Learning Unit 4 | PrepU | Chapter 22 | Infection Control

The nurse is caring for a client admitted with tuberculosis. The client asks why the nurse wears a respirator, gown, and gloves whenever they are in the room. How should the nurse respond? "This equipment is just standard precautions for all clients." "Because of the tuberculosis, I need to follow airborne precautions for protection." "The droplet precautions are to protect me from the tuberculosis." "I wear the equipment to protect you from anything I could give you."

"Because of the tuberculosis, I need to follow airborne precautions for protection."

A family member with a mild upper respiratory infection comes to visit a client in a long-term care facility. The nurse takes the opportunity to teach the family member about preventing the spread of the cold. What response by the family member indicates that the nurse's teaching was successful? "I will use tissue to cover my nose and mouth while I am visiting and will refrain from touching my family member." "I will not visit my family member in the first 3 days of my cold." "I will obtain a mask from the staff and wash my hands before touching my family member." "If I sneeze or cough, I will make sure to cover my mouth with hand or tissue."

"I will obtain a mask from the staff and wash my hands before touching my family member."

The friend of a long-term care client comes to visit despite having an upper respiratory infection. What health teaching will the nurse share with the visitor? "As long as you cough and sneeze into the bend of your elbow you won't spread the infection to your friend." "If you wash your hands before coming in contact with your friend you will prevent infection during your visit." "You should not visit your friend if you have an infection of any kind because your friend may also get sick." "Please get a mask from the staff upon entry and use a mask along with hand hygiene when visiting to prevent the spread of infection to your friend and others."

"Please get a mask from the staff upon entry and use a mask along with hand hygiene when visiting to prevent the spread of infection to your friend and others."

The nurse reminds the visitor of a client with an antibiotic-resistant infection that gloves are necessary. The visitor states, "I need to directly hold my loved one's hand without a barrier." What essential information does the nurse need to explain to the visitor to prevent transmission of the organism? "Your loved-one understands why you have to wear gloves because he or she has been educated about the infection and barrier precautions." "If you do not wear gloves you will also get the infection." "The glove is an important barrier in preventing the transmission of your loved-one's antibiotic-resistant infection to you or other people you come in contact with." "Your loved-one has an antibiotic-resistant infection which means that there are a limited number or no antibiotics available to treat it."

"The glove is an important barrier in preventing the transmission of your loved-one's antibiotic-resistant infection to you or other people you come in contact with."

The nurse educator is reminding a group of new nurses about precautions. Which statement by a new nurse requires further teaching by the nurse educator? "It is important to refrain from recapping needles." "Wearing an N95 respirator is critical when I care for clients in droplet precautions." "Masks, gloves, and gowns should be used to protect from infectious agents." "I will always wash my hands thoroughly and often."

"Wearing an N95 respirator is critical when I care for clients in droplet precautions."

A nurse is reviewing an adult client's chart and sees that the client is overdue for a tetanus booster. How many years must have elapsed for the client to require this vaccination? 10 years 7 years 1 year 5 years

10 year

A client in the emergency department waiting room is showing signs of respiratory symptoms. The nurse should inform the client to keep approximately what distance from others? 4 ft (1.3 m) 1 ft (0.3 m) 2 ft (0.7 m) 3 ft (1 m)

3 ft (1 m)

A nurse is caring for a client who is on droplet precautions. What distance should be maintained between this client and other noninfected clients and visitors? R 3 ft (1 m) 4 ft (1.3 m) 1 ft (0.3 m) 2 ft (0.7 m)

3 ft (1 m)

Two nurses collect contaminated items from the room of an incontinent client in isolation with a urinary tract infection. Which best indicates to the nurse that the double-bagging method has failed? The person holding the second bag manipulates the bag underneath a folded cuff. The isolation bag is over three-fourths full. The person holding the second bag is outside the isolation room. A wet disposable pad is protruding from the bag.

A wet disposable pad is protruding from the bag.

The nurse has finished caring for a client on contact precautions. Which nursing action regarding the stethoscope used to auscultate this client's lungs and bowel sounds is appropriate? Sterilize it by placing it in the autoclave. Discard it in the waste can. Disinfect it with alcohol swabs. Do nothing; it can be used again immediately.

Disinfect it with alcohol swabs.

The nurse is assisting with a lumbar puncture. To prevent the risk of bacterial meningitis during this procedure, which action will the nurse take? Have the client don full personal protective equipment. Don a face shield just before the needle used for the puncture is inserted. Don a medical mask prior to entering the procedure room. Ensure the procedure takes place in a negative-pressure room.

Don a medical mask prior to entering the procedure room.

A nurse is working in a hospital to which a client has been admitted with pulmonary tuberculosis. Which action will the nurse take when using correct precautions with this client? Thoroughly wash protective gloves before the next use. Remain in the room with the client at all times. Don an N95 respirator mask prior to entering the client's room. Wear a medical mask and gown upon each entry to the client's room.

Don an N95 respirator mask prior to entering the client's room.

A veteran nurse is working with a new graduate nurse. The graduate nurse states that she was exposed to a client's blood and that she was not wearing any PPE. Which would be considered significant blood exposures by occupational health? Select all that apply. Hepatitis B HIV Hepatitis C Tuberculosis

Hepatitis B HIV Hepatitis C

The nurse is caring for a client who has active tuberculosis and is under airborne precautions. The health care provider prescribes a computed tomography (CT) examination of the chest. Which action by the nurse is appropriate? Place a surgical mask on the client and transport to the CT department at the specified time. Request that the examination be done at the bedside. Notify the CT department in advance so other clients and staff can be removed from the area. Question the need for the examination, because the client must remain under airborne precautions.

Place a surgical mask on the client and transport to the CT department at the specified time.

A client has undergone gastrointestinal surgery. While the nurse is caring for this client, the client suddenly experiences hematemesis. The nurse is not wearing goggles and splashes of the hematemesis enter the nurse's eyes. After ensuring the client's safety and comfort, which action will the nurse take first in response to the fluid exposure? Contact first aid for assistance. Report the incident to the supervisor. Complete a risk assessment form. Rinse the eyes with normal saline.

Rinse the eyes with normal saline.

The nurse is caring for several clients assigned single rooms on a medical-surgical unit. In which client(s) can the nurse safely carry out hand hygiene using hand sanitizer instead of washing hands with soap and water? Select all that apply. The nurse is going from one room to another to introduce themself at the start of the shift. The nurse is exiting a room after completed indwelling urinary catheter care. The nurse has assisted a client with changing and caring for a new colostomy. The nurse has just completed documentation and is entering another client's room. The nurse has entered the client's room to adjust settings on the intravenous pump.

The nurse is going from one room to another to introduce themself at the start of the shift. The nurse has just completed documentation and is entering another client's room. The nurse has entered the client's room to adjust settings on the intravenous pump.

A nurse is in charge of care for a client who has methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). Which guideline is accurate for using transmission-based precautions when caring for this client? Wear gloves whenever entering the client's room. Keep visitors 3 feet (1 m) from the client. Use respiratory protection when entering the room. Place the client in a private room that has monitored negative air pressure.

Wear gloves whenever entering the client's room.

A nurse is caring for a child who is hospitalized for diphtheria. Which guideline would be appropriate when caring for this client? Ensure that hard surfaces in the room are disinfected at least once per day. Wear personal protective equipment (PPE) when entering the room for all interactions that may involve contact with the client. Use a private room with the door closed at all times. Place client in a private room that has monitored negative air pressure.

Wear personal protective equipment (PPE) when entering the room for all interactions that may involve contact with the client.

A nurse provides care for a diverse population of clients on a busy acute medicine unit. Which client is likely the most susceptible to infection? a 70-year-old man who has been diagnosed with polycythemia (excess red blood cell production) a 39-year-old man who has been admitted because his HIV has recently developed into AIDS a 27-year-old woman who was admitted in hyperglycemic crisis (high blood glucose) and who has subsequently been diagnosed with type 1 diabetes a 55-year-old woman who developed acute kidney failure because of poorly controlled diabetes

a 39-year-old man who has been admitted because his HIV has recently developed into AIDS

The nurse is caring for an older adult with pulmonary tuberculosis. Which precautions will the nurse begin? droplet airborne none contact

airborne

For which client would the use of standard precautions alone be appropriate? a client with diphtheria who needs p.m. care a client with TB who needs medications administered an incontinent client in a nursing home who has diarrhea a child with chickenpox who is treated in the emergency room

an incontinent client in a nursing home who has diarrhea

The nurse is initiating isolation precautions for a client who has chronic Clostridium difficile infection. What should the nurse be sure to include with these precautions? recognize that this type of infection requires droplet precautions be sure that there are gloves of various sizes and gowns for use include a N95 respirator mask for health care staff entering the room remind others to use a mask when caring for this client

be sure that there are gloves of various sizes and gowns for use

The nurse is caring for a client with tuberculosis. The prior shift's nurse has placed the client in droplet precautions. Which is the appropriate nursing action? change to airborne precautions change to standard precautions continue with droplet precautions change to contact precautions

change to airborne precautions

The nurse is caring for an older adult with pneumonia. Which assessment finding requires immediate nursing intervention? reports increased fatigue client is more difficult to arouse oral temperature 99°F (37°C) weight loss of 1 lb (0.5 kg) over 1 month

client is more difficult to arouse

The client is an employee on the medical unit at the local children's hospital. The nurse is an occupational health nurse educating the client on various routes of exposure. The nurse knows that as a hospital employee, the client is most susceptible to infection by what mode of transmission? airborne droplet contact vehicle

contact

The nurse is caring for a 27-year-old client who presents with possible signs of an infected abdominal wound. Which action should the nurse prioritize and initiate after receiving the results of the laboratory test indicating the client has methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) infection? droplet contact airborne reverse isolation

contact

The nurse is caring for a client with a draining abscess. Which precautions will the nurse begin? droplet airborne contact none

contact

The nurse is caring for a client with acute viral conjunctivitis. Which precautions will the nurse begin? airborne none droplet contact

contact

The nurse is caring for a pediatric client who became very ill after being in a day care where a number of other children are sick with the same condition. How will the nurse document this condition? Select all that apply. contagious disease communicable disease infectious disease health care-associated infection (HAI) noncommunicable disease

contagious disease communicable disease infectious disease

The nurse is admitting a client to the unit who needs frequent airway suctioning. Which precautions will the nurse select for the client? droplet respiratory contact airborne

droplet

The nurse is caring for an older adult with influenza. Which precautions will the nurse begin? airborne none droplet contact

droplet

The nurse is caring for an older adult with streptococcal pneumonia. Which precautions will the nurse begin? none contact airborne droplet

droplet

Which are the names of the transmission-based precautions defined by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)? Select all that apply. droplet precautions airborne precautions contact precautions respiratory precautions body fluid precautions microbial precautions

droplet precautions airborne precautions contact precautions

Personal protective equipment for use with standard precautions includes which items? Select all that apply. eye protection disposable head cover disposable gloves disposable shoe covers face mask fluid-repellent gown

face mask disposable gloves eye protection fluid-repellent gown

A client has been admitted to the hospital with signs and symptoms that are characteristic of pulmonary tuberculosis and a STAT chest x-ray has been ordered. What action best reduces the risk of transmission to clients and staff? place a mask over the client's mouth and nose before transport to radiology fit a respirator to the client's nose and mouth in anticipation of transport facilitate a portable x-ray in the client's room rather than transporting the client administer an antitussive medication prior to the x-ray to reduce the client's cough

facilitate a portable x-ray in the client's room rather than transporting the client

When discontinuing use of a gown in the care of a client in droplet precautions, which method does the nurse use to dispose of this personal protective equipment (PPE)? fold soiled side to the outside and roll with outer surface exposed fold soiled side to the inside and roll with outer surface exposed fold soiled side to the inside and roll with inner surface exposed fold soiled side to the outside and roll with inner surface exposed

fold soiled side to the inside and roll with inner surface exposed

Two nurses are working together to double-bag some contaminated items from the room of a client in isolation. What is a role of the "clean" nurse? places the contaminated bag inside the clean bag folds the top of the clean bag down on the outside to make a collar or cuff touches only the inside of the clean bag places dirty items into a bag and closes the top

folds the top of the clean bag down on the outside to make a collar or cuff

A lead nurse is removing personal protective equipment after dressing the infected wounds of a client. Which is the priority nursing action? make contact between two clean surfaces make contact between two contaminated surfaces remove the garments that are most contaminated handwashing before leaving the client's room

handwashing before leaving the client's room

A nurse is taking stock of the equipment in the room of an older adult client with pneumonia who has been on parenteral nutrition for a long time. Which equipment can transmit infection to older adult clients? indwelling catheter specimen containers face shields bath blanket

indwelling catheter

The nurse is receiving a confused client with a draining wound onto the medical-surgical unit. Which room assignment will the nurse make? with a client with pneumonia with another client with a draining wound with a client with a myocardial infarction into a private room

into a private room

The nurse is providing care to a client who is hospitalized due to a severe COVID-19 infection. Prior to exiting the client's room, which personal protective equipment will the nurse remove last? gown gloves goggles mask

mask

The nurse is caring for a client who has a colonized infection. What assessment data does the nurse anticipate collecting? alternating periods of nausea and vomiting no signs or symptoms reports of feeling well because the infection has resolved fever of 100° F (37.78° C)

no signs or symptoms

A client comes to the emergency department reporting becoming very ill after consuming shrimp and lobster. How will the nurse document this condition? contagious disease infectious disease communicable disease noncommunicable disease

noncommunicable disease

An 83-year-old resident of an extended-care home has begun displaying uncharacteristic confusion over the past 48 hours, and a new infection is suspected. However, the nurse has documented that the client's temperature is within normal limits. When performing further assessments of this client, the nurse should understand that: older adults may present atypical signs and symptoms of infection. infections have a much slower onset in older adults than in younger adults. laboratory testing is usually the only indicator of infection in older adults. older adults typically have more antibodies to fight infection than do younger adults.

older adults may present atypical signs and symptoms of infection.

A nurse is working with a 55-year-old woman diagnosed with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). This nurse has another client that day who has an upper respiratory infection. What is the most important thing the nurse can do to prevent the client with HIV from acquiring the upper respiratory infection? avoid direct contact with the client wear a mask and gown in the client's room wear gloves when touching the client perform hand hygiene before and after entering the client's room

perform hand hygiene before and after entering the client's room

A nurse is working with a 55-year-old woman diagnosed with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). This nurse has another client that day who has an upper respiratory infection. What is the most important thing the nurse can do to prevent the client with HIV from acquiring the upper respiratory infection? wear gloves when touching the client wear a mask and gown in the client's room perform hand hygiene before and after entering the client's room avoid direct contact with the client

perform hand hygiene before and after entering the client's room

The latest CDC guidelines designate standard precautions for all substances except: vomitus. sweat. blood. urine.

sweat.

A nurse is caring for a 55-year-old postoperative client. The client returns to the ICU after surgery intubated and mechanically ventilated with a Salem sump nasogastric tube, a Foley catheter, and a PICC line in place. Based on the nurse's knowledge of the most common hospital-acquired infections, which apparatus is most important to remove first? urinary catheter endotracheal tube Salem sump nasogastric tube PICC line

urinary catheter

Which is not appropriate regarding the use of gowns as PPE? use of paper or cloth gowns use of one gown per person per shift use of a new gown each time the nurse enters the room donning a gown when splashing

use of one gown per person per shift

A nurse needs to send the blood and urine specimen of a client with acute diarrhea to the pathology laboratory. Which precaution is the priority when collecting and delivering the specimens to the laboratory? use sealed containers in a plastic biohazard bag use disposable cover gowns and goggles use a particulate air filter respirator use thoroughly washed gloves

use sealed containers in a plastic biohazard bag

A team of nurses is caring for a client with tuberculosis. They have not been fitted for N95 respirators. How will the team proceed with care? enter the room as normal but maintain a 3-foot (1-meter) distance from the client use a regular mask and continue to provide care as usual refrain from providing care until a nurse who has been fitted arrives utilize a powered air purifying respirator (PAPR)

utilize a powered air purifying respirator (PAPR)

A nurse is caring for a client with rubella. What precautions should the nurse take when caring for this client? use a special high-filtration particulate respirator wear a mask when working within 3 ft (1 m) of the client change gloves after contact with the client's infective material wash hands with an antimicrobial agent or waterless antiseptic agent

wear a mask when working within 3 ft (1 m) of the client

A client is being admitted to the hospital with a positive tuberculosis test and suspicious chest x-ray. Which measure by the nurse is appropriate? after removing protective equipment, discarding the items in a hamper outside the room teaching the client to dispose of tissues in a special sealed device wearing a particulate air filter respirator during client care posting infection control measures on the room door, identifying the disease

wearing a particulate air filter respirator during client care