Lesson 3 Quiz - Sociology

The term meritocracy is defined by the text as: a) A bureaucracy where membership and advancement is based on proven and documented skills. b) A status-based regime in which advancement is unlikely. c) The removal of personal feelings from a professional situation. d) The authoritarian devalue of an employee .

a) A bureaucracy where membership and advancement is based on proven and documented skills.

Functionalist Émile Durkheim viewed society as: a) An organism in which each portion plays a vital role in keeping the organism stable and healthy b) Split between two classes categorized by education, kinship, and religion c) The product of class struggle, requiring social revolutions to correct rampant class inequality d) An even playing field composed of the educated and uneducated

a) An organism in which each portion plays a vital role in keeping the organism stable and healthy

Karl Marx's Communist Manifesto is based on the ____ perspective. a) Conflict Theory b) Institutionalism c) Symbolic Interactionism d) Functionalism

a) Conflict Theory

Which of the following is NOT an example of organic solidarity? a) A Ford Motors employee assembling taillights on an assembly line b) A freelance artist creating a sculpture of Barack Obama c) A fast-food employee putting burgers into their buns d) A toll-booth employee collecting toll change

b) A freelance artist creating a sculpture of Barack Obama

The concept anomie can be defined as: a) When one or more of an individual's roles clash. b) A situation in which society no longer has the support of a firm collective consciousness. c) How strongly a person is connected to his or her social group. d) A person's beliefs and ideology are in conflict with her best interests.

b) A situation in which society no longer has the support of a firm collective consciousness.

____ societies relied on permanent tools for survival, and expanded due to innovations such as crop rotation and fertilizer. a) Industrial b) Agricultural c) Hunter-gatherer d) Feudal

b) Agricultural

Christine is president of her Improvisation Comedy Troupe. When making decisions about booking gigs, rehearsal spaces, and call-times, Christine leaves the troupe to decide for themselves. Christine is a(n) _____ leader. a) Republican b) Laissez-faire c) Authoritarian d) Democratic

b) Laissez-faire

Solomon Asch concluded that one reason people conform to a group is because they believe: a) Dissent is a form of weakness. b) The group is better informed than they are. c) Large groups never make mistakes. d) They are too weak to decide for themselves.

b) The group is better informed than they are.

Which of the following is an example of role strain? a) Krista lands a role on Days of Our Lives and begins receiving fan mail from fans across the country. b) Alex takes a sabbatical from his job as a professor of Molecular Biology to raise his two young children. c) Becca returns to work after giving birth to her daughter, finding it difficult to act as mother, wife, and executive. d) Derek attends law school and becomes a lawyer, though he dreams of one day becoming the next John Grisham.

c) Becca returns to work after giving birth to her daughter, finding it difficult to act as mother, wife, and executive.

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of a bureaucracy: a) Explicit rules b) Impersonality c) Personality-based promotion d) Clear division of labor

c) Personality-based promotion

A judge and her gavel. A cop and his gun. A lawyer and her power suit. A ____ would be most concerned with the parts these objects play in impression management. a) Feminist b) Conflict theorist c) Symbolic interactionist d) Functionalist

c) Symbolic interactionist

The United States Government is a form of: a) A coercive organization b) A normative organization c) A total institution d) A bureaucracy

d) A bureaucracy

Ivanka Trump is the daughter of business mogul Donald Trump. Her role as heiress to the Trump fortune is an example of ______. a) The looking-glass self b) Achieved status c) The Thomas Theorem d) Ascribed status

d) Ascribed status

The concept "reference groups" can be defined as: a) Groups a person belongs to and feels are an integral part of his or her identity. b) Groups which consist of people for whom an individual feels great disdain. c) People who share similar characteristics but who are not connected in any way. d) Groups to which an individual compares himself or herself.

d) Groups to which an individual compares himself or herself.

______ describes how any action that is repeated frequently becomes cast into a pattern. a) Institutionalization b) Industrialization c) Rationalization d) Habitualization

d) Habitualization

An instrumental leader: a) Promotes emotional strength and health, ensuring that people feel supported. b) Rejects gender roles in the name of the feminist movement. c) Refers to the main focus or goal of the leader. d) Is goal-oriented and largely concerned with accomplishing set tasks.

d) Is goal-oriented and largely concerned with accomplishing set tasks.

When Michael starts high school, he joins the basketball team. He begins to look to his teammate friends for cues on how to behave at dances, in the hallways, and even in the classroom. Michael's basketball team is serving as Michael's _____. a) Out-group b) Secondary group c) Aggregate d) Reference group

d) Reference group

Which of the following does NOT constitute cyberbullying? a) Posting embarrassing images of a person online b) Hacking someone's account and pretending to be him or her c) Sending threatening text messages d) Sending threatening letters to someone's home

d) Sending threatening letters to someone's home

When Kevin backpacks across Europe after his high school graduation, he is surprised to find Burger Kings, H&Ms, and even Wal-Mart stores in the foreign cities. This is an example of: a) In-Group/Out-Group dynamic b) Counter-culture c) A bureaucracy d) The McDonaldization of Society

d) The McDonaldization of Society

As industrialization began to boom, Durkheim believed people were more susceptible to anomie because: a) Collective norms are weakened. b) Society no longer has the support of the collective consciousness. c) Specialization of labor lead to alienation. Correct Answer d) All of the above

d) All of the above