAD 400 Knowledge Checks Exam 1

What is the distinction between leadership theory and a leadership model?

A theory is used to predict and understand leadership, while a model is a summary of a theory.

Husain, what decision should I make to handle this situation?

Advice

A department's members dislike their manager and have one of the lowest levels of morale in the company, but the department is a top performer. This leader is demonstrating the ______ leadership style.

Authority Compliance

______ is the ability to act according to different cultural practices.

Behavioral CQ

Leaders who aren't afraid to assert themselves and take charge are likely high on which dimension of the Big Five?

Dominance

The statement "I was hoping Helen would stop making negative cracks to coworkers if I ignored it, but it has been going on now for a week," reflects which of the following?

Extinction

T/F - Contingency leadership theories attempt to explain the most effective leadership styles and behaviors for all situations.

False

T/F - Employers often say that college graduates have excellent critical thinking skills.

False

T/F - Leaders who use high-structure and low-consideration behavior typically share decision-making and use two-way communications with their employees.

False

T/F - Through the performance process, people progress from need, to motive, to behavior, to consequence, to satisfaction or dissatisfaction.

False

T/F - When all else fails, leaders can coerce employees in order to influence their behavior.

False

I try to treat people the way I want them to treat me.

Golden Rule

I will not lie to you. It's against my religion to lie.

Golden Rule

Our HR staff is recommending our department have more social events so employees can get to know each other better to promote more motivated teamwork.

Hierarchy of needs

In the Ohio State University study on definitive leader behaviors, leaders who focus on the job (or task) to be completed are demonstrating what leadership style?

Initiating Structure Behavior

______ skills are your ability to work with people based on trusting relationships.

Interpersonal

______ are the most common reason why leaders fail.

Interpersonal skills

According to the University of Michigan Leadership Model, a leader who takes charge to get the job done likely has a(n) ______ leadership style.

Job-centered

Which of the following best describes Fiedler's beliefs about leadership style?

Leadership styles are basically constant and difficult to change.

According to Blake, Mouton, and McCanse, what kind of leader might oversee a department that has an average productivity level compared to the other departments in the company?

Middle of the road leader

The idea that leaders' attitudes toward and expectations of followers often predict followers' behavior and performance is called the ______.

Pygmalion Effect

______ refers to the degree to which the context enables the leader to exert influence over the followers.

Situational favorableness

______ skills are the easiest of the three management skills to develop.

Technical

T/F - A leader letting a follower do the job their own way to avoid a conflict is an example of the leader exhibiting agreeableness.

True

T/F - A manager who states "Heather, I like your report. Send it to the VP right away," exercises a highly autocratic leadership style.

True

T/F - According to Blake, Mouton, and McCanse, the team leader style is generally the most appropriate for all situations.

True

T/F - An effective leader tends to have Theory Y attitudes with a positive self-concept.

True

T/F - Leadership is considered a core competency for career readiness.

True

T/F - Managers with Theory Y attitudes are generally more productive than those with Theory X attitudes.

True

T/F - Most of today's contingency research focuses on team leadership.

True

T/F - Personality is based on genetics and environmental factors, which means our personalities are partly innate, and partly learned.

True

T/F - The Iowa Studies contributed to a shift from purely researching leadership traits to instead focusing on leadership behavior.

True

T/F - The University of Michigan leadership model is one-dimensional with two leadership styles, while the Ohio State model is two-dimensional.

True

T/F - The purpose of the content, process, and reinforcement motivation theories is to understand employee needs.

True

T/F - The statement "Kevin, here at Skating World, we focus on hiring people who love kids and want to give them a great birthday party. Does this job sound interesting to you?" is an example of the two-factor theory?

True

T/F - The statement "To double revenues by year end 2033" reflects how a goal should be measurable.

True

T/F - The three-pronged approach is designed to help you explore theory and concepts related to leadership, apply leadership theory through critical thinking, and develop your leadership skills.

True

T/F - When making decisions followers will like and want to implement, there is less need to involve them in the decision.

True

What three factors work together to determine performance?

ability, motivation, resources

A management major is studying hard for many hours to maintain his A average.

achievement

I only take candy once in a while. Jean takes one every day.

advantageous comparison

A person is going to talk to a coworker to resolve a conflict they have.

affiliation

It's not my fault. Kevin started breaking it, so I just joined in.

attributing blame

The extent to which an employee wants to be told what to do and how to do it is connected to which of the following situational factors?

authoritarianism

A leader who tells employees what to do, makes all decisions, and closely supervises workers is an example of a(n) ______.

autocratic leader

Exerting control and demanding good performance are parts of ______.

autocratic management

Tannenbaum and Schmidt developed a contingency theory that argued that leadership behavior is on a continuum from ______ leadership.

boss-centered to subordinate-centered

Which leadership theory paradigm is based on the idea that good leadership often depends on the situation and that leadership style is likely to shift depending on the leader, the followers, and the organization?

contingency

Which model is primarily concerned with making effective decisions while encouraging the growth of employees?

develop-driven

We all do it, so don't worry about it. Everyone takes candy without paying for it.

diffusing responsibility

In Fiedler's contingency leadership model, the first step is to ______.

discover if you are task-or-relationship-oriented

I lied to the customer because my boss told me to.

displacement of responsibility

take corrective action during a crisis that interrupts business

disturbance-handler

Carla, yes. You are being disciplined for breaking the ethics rule.

enforcement of ethical standards

Task structure, formal authority, and work group are considered ______ situational factors in the path-goal leadership model.

environment

The ______ approach means that decisions and organizational practices are based on the best available scientific research findings.

evidence-based management

Carla, because you processed the last order late, I'm not going to give you overtime.

extinction

A leader who participates as the group diagnoses the problem and sets limits within which a decision should be made is using a ______ leadership style.

facilitate

Which leadership role represents the organization at public events and at outside meetings held by other organizations?

figurehead

Ability, knowledge, experience, and training are considered characteristics of ______.

followers

A manager tells employees what he wants them to do, with a tough deadline that is achievable.

goal-setting

At the ______ level of analysis, the focus is on the relationship between two or more people.

group

Of the interrelated levels of analysis in leadership, which provides the foundation for good performance?

individual

The three categories of managerial roles are ______.

interpersonal, informational, and decisional

The ______ view of ethics states that ethical decisions should be made to treat everyone fairly and impartially.

justice

Hank's using ethical behavior is a good demonstration of how we should make ethical decisions.

lead by example

The ______ is a shared mindset that represents a way of thinking about, studying, researching, and understanding how to influence team members.

leadership paradigm

network to develop and maintain relationships and attend professional meetings

liaison

A(n) ______ is about knowing where you are going and setting goals to get there.

mission

gather information by talking to others and reading reports, memos, and trade publications

monitor

Which of the following is considered a descriptive leadership model?

path-goal leadership model

A person is refusing to be the chairman of the committee.

power

Individuals who tend to take control of situations, seek to influence others, and are competitive have a high need for ______.

power

______ leadership models tell the user exactly which style to use in a given situation.

prescriptive

Ted, you know the rule. If you are late, we reduce your pay by an hour. No excuses.

punishment

Wanita is thanking an employee for doing a good job processing an order.

reinforcement

schedule, request authorization, and perform budgeting activities

resource-allocator

Which of the following are considered characteristics of the task?

routine

______ is the desire to develop one's full potential and is the highest level of need according to the hierarchy of needs theory.

self-actualization

Which refers to the positive and negative attitudes people have about themselves?

self-concept

Which type of leader always puts their team first?

servant leader

I try to make sure that everyone affected by my decisions gets a fair deal.

stakeholder's approach

Authoritarianism, locus of control, and ability are considered ______ situational factors in the path-goal leadership model.

subordinate

Encouraging your employees to engage in the decision-making process and make collective decisions about tasks is an example of ______ leadership.

subordinate-centered

Which refers to the characteristics of the subordinate, task, and organization that replace the need for a leader or neutralize the leader's behavior?

substitutes for leadership

What three skills are necessary to succeed as a leader?

technical, interpersonal, decision-making

The purpose of ______ is to reliably categorize most, if not all of the traits you would use to describe someone.

the Big Five model of personality

When researchers refer to the "universality of leadership traits," they are referring to ______.

the understanding that traits matter when it comes to effective leadership

The ______ paradigm attempts to explain distinctive characteristics that account for leadership effectiveness.

trait

Which is defined as distinguishing personal characteristics?

traits

A good follower needs to be able to ______.

voice ideas and share opinions that may influence their leader