Lifestyle Development Chapter 2

Prenatal care often includes which of the following components?

-Comprehensive educational services -Nutritional services -Social services

Which of the following are true statements about the first stage of birth?

-Contractions become more frequent and intense. -The cervix dilates to approximately 10 cm.

______ try to figure out what is responsible for the differences among people: genes, environment, or a combination of these.

Behavior geneticists

Which field seeks to discover the influence of environment and heredity on individual differences in human development?

Behavior genetics

The genetic disorder that occurs more often in the children of mothers who are pregnant when younger than 16 and older than 34 is called what?

Down syndrome

The developing embryo floats in the ___, which resembles a bag or an envelope and contains a clear fluid.

amnion

The life-support system that contains a clear fluid in which the developing embryo floats is known as the ______.

amnion

Approximately one week after conception, when differentiation of the cells begins, the group of cells is called the

blastocyst

Approximately one week after conception, when differentiation of the cells begins, the zygote is now a group of cells called the ______.

blastocyst

In the period shortly after birth, a connection between the parent and the infant forms. This attachment is known as:

bonding

The formation of a connection, especially a physical one, between parent and infant shortly after birth is known as

bonding

A chromosome-transmitted form of intellectual disability caused by the presence of an extra copy of chromosome 21 is called what?

down syndrome

When couples experience infertility, the problem may lie with ______.

either the woman or the man

After the blastocyst attaches to the uterine wall, the mass of cells is known as the ______.

embryo

Between two and eight weeks post-conception, the developing mass of cells is called a(n)

embryo

The ______ view states that development is the result of an ongoing, bidirectional interchange between heredity and the environment.

epigenetic

The symptoms of postpartum depression include all of the following, EXCEPT ______.

euphoria

psychology is the newest approach to psychology. It emphasizes the importance of adaptation, reproduction, and survival of the fittest in shaping behaviors.

evolutionary

The ______ period of prenatal development takes place in the first two weeks after conception.

germinal

the ___ period includes the creation of the fertilized egg or zygote, cell division and implantation.

germinal

the ___ period is the first period of prenatal development, when the egg is fertilized and cell division takes place.

germinal

Interpreting the results of adoption and twin studies is difficult because of the complexities of ______.

heredity-environment correlations

According to the epigenetic view, development ______.

is due to heredity and environment each affecting the other

___ care is a NICU procedure that involves skin-to-skin contact in which the baby, wearing only a diaper, is held upright against the parent's bare chest.

kangaroo

The three stages of birth are not of equal length; the first stage is ______ than the others.

longer

All cells in our bodies, other than eggs and sperm, reproduce through a process called ______.

mitosis

The process that allows cells other than eggs and sperm to duplicate and divide is known as

mitosis

The evolutionary process by which the best-adapted individuals of a species survive and reproduce is called ______ selection.

natural

As the environment changes, some species adapt in a way that helps them survive and reproduce, while other species do not adapt well and die. This process is called ______.

natural selection

The ______ is a disk-shaped group of tissues in which small blood vessels from the mother and the offspring intertwine but do not join.

placenta

The umbilical cord contains two arteries and one vein, and it connects the baby to the ______.

placenta

the ___ is a life-support system that consists of blood vessels from the mother and offspring that intertwine but don't join.

placenta

Some women develop ____ depression which involves a major depressive episode that typically occurs about 4 weeks after delivery

postpartum

Prenatal care involves a defined schedule of visits for medical care, which includes ______ for manageable conditions and treatable diseases.

screening

ultrasound ___ uses high-frequency sound waves directed toward the pregnant woman's abdomen to produce a visual representation of the fetus.

sonography

Any agent that can potentially cause a birth defect or negatively alter cognitive, behavioral or physical outcomes is a(n) ______.

teratogen

Any agent that can potentially cause cognitive, behavioral or physical harm to the developing embryo or fetus is a(n) ______.

teratogen

The outer layer of cells around the embryo (which will eventually provide nutrition and support for the embryo) is called the

trophoblast

The outer layer of cells surrounding a blastocyst that eventually provides nutrition and support for the embryo is called the ______.

trophoblast

True or false: An X-linked disease is more likely to harm men than women.

true

Normally conducted seven weeks into the pregnancy, ______ is used to detect structural abnormalities in the fetus and when used later in the pregnancy can help determine whether the baby is a boy or a girl.

ultrasound sonography

Consisting of two arteries and one vein, the ___ ___ connects the baby to the placenta.

umbilical cord

Prenatal development is divided into what three periods?

-embryonic -germinal -fetal

Which of the following are potential causes of infertility? Select all that apply:

-low sperm production -blocked fallopian tubes -the woman does not ovulate

Which psychological approach emphasizes the importance of adaption, reproduction, and survival of the fittest in shaping behaviors?

Evolutionary psychology

What is it called when individuals' genes may influence the types of environments to which they are exposed?

Heredity-environment correlations

______ helps preterm infants stabilize their breathing, temperature, and heartbeat through close physical contact.

Kangaroo care

Match the time frame of prenatal growth with the name of the developing organism.

Zygote: -conception to 2 weeks post conception Embryo: -2 weeks to 8 weeks post conception Fetus: -2 months post conception to birth

X-linked diseases are more likely to affect men than women because ______.

women have an extra copy of the X chromosome, which usually has the non-mutated gene

The fertilized egg is called the ______.

zygote

fertilized egg is called

zygote