Lifestyle Development Chapter 2
Prenatal care often includes which of the following components?
-Comprehensive educational services -Nutritional services -Social services
Which of the following are true statements about the first stage of birth?
-Contractions become more frequent and intense. -The cervix dilates to approximately 10 cm.
______ try to figure out what is responsible for the differences among people: genes, environment, or a combination of these.
Behavior geneticists
Which field seeks to discover the influence of environment and heredity on individual differences in human development?
Behavior genetics
The genetic disorder that occurs more often in the children of mothers who are pregnant when younger than 16 and older than 34 is called what?
Down syndrome
The developing embryo floats in the ___, which resembles a bag or an envelope and contains a clear fluid.
amnion
The life-support system that contains a clear fluid in which the developing embryo floats is known as the ______.
amnion
Approximately one week after conception, when differentiation of the cells begins, the group of cells is called the
blastocyst
Approximately one week after conception, when differentiation of the cells begins, the zygote is now a group of cells called the ______.
blastocyst
In the period shortly after birth, a connection between the parent and the infant forms. This attachment is known as:
bonding
The formation of a connection, especially a physical one, between parent and infant shortly after birth is known as
bonding
A chromosome-transmitted form of intellectual disability caused by the presence of an extra copy of chromosome 21 is called what?
down syndrome
When couples experience infertility, the problem may lie with ______.
either the woman or the man
After the blastocyst attaches to the uterine wall, the mass of cells is known as the ______.
embryo
Between two and eight weeks post-conception, the developing mass of cells is called a(n)
embryo
The ______ view states that development is the result of an ongoing, bidirectional interchange between heredity and the environment.
epigenetic
The symptoms of postpartum depression include all of the following, EXCEPT ______.
euphoria
psychology is the newest approach to psychology. It emphasizes the importance of adaptation, reproduction, and survival of the fittest in shaping behaviors.
evolutionary
The ______ period of prenatal development takes place in the first two weeks after conception.
germinal
the ___ period includes the creation of the fertilized egg or zygote, cell division and implantation.
germinal
the ___ period is the first period of prenatal development, when the egg is fertilized and cell division takes place.
germinal
Interpreting the results of adoption and twin studies is difficult because of the complexities of ______.
heredity-environment correlations
According to the epigenetic view, development ______.
is due to heredity and environment each affecting the other
___ care is a NICU procedure that involves skin-to-skin contact in which the baby, wearing only a diaper, is held upright against the parent's bare chest.
kangaroo
The three stages of birth are not of equal length; the first stage is ______ than the others.
longer
All cells in our bodies, other than eggs and sperm, reproduce through a process called ______.
mitosis
The process that allows cells other than eggs and sperm to duplicate and divide is known as
mitosis
The evolutionary process by which the best-adapted individuals of a species survive and reproduce is called ______ selection.
natural
As the environment changes, some species adapt in a way that helps them survive and reproduce, while other species do not adapt well and die. This process is called ______.
natural selection
The ______ is a disk-shaped group of tissues in which small blood vessels from the mother and the offspring intertwine but do not join.
placenta
The umbilical cord contains two arteries and one vein, and it connects the baby to the ______.
placenta
the ___ is a life-support system that consists of blood vessels from the mother and offspring that intertwine but don't join.
placenta
Some women develop ____ depression which involves a major depressive episode that typically occurs about 4 weeks after delivery
postpartum
Prenatal care involves a defined schedule of visits for medical care, which includes ______ for manageable conditions and treatable diseases.
screening
ultrasound ___ uses high-frequency sound waves directed toward the pregnant woman's abdomen to produce a visual representation of the fetus.
sonography
Any agent that can potentially cause a birth defect or negatively alter cognitive, behavioral or physical outcomes is a(n) ______.
teratogen
Any agent that can potentially cause cognitive, behavioral or physical harm to the developing embryo or fetus is a(n) ______.
teratogen
The outer layer of cells around the embryo (which will eventually provide nutrition and support for the embryo) is called the
trophoblast
The outer layer of cells surrounding a blastocyst that eventually provides nutrition and support for the embryo is called the ______.
trophoblast
True or false: An X-linked disease is more likely to harm men than women.
true
Normally conducted seven weeks into the pregnancy, ______ is used to detect structural abnormalities in the fetus and when used later in the pregnancy can help determine whether the baby is a boy or a girl.
ultrasound sonography
Consisting of two arteries and one vein, the ___ ___ connects the baby to the placenta.
umbilical cord
Prenatal development is divided into what three periods?
-embryonic -germinal -fetal
Which of the following are potential causes of infertility? Select all that apply:
-low sperm production -blocked fallopian tubes -the woman does not ovulate
Which psychological approach emphasizes the importance of adaption, reproduction, and survival of the fittest in shaping behaviors?
Evolutionary psychology
What is it called when individuals' genes may influence the types of environments to which they are exposed?
Heredity-environment correlations
______ helps preterm infants stabilize their breathing, temperature, and heartbeat through close physical contact.
Kangaroo care
Match the time frame of prenatal growth with the name of the developing organism.
Zygote: -conception to 2 weeks post conception Embryo: -2 weeks to 8 weeks post conception Fetus: -2 months post conception to birth
X-linked diseases are more likely to affect men than women because ______.
women have an extra copy of the X chromosome, which usually has the non-mutated gene
The fertilized egg is called the ______.
zygote
fertilized egg is called
zygote