Lecture six 9/27/2022

Moral personality

-Moral action > moral reasoning -Naruaez + Lapsley -Moral exemplars

Psychological tools

-Words -Language* -Mathematical tools

Preconventional reasoning

1. heteronomous morality: punishment and obedience 2. individualism, instrumental purpose, and exchange: eye for eye

Conventional reasoning

3. mutual interpersonal expectations/relationships, and interpersonal conformity 4. social systems morality: law and order, respect for the law, good citizen 4.5. "the cynic": community laws are made up by people

Private Speech (Vygotsky)

Children's self-talk, which guides their thinking and action; eventually internalized as silent inner speech (inner monologue)

Piagets theory of moral development

Heteronomous Morality -4-7 yrs -Realizing there is good in the world, and there is evil -Kids understanding of good and evil Autonomous Morality -8 and older -The intentions of people -Can be good or bad, depending on the intention

Postconventional reasoning

People develop own moral code 5. Social contract or utility and individual rights: follow spirit of the law but not the law itself, human spirit > law 6. Universal ethical principles: if something is wrong, you HAVE to take action

Kohlberg's Theory of Moral Development

preconventional, conventional, postconventional

moral development

what you think is right and wrong

Vygotsky

zone of proximal development and scaffolding