Linux 101
[confldentialS] comment= hidden share path = /srv/smb/hidden write list = user create mask = 0700 directory mask = 0700
A user requests a "hidden" Samba share, named confidential, similar tothe Windows Administration Share. How can this be configured?
/etc/cron.allow
A user was not given permission to use the CRON scheduling system. What file needs to be modified to provide that access? (Please specific the full path to file)
unlinked files found by fsck.
According to the File System Hierarchy Standard, the lost+found directory is used for:
Kernel loading
ActualTests.com QUESTION NO: 269 CORRECT TEXT With which command can the reserved blocks on /dev/hda1 be displayed? (Enter the command with all parameters and/or options) Answer: TUNE2FS-L/DEV/HDA1 QUESTION NO: 270
linux single
After a crash, the system needs to be booted into runlevel 1. Which option(s) must be typed at the LILO prompt to achieve this, assuming that the working kernel image is called 'linux'?
SYNC
After a lot of write operations, the changes should be written to the disk. Please enter the appropriate command, without the path or any options or parameters, that would achieve this.
rpm -Va > report
After a minor security incident you are instructed by your lead sys-admin to verify the RPMs installed on a running system. Which command will create a complete report that you can analyze for changes that may be security-related?
In the boot loader configuration file.
After changing the default runlevel in the init configuration file, the system boots in a different than the intended runlevel. Where else could be this different runlevel be defined?
MAKEDEP
After configuring a new 2.4 series kernel, all dependencies, such as include files, need to be created. How can this be achieved? Please enter the complete command.
lpq
After configuring printing on a Linux server, the administrator sends a test file to one of the printers and it fails to print. What command can be used to print the status of the printer's queue? (Provide only the command, without any options or parameters)
xvidtune
After installing and configuring XFree86, you notice that when you start X, the display is not centered. What program can you run to find a better modeline setting?
A USB 2.0 compatible device.
All items are required to enable USB support on a Linux system EXCEPT:
ctrlaltdel
An administrator has added the following line to /etc/inittab in order to disable the ability to reboot a Debian system by pressing the Control + Alt + Delete keys simultaneously: ca:12345:_________:/bin/echo "Rebooting disabled"
443
An administrator is configuring a secured webserver, however connecting to https://127.0.0.1 is not working. She runs netstat ntl, which returns the following output: tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:80 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN What port should be listening before a successful connection is possible? (Provide only the numerical valui of the port)
/usr/bin/xwininfoxwininfo
An administrator wants to determine the geometry of a particular window in X, so she issues the __________ metric command and then clicks on the window.
-oldpackage
An installed package is broken. In order to go back to previous version of the same package which RPM option should be used?
01
Because of a bad BIOS LBA translation, a booting system displays an error instead of a LILO prompt. Complete the error message with the error number:
Configure the kernel options.
Before compiling a new kernel, what needs to be done?
/etc/skel /etc/skel/
By default, which directories contents will be copied to a new user's home directory when the account is created, passing the m option to the useradd command?
SMBPASSWD
By default, which file will Samba use to store the user passwords? (Please enter only the filename without the path)
#!/BIN/SH
For interpreting system re scripts, a shell is most commonly used. Please enter the first line found in such scripts.
/home; AND /var; AND /tmp
George is planning a partition scheme for a new Linux installation. Which THREE directories should he consider for separate partitions? (Select three)
/etc/hosts
Given the following line from /etc/nsswitch.conf: hosts: files mdns4_minimal [NOTFOUND=return] dns mdns4 By default, which file will be queried first for hostname lookups? (Provide the full path and filename)
bg myapp
Given the following output: prompt> myapp [1]+ Stopped myapp prompt> Which of the following commands will resume executing the stopped process while allowing the user to continue to type commands at the command prompt?
hdparm -d 1 /dev/hda
How can DMA be enabled for the device /dev/hda?
quotaoff-gv/pub
How can you turn off the group quota in /pub?
rpm -F rpmname
How can you update a package only if an earlier version is currently installed on the system?
dpkg-L pkgname
How do you get a list of files that have been installed from a dpkg package?
7
How many SCSI ids for peripherals can SCSI-1 support?
It is not possible for Samba to use/etc/passwd and /etc/shadow.
How must Samba be configured, so that it can check passwords against the ones in /etc/passwd and /etc/shadow?
cat/var/log/messages | grep '"date "+%b%e'"" | egrep'(telnet |ssh| ftp)'; AND cat/var/log/messages | grep'"date "+%b%e.....| grep-E'(telnet|ssh| ftp)'
Hundreds of people log in to a server from remote locations per day. Which of the following commands show remote SSH, FTP & telnet sessions for a particular day?
/dev/hdb3
Identify the proper device for the third partition, on the second hard disk, on the first IDE controller on a PC system.
route add defaultgw 192.168.1.1
Identify the statement that would create a default route using a gateway of 192.168.1.1.
cd /usr/src/linux; patch -p1 < /tmp/foopatch
If the current directory is /root and the kernel source is located in /usr/src/linux, which of the following commands should be used to apply the patch /tmp/foopatch?
~/.samba
If the path parameter is not set for a share in the smb.conf file, the share will refer to which of the following directories?
/dev/hdb5
In GRUB'S configuration file you find the line root (hd1,4) What is corresponding device name on a Linux system?
bind interface
In an xinetd config file, which attribute specifies the network address that will be used to offer the service?
standard output to standard error.
In bash, inserting 1>&2 after a command redirects
Is » bazz
In order to append the output of Is to a file called bazz, which of the following command lines would you use?
alsactl
In order to save and restore your sound card's configuration between sessions, the ALSA sound system uses what program?
the process ID of the current shell
In the following command and its output, echo$$ 12942 whatis 12942?
/PROC/BUS/PCCARD/
In which subdirectory of/proc is information about PC Cards, which are connected and recognised by a 2.6 kernel, stored? Please enter the complete path.
the Files section
In xorg.conf, which section is concerned with fonts?
The kernel does not contain ext3 support.
Journalling doesn't appear to be working on an ext3 file-system. When booting, the following line appears: VFS: Mounted root (ext2 filesystem) readonly. What could be causing the problem?
Human Interface Device Class
Keyboards and mice are members of which class of USB devices?
set -ovi
Many people like the vi text editor but the default bash command line editor recognizes emacs keystrokes. What command entered into a bash initialization file will have bash recognize vi keystrokes after login?
LANG
Messages from programs are not appearing in the user's native language. What environment variable must be set for this to happen?
Changing the user's shell to /bin/false.
Of the ways listed, which is the best way to temporarily suspend a user's ability to interactively login?
hwclock hctosys localtime
On a dual boot system, every time the system is booted back into Linux the time has been set backward by two hours. Which of the following commands will correct the problem so it will not occur again?
When a user's X session exists
On a system running the K Display Manager, when is the /etc/kde4/kdm/Xreset script automatically executed?
rwrr, r
On a system using shadowed passwords, the correct permissions for /etc/passwd are ___ and the correct permissions for /etc/shadow are ___.
/USR
On a system with separate partitions for /, /usr, /var & /tmp, which filesystem can safely be mounted read-only?
mountd
On an NFS server, the portmap, nfsd and_______daemons must be running. Please enter the missing daemon below.
hdparm -d 1 /dev/hda
One of the IDE hard drives in a server is transferring data very slowly. What command must be run to enable DMA on it?
CRONTAB-UJOHN-L
Please enter the command with all parameters and arguments, that could be used by root to list the cron jobs for the user John.
/ETC/SYSLOG.CONF
Please enter the complete path to the main configuration fi le for syslogd, which logs system messages on Linux systems?
/ETC/INITTAB
Please enter the complete path to the main init process configuration file.
ARTAR
Please enter, separated with a space but without paths, the TWO archive programs needed in addition to gzip, to extract files from a .deb file without using the Debian package manager
/etc/cups/etc/cups/
Please specify the directory containing the configuration files for the CUPS printing system. (Provide the full path to the directory)
2(SIGINT)
Pressing the Ctrl-C combination on the keyboard while a command is executing in the foreground sends which of following signal codes?
-rw-r?r- 1 root root 531 Jun 5 22:45/etc/passwd
Select the line that best represents what permissions the /etc/passwd file should have.
a problem with DNS.
Suppose that the command netstat a hangs for a long time without producing output. You might suspect:
Replace his password with * in passwd
The user john is no longer working for a company. To disable his account but not delete his information, what needs to be done?
ifconfig
The________ command is used to assign an IP address to a device. (Please specify the command with or without path information)
ping /bin/ping
The________ command is used to send ICMP ECHO_REQUEST packets to other hosts over the network. (Please specify the command with or without path information)
SETSERIAL
The___________ command allows you to view or change serial port configuration.
PNPDUMP
The___________ command displays ISA plug-anD.play devices resource information.
user
To allow a regular user account to mount and unmount a filesystem (for instance, a cdrom or floppy), which option need to be added to the corresponding line in /etc/fstab?
username map
To allow more than one client username to share one local account on a Samba server, which of the following configuration directives can be used?
none
To exclude all log messages of a given logging facility, you should use a logging priority of _____ .
Add the specific user to /etc/at.deny file.
To prevent a specific user from scheduling tasks with at, what should the administrator do?
/var
To prevent users from being able to fill up the / partition, the____________directory should be on a separate partition if possible because it is world writeable.
bunzip2 -c ../patch-2.4.28.tar.bz2 | patch -Rp1
To remove the patch patch-2.4.28.tar.bz2 from a kernel source tree, the command that must be used is:
patch -R
To restore the kernel source to the previous, unpatched, version, which of the following commands could be used?
server
To slave your NTP daemon to an external source, you need to modify the_____ variable in your /etc/ntp.conf file.
env u FOOBAR myscript
To test a shell script called myscript, the environment variable FOOBAR must be removed temporarily. How can this be done?
LD_UBRARY_PATH
To what environment variable will you assign or append a value if you need to tell the dynamic linker to look in a build directory for some of a program's shared libraries?
ACM(ABSTRACTCONTROLMODEL)
USB fax/modems that conform to this subclass of the Communication Device Class (CDC) vendor neutral standard are Linux compatible (answer is a 3 letter acronym).
The binaries require root privileges to be installed
User Joseph has successfully extracted and compiled a program from source code. Installing the binaries produces errors. What is the most likely reason?
$HOME/.xinitrc
Users may create and edit a configuration file in their home directory that can tell the X window system what window manager they wish it to start when they log in. What file is that?
:!ls-I myfile
Using vi, you want to save changes to the file my file with :w!, but vi complains it cannot write to the file. Therefore, you want to check the write permissions on the file. To do this without leaving vi, you type:
rpm-query-info-package openssh-3.6.i386.rpm
What RPM command would show you detailed information for a package called openssh- 3.6.i386.rpm?
XAUTH
What application can be used in place of xhost? Please enter only the name without path.
.\*
What argument to the name flag of find will match files or directories beginning with a '.' (period)?
Daily incremental backups with a weekly full backup tape sent off-site.
What backup arrangement should be used for an intranet web server the contents of which is updated fairly regularly by different staff?
It prevents having to type long commands
What benefit does an alias provide?
tune2fs
What command can be used on an existing (formatted) partition, to configure the interval between disk checks when mounting partitions?
testparm
What command can be used to check the Samba configuration file?
setserial
What command can be used to configure the baud rate on a serial port?
logger
What command can be used to generate log entries of any facility and priority? (supply just the command name without a path)
perl -MCPAN -e "install $module"
What command can be used to install a Perl module ('Smodule') from the CPAN archive?
BG
What command can put suspended jobs into the background?
sshkeygen
What command do you use to create an OpenSSH authentication key?
MKISOFS
What command is used to create a file-system to be burned to a CD? (Please enter the command without the path or any options or parameters)
mkisofs -J -T -r -o backup.iso /home/joe
What command is used to create an ISO9660 filesystem that can be properly accessed from a Windows 95/98 machine?
/USR/BIN/HEXDUMP
What command is used to display a file in octal format?
shutdown -F -r now
What command is used to force a file-system check, when rebooting?
mount -o loop root.img /mnt/floppy
What command is used to mount a floppy disk image under /mnt/floppy?
rdev
What command is used to permanently set the options in the kernel when making a boot disk? A. rdev B. lilo C. dd CompTIA LX0-101: Practice Exam "
raidhotadd
What command is used to re-add a partition to a software RAID setup?
atq at -l
What command is used to view pending jobs for the at command? (Do NOT specify path).
«
What command line redirection characters instruct the shell to read from the current input source until a specific word, on a separate line and without and trailing spaces, is reached?
mke2fs
What command must be used to create an ext3 file-system?
setfacl-m user: sally; rwstrategy.txt
What command should be invoked to give the user sally read and write, but not execute, access to the file strategy.txt using Extended ACL entries?
Ispci-b
What command should be used to find out what PCI devices can be seen, without querying the kernel?
mailq
What command should be used to print a listing of email in the system's mail queue?
cut -d: -f 1,3 /etc/passwd
What command will print a list of usernames (first column) and their corresponding user id (uid, third column) from /etc/passwd?
dpkg-r pkgname
What command will uninstall a package but leave its configuration files in case a package is rE.installed?
KILLALLSUSR1APACHE2
What command with all options and/or parameter will send the signal USR1 to any executing process of program apache2?
software to predict the location of installed files and directories; AND users to predict the location of installed files and directories
What does the Filesystem Hierarchy Standard enable? (Select TWO answers)
It mounts all file systems listed in /etc/fstab.
What does the command mount -a do?
Displays the contents of the file named $TEST if it exists
What does the following command do? cat '$TEST'
Emails a report of all suid files to root
What does the following script do? #!/bin/bash find/ -perm +4000 | mail -s "Daily find output" root
*.* /dev/tty12
What entry can you add to
An error message is shown, showing which device couldn't be mounted or informing that init couldn't be found.
What happens when the Linux kernel can't mount the root filesystem when booting? A.
A list of devices and their module name
What information does the file modules.dep provide?
whether DMA is enabled
What information is displayed by the command cat/proc/dma?
timezone
What is NOT contained in the locale setting of the operating system?
A virtual cluster of various timeservers
What is pool.ntp.org?
route del default ip route del default route del 0.0.0.0 /sbin/route del default ip route del 0.0.0.0 /sbin/route del 0.0.0.0 /sbin/ip route del default /sbin/ip route del 0.0.0.0
What is the command to delete the default gateway from the system IP routing table? (Please specify the complete command with arguments)
MAXCPUS=0
What is the correct parameter to pass to the kernel at boot time to force it to use only one of the available processors?
-remove removes the program, -purge also removes the config files
What is the difference between thE.remove and thE.purge action with the dpkg command?
65535
What is the highest numbered TCP /IP port?
3
What is the minimum number of disks required in a RAID5 array?
Hello foobar foobar
What is the output when the following shell script executes? cat<<foobar Hello foobar Foobar
To assist users who have difficulty holding down multiple keys at once
What is the purpose of the Sticky Keys feature in X?
To perform hostname lookups
What is the purpose of the dig command?
press CTRL+ALT+BACK_SPACE
What key combination is used to forcibly halt the X server in the event of the graphical session becoming unusable (eg., desktop manager or fullscreen application hanging)?
The hdparm utility must be used.
What needs to be done to enable 32 bit I/O transfer mode for (E)IDE disks, on a system running a 2.4 series Linux kernel?
1 6 11 16
What output will the following command produce? seq1 5 20
The numbers 1 through 10 with one number per line.
What output will the following command seq 10 produce?
result: 3 4 5 6 2 1
What output will the following command sequence produce? echo'1 2 3 4 5 6' | while read a b c; do echoresult: $c $b $a; done
patch-kernel
What script is included with the kernel source to patch a kernel?
/etc/passwd: rwrr /etc/shadow: r
What should the permission settings be for /etc/passwd and /etc/shadow?
tar
What single command (no options or arguments) can be used to fully extract a file called abc.tar.bz2? )
Idd
What tool can you use to print shared library dependencies?
card Ethernet MAC address.
What utility is used for displaying information about all PCI buses in the system and all devices connected to them.
set SET
What word is missing from the following SQL statement? Update tablename________ fieldname ='value' where id =909;
from FROM
What word is missing from the following SQL statement? selectcount(*) _____ tablename;
fi
What word will complete an if statement in bash such as the following: if[ x "$file" ]; then echo$file _____ (Please provide missing word only)
It would set ownership of all files and subdirectories in /home/bert to bert.
What would the following line accomplish if run as root? chown-R bert /home/bert/*
/dev/input/mice
When Human Interface Devices (HID) is being used, which of the following represents a USB mouse connected to the PC
Encrypt the file using their public key.
When attempting to send a file to another user security with GPG, which of the following actions must be done?
It first reads and executes commands in /etc/bashrc and then does the same for /etc/profile.
When bash is invoked as an interactive login shell, which of the following sentences is true?
-bp
When building an RPM package, which rpmbuild option is used to unpack sources and apply patches before proceeding with the next steps?
Monitor
When installing XWindows the monitor wasn't recognised but now a data sheet with its specification is available. Which xorg.conf section must be edited to specify the correct values for several variables?
col
When reading man pages, a lot of extra characters are shown on screen. Which of the following commands can help to deal with this problem?
A lost passphrase cannot be recovered.
When using ssh, what can you do to recover a lost passphrase for a DSA or RSA authentication key?
/ETC/INIT.D/SSHD
When using the SysV init system, the file /etc/rc3.d/S55sshd is a symbolic link. Type the full path and file name to which this is linked.
startx -> xinit -> xinitrC.> Xclients
When you start XWindows, which series of programs and/or scripts would most closely describe the start-up process?
startx > xinit > xinitrc > Xclients
When you start the X Window System, which series of programs and/or scripts would most closely describe the startup process?
The MBR on a hard drive
Where can lilo place boot information?
In the master boot record
Where should the LILO code reside, on a system with only one installation of Linux and no other operating systems?
dpkg-G
Which Debian package system command will list all partially installed packages and suggest how to get them correctly installed?
UDP udp UDP/IP udp/ip
Which IP protocol is connectionless and unreliable?
FontPath,lunix/:7100"
Which ONE of the following lines from /etc/X11/xorg.conf indicates that fonts can be found on a font server?
RAID1
Which RAID level provides the most redundancy?
rpm -qf /etc/exports
Which RPM command will output the name of the package which installed the file /etc/exports?
For each entry in auto.master, a separate automounter daemon is started; AND Changes to auto.master require automounter to reload its configuration.; The autofs service does not need to be restarted after changing automounter map files.
Which THREE statements concerning automounter are true?
172.16.0.0; AND 172.20.0.0
Which TWO of the following Class B IPv4 networks are reserved by IANA for private address assignment and private routing?
rw; AND ro
Which TWO of the following options are valid, in the /etc/exports file?
Every user may havetheir own crontab.; AND hourly is the same as "0 * * * *".
Which TWO statements about crontab are true?
Every user may havetheir own crontab; AND The cron daemon reloads crontab files automatically when necessary.
Which TWO statements about crontab are true?
set o noclobber
Which bash option will prevent you from overwriting a file with a ">"?
chown foo:bar biglist
Which chown command will change the ownership to foo and the group to bar on a file named biglist?
/BIN/DF
Which command (without options) would you use to display how much space is available on all mounted partitions?
export VARIABLE
Which command allows you to make a shell variable visible to subshells?
cat /proc/bus/usb/devices
Which command displays information about connected USB devices?
ulimit
Which command is used to display user resource limits?
od
Which command is used to dump files in octal format?
-maxdepth
Which command line option would you use to restrict the GNU find command to searching a particular number of subdirectories?
export LANG="pt"; AND export LC_MESSAGES="pt"
Which command should be added to /etc/bash_profile to change the language of messages from an internationalised program to Portuguese (pt)? (Select TWO correct answers)
/sbin/mke2fs -j /dev/hda2
Which command will create an ext3 filesystem on /dev/hda2?
rpm-qlp vorbis-tools-1.1.1386.rpm
Which command will list all the files installed from the RPM package file named, vorbis-tools-1.1 .i386.rpm?
cat-n
Which command will print line numbers before each line in a file?
Isattr foobar
Which command will print out the attributes of the file foobar?
echo $?
Which command will print the exit value of the previous command to the screen in bash?
/bin/grep-v ^# foobar
Which command will print to standard out only the lines that do not begin with # (pound symbol) in the file foobar?
ln s /usr/share/zoneinfo/UTC /etc/localtime
Which command will set the local machine's timezone to UTC?
CRONTAB UFRED-E
Which command with all parameters and arguments, can be used by root to erase the cron job list for the user fred?
patch < diff-file
Which command would you use to apply a diff file to an original?
TUNE2FS-J/DEV/HDA1
Which command, with options, could be used to change an ext2 file system on /dev/hda1 to an ext3 file system?
usermod; AND passwd; AND chage
Which commands can you use to change a user's password expiry information? (Choose THREE correct answers.)
/etc/sudoers
Which configuration file does sudo read when determining if a user is permitted to run applications with root privileges?
/etc/ssh/ssh_config
Which configuration file would you edit to change default options for outbound ssh sessions?
1 0 * * * /usr/sbin/ntpdate ntp1.digex.net > /dev/null 2>&1
Which crontab entry could be used to set the system time at regular intervals?
/ETC/PCMCIA
Which directory contains the PCMCIA configuration files?
~/.gnupg/
Which directory in a user's home contains configuration files and key rings for GPG?
P
Which e2fsck option is used to automatically repair an ext2 filesystem?
LD LIBRARY PATH
Which environment variable you have to set up to use shared libraries that are not in the standard search path?
/etc/hosts.deny
Which file contains a list of services and hosts that will be denied by a TCP Wrapper such astcpd? (Please enter the full path)
/ETC/AUTO.MASTER
Which file contains configuration data for automount? Please enter the complete path.
RAIDTAB
Which file contains the software RAID configuration? (Please enter the file-name without the path)
/etc/Id.so.cache
Which file is used by Id.so to find libraries quickly without actually having to search the directories in its library path?
/etc/sudoers
Which file lists which users can execute commands using sudo? (Provide the full path and filename)
/etc/apt/sources.IIst
Which file should be edited to select the network locations from which Debian installation package files are loaded?
Answer: /etc/at.deny
Which file specifies the user accounts can NOT submit jobs via at or batch? (Provide the full path and filename)
CMDLINE
Which file the /proc filesystem lists parameters passed from the bootloaderto the kernel?
~/.forward
Which file, when using Sendmail or a similar MTA system, will allow a user to redirect all their mail to another address and is configurable by the user themselves?
INITDEFAULT Explanation: man inittab
Which keyword is used in the /etc/inittab file to define the default system runlevel?
NOAUTO
Which mount option must be used in the example /etc/fstab entry below, to ensure that a specific filesystemis not mounted when the system is booted? /dev/hdd /media/cdrom iso9660 __________,ro 0 0
SELECT name, address FROM contacts;
Which of the following SQL statements will select the fields name and address from the contacts table?
postfix; AND sendmail; AND exim
Which of the following are commonly used Mail Tranfer Agent (MTA) applications? (Please select THREE correct answers)
device name; mount point; filesystem type; mount options; dump filesystem; fsck order
Which of the following best describes the format of the /etc/fstab file?
The number of days since January 1, 1970 when the password can change
Which of the following can the chage command <b>NOT</tt> change?
cp /boot/initrd /tmp/initrd.gz; gunzip initrd.gz; mount /tmp/initrd /mnt/ -o loop
Which of the following commands can be used to access the content of a ramdisk file (/boot/initrd) used by the kernel at boot time?
ifup
Which of the following commands can be used to activate a specific network interface?
quotaon
Which of the following commands is run last during boot on a system with quotas enabled?
chmod 755/bin/foo
Which of the following commands makes /bin/foo executable by everyone but writable only by its owner?
IP=$(LANG= ifconfigethO | grep inet | awk'{ print$2}' | cut-d: ^f2)
Which of the following commands should be used in a bash script that needs a variable containing the IP address of the eth0 interface? The output for the command ifconfigeth0 is shown below: Eth0 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:0C:29:CB:FA:30 inetaddr:192.168.246.11 Bcast:192.168.246.255 Mask:255.255.255.0 UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metrlel RX packets:4721 errorsrO dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0 TX packets:3216errors:0dropped:0overruns:0 carrier:0 collisions^) txqueuelen:1000 RX bytes:445184 (434.7 Kb) TX bytes:512968 (500.9 Kb) lnterrupt:185 Base address:0xl080
tr -d V < userlist.txt > newlisttxt
Which of the following commands will change all CR-LF pairs in an imported text file, userlist.txt, to Linux standard LF characters and store it as newlist.txt?
tail-f-n 30/Var/log/bigd.log
Which of the following commands will display the last 30 lines of /var/log/bigd.log as well as new content as it is appended to the file by another process?
catfilel.txt| grep-ifoo
Which of the following commands will find the string foo in the file filel M, regardless of foo being in upper or lower case letters?
quota foobar
Which of the following commands will list the quota for a specific user, foobar?
xvidtune -show
Which of the following commands will print the current video settings to stdout in XF86Config "Modeline" format?
df-i
Which of the following commands will print the inode usage on each mounted filesystem?
locale
Which of the following commands will provide localespecific information about your system and its environment?
myapp | tee filel Jog
Which of the following commands will send output from the program myapp to both standard output (stdout) and the file file 1 log?
/etc/profile
Which of the following configuration files should be modified to set default shell variables for all users?
/usr/local/sharenfsclient(rw,sync)
Which of the following configuration lines will export /usr/local/share/ to nfsclient with read-write access, ensuring that all changes are written straight to the disk?
ICMP packet with a message type
Which of the following describes the Linux ping packet or datagram?
uperblock-persistent
Which of the following entries are NOT valid in /etc/raidtab?
find /usr uid 0 perm +4000
Which of the following find commands will print out a list of suid root files in /usr?
broadcast services
Which of the following information is NOT provided in any output from the netstat utility?
A. exim B. postfix C. sendmail D. qmail E. mail Answer: E
Which of the following is NOT a Mail Transport Agent?
://server/sharename
Which of the following is a valid location in the automount configuration, when a Windows share needs to be made available to the system?
A
Which of the following is needed, to synchronise the UNIX password with theSMB password, when the encrypted SMB password in the smbpasswd file is changed?
set
Which of the following is the best way to list all defined shell variables?
ifdown
Which of the following is the command used to deactivate a network interface?
/etc/X11/Xorg.conf
Which of the following is the default Xorg configuration file?
FontPath,lunix/:7100"
Which of the following lines from /etc/X11/XF86Config indicates what fonts can be found on a font server?
hosts: files dns
Which of the following lines would you find in the file /etc/nsswitch.conf?
domain mycompany.com
Which of the following lines would you find in the file /etc/resolv.conf?
127.0.0.1 localhost.localdomain localhost
Which of the following looks like a correct entry in the /etc/hosts file.
kern.crit
Which of the following must be included in the syslogd configuration file, so that ONLY kernel related messages with the priority crit are reported?
dpkg; AND dselect
Which of the following programs is typically used to query installed debian packages? (Please select TWO that apply).
tcpd
Which of the following programs uses the hosts.allow file to perform its main task of checking for access control restrictions to system services?
emacspeak
Which of the following provides a nongraphical, text based interface for users who are visually impaired that can be used as a screen reader?
seD.i's/foo/foobar/g'file1.txt
Which of the following sed commands will replace all instances of the string foo with the string foobar changing the file file1.txt in place?
WHERE
Which of the following words is used to restrict the records that are returned from a SELECT query based on a supplied criteria for the values in the records?
export LD_UBRARY_PATH=/usr/local/lib
Which of these commands allows you to use shared libraries that are in /usr/local/lib?
veto files
Which option is used in the Samba configuration file to set which files and directories are neither visible to or accessible by the clients?
edit-key --
Which option, when passed to thegpg command, will enter an interactive menu enabling the user to perform key management related tasks? (Provide only the option)
HDPARM
Which program can be used to adjust the DMA settings of an IDE hard drive? Please enter it without path, parameters or arguments.
/USR/BINyWHICH
Which program finds only files that are in your Path?
lsof
Which program lists information about files opened by processes and produces output that can be parsed by other programs?
FTP ftp
Which protocol uses two (2) TCP/IP ports one of them being port 20 for data transfer?
/proc/mdstat
Which pseudo-file contains information on the status of software RAID devices?
alias
Which shell built-in command can be used to create a shortcut or pseudonym for a longer command? Assume a modern bournE.like shell, such as bash.
/ETC/LOGIN.DEFS
Which site-specific configuration file for the shadow login suite must be modified to log login failures? Please enter the complete path to that file.
There is a syntax error.
Which statement is true regarding the following /etc/resolv.conf file? searchexample.com 127.0.0.1 208.77.188.166
You are using the wrong kernel for this type of device.
You have a USB storage device that you cannot get working. You have enabled all appropriate USB options in the latest 2.2 kernel but still cannot get your device working. What is most likely the source of the problem?
Edit /etc/passwd and insert an * after thefirst : .
You have a user whose account you want to disable but not remove. What should you do?
LINUX3
You have configured a workstation to boot in runlevel 4, but you now find that the X server will not start correctly and the machine will not allow local access. What would be the most effective command to run at the LILO prompt to regain local access to the machine, when the last known working kernel image was linux?
sed 's/bob/Bob/g' letter > newletter
You have created a really long letter and after you are done you notice that you used the name "Bob" many times but you forgot to capitalize it in many instances. Which command would replace "bob" with "Bob" in all instances and generate a new letter for printing?
make clean
You have finished updating and resolving dependencies for some source code. What command should you run before recompiling the code into binary form?
/ETC/LD.SO.CONF
You have installed some new libraries, but these are not available to programs and are not listed by ldconfig -p.What file should the path to the libraries be added to, before running ldconfig?
mount /mnt/cdrom
You have just added a CD.ROM drive (/dev/hdd) to your system and have added it to yourfstab. Typically you can use which of the following commands to mount media in that drive to /mnt/cdrom?
/etc/X11/xdm/Xsetup
You have just set up the X Display Manager as your default display manager. What file should you edit to change the default background for it?
You have just set up the X Display Manager as your default display manager. What file should you edit to change the default background for it?
You have just set up the X Display Manager as your default display manager. What file should you edit to change the default background for it?
apt-get upgrade
You have not run apt-get on a system for some time, but it has been run on the system before. What apt-get command would you run to download the latest list of packages, but not the packages themselves?
foo would be removed while bar would remain accessible.
You have read/write permission on an ordinary file foo. You have just run In foo bar. What would happen if you ran rm foo?
Use a symbolic link.
You have run out of disk space on a partition. Which of the following would be an easy way to move data to a new partition without reconfiguring the path to the data in existing applications?
/USR/LOCAL/BIN
You have written a custom tool on your local system. Following the File Hierarchy Standard (FHS), where should you install the binaries to be available to all users on your system?
chmod 700 /usr/local/bin/startup.sh; cd /etc/init.d/rc3.d/; ln -s /usr/local/bin/startup.sh S99Startup.sh
You have written a little startup script (/usr/local/bin/startup.sh) that should automatically execute when entering runlevel 3. According to the standards, how can this best be achieved?
rpm-d rpmname
You installed a beta rpm package, but are experiencing some problems with it. How can you remove this package?
xvidtune
You just started X for the first time and noticed that the display does not use the entire screen. What program can you use to fix this?
su - tux2
You logged in as user tuxl, but now you want to switch users to tux2 with tux2's environment. How would you do this?
Internal PCI Fax/modem
You need to install a fax server. Which type of fax/modem should you install to ensure Linux compatibility?
cupsdisable c r hello HPLaserjet4
You need to push the CUPS printer HPLaserjet4, and you want to cancel all print jobs with a message, "hello". Which command will do this?
hwclock
You need to sync your hardware clock, which is on GMT, with your system clock, which you just updated with NTP.TO do this, complete the following command: ________ u systohc
SCSI-1 supports only 8 devices including the adaptor.
You ran out of space and added a eighth disk to your SCSI-1 system. When you try to start, the system no longer boots. What is most likely the cause of this problem?
traceroute
You suspect that a gateway machine on your network has failed but you are unsure which machine. Which command will help locate the problem?
INTERRUPTS
You suspect that a new ethernet card might be conflicting with another device. Which file should you check within the /proc tree to learn which IRQs are being used by which kernel drivers?
You want the default permissions for your files to bE.rw-r-. How must you set umask?
You want the default permissions for your files to bE.rw-r-. How must you set umask?
MOUNT
You want to display all currently mounted file systems. Which command would you see? (Please enter only the command without arguments or options)
alien
You want to install a new software package, but it is only available in RPM format and you are running Debian Linux. Which of the following would help you to install it on your system?
rpm-qpl apachE.xml.I386.rpm
You want to preview where the package file, apachE.xml.i386.rpm, will install its files before installing it. What command do you issue?
nologin
You want to temporarily prevent users from logging in. Please complete the following command: touch /etc/_____
kill-15 123
You wish to kill a process with a PID of 123. Select the command which exiting.
61
Your ISP has given you an IP block for your use. The block is 192.168.112.64/26. If your network administrator uses the first usable IP for the router he's installed on your network, how many usable IPs do you have left? (Please enter the number and not a word)
/etc/X11/gdm/Init/Default
Your department decided to change the Gnome Display Manager's greeting. What configuration file should you edit?
/etc/X11/gdm/lnit/Default
Your department decided to change the Gnome Display Manager's greeting. What configuration file should you edit?
MAKEMODULES_INSTALL
Your newly-compiled kernel can not find any modules it needs to load. What command was missed when compiling and installing the kernel?
alias ethO 3c59x
Your routing configuration relies on eth0 being a 3com card that requires the 3c59x module. What line must be added to modules configuration file, to ensure that eth0 always uses this module?
/etc/X11/xdm/Xsetup
Your senior administrator asked you to change the default background of his machine, which uses XDM. Which file would you edit to achieve this?
GOK
For accessibility assistance, which of the following programs is an onscreen keyboard?
someone's patch to a stable kernel.
A 2.6.9-ac1 kernel would be
Alter the locale.
A French user has installed the French language pack, but currencies are still being displayed with a leading '$' sign in his spreadsheets. What must be done to fix this?
telinit 3
A Linux server is running in single user mode, but the problem that existed before is now fixed. What command is most appropriate to restore the server to service?
clean, install, uninstall
A Makefile typically contains which targets?
/ETC/SYSCTL.CONF
A database application requires a maximum shared memory segment (shmmax) of 2GB (2147483648 Bytes). Which configuration file should be modified, to set this kernel parameter permanently? Please enter the complete path to the file
mount -a
A machine is running in single user mode and, as such, not all file-systems are accessible. What command must be run to make all of the other file-systems listed in /etc/fstab accessible?
cardctl -s; AND cat/var/lib/pcmcia/stab
A new PCMCIA network card is not functioning correctly. To troubleshoot this, the socket information should be checked. How can this be done?
OLDCONFIG
A new kernel version needs to be compiled to use a new feature. If the old kernel configuration file is available, which make target will only update the configuration file for the new kernel version? (Please enter only the make target).
depmod must be run
A pre-compiled module has been moved to /lib/modules/<kernel-version>, but 'modprobe -a <modulename>' fails to load it. What needs to be done to enable usage of this module?
/dev/hdd
A system has one hard disk, configured as master and connected to the primary IDE controller, and one CD writer, configured as slave and connected to the secondary IDE controller. If the system is correctly configured, which device is used to represent the CD writer?
dd if=/dev/zero of=/tmp/swapfilebs=1024 count=5120000; mkswap /tmp/swapfile; swapon /tmp/swapfile
A system is running out of swap space. To initialise 5GB of additional swap space, which combination of commands should be used?
/ETC/INITTAB
Configuration of X is complete and now the default runlevel can be changed from runlevel 3 to runlevel 5. In which of the following configuration files should this be done?
192.168.165.1
Consider the following command and an abbreviated version of its output: $ netstat nr Kernel IP routing table Destination Gateway Genmask Flags Iface 192.168.165.0 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.0 U ethO 127.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 255.0.0.0 U loO 0.0.0.0 192.168.165.1 0.0.0.0 UG ethO What is the default gateway for the network?
Package gtk+2-devel version 2.2.0 or higher needs to be present in the system before this nvu package may be installed.; AND The nvu-0.50.tar.bz2 file contains pristine sources for nvu.
Consider the following excerpt from an RPM spec file: Summary: Complete Web authoring system for linux Name: nvu Version: 0.50 Release: 5 Source0:%{name}-%{version}.tar.bz2 PatchO: nvu-freetype2. patch. bz2 Patchl: nvu-mozilla-l.lsystem- myspell-dicts.patch.bz2 Patch2: nvu-mozilla-1.7-spellcheck-full-langname.patch.bz2 License: MPL/LGPL/GPi-Group: Development/Other Url: http://www.nvu.com BuildRoot:%{_tmppath}/%{name}-buildroot BuildRequires: libjpeg-devel libpng-devel liblDL-devel BuildRequires: ziptcsh BuildRequires: gtk+2-devel >= 2.2.0 Which TWO of the following sentences are true about this package?
Z
Consider the following output: prompt> myapp [1]+ Stopped myapp This output was the result of the user pressing the keyboard combination of the Ctrl key and what letter key? Enter only the single (1) letter as your answer.
mount /media/floppy
Consider the following/etc/fstab file: /dev/hdal swap swap defaults 0 0 /dev/hda2 / ext2 defaults 11 /dev/hda3 /home ext2 defaults 12 none/proc proc defaults 0 0 /dev/fdO /media/floppy vfat user,noauto 0 0 What command can an ordinary (non-root) user use to mo
ide-scsi
Considering that a 2.4 series Linux kernel is being used, which kernel module must be loaded to enable CD burning with an IDE CD writer?
Kernel loading.
During which stage of the boot process would this message be seen? ide_setup: hdc=ide-scsi
newline
Each entry in a crontab must end with what character?
The administrator reboots the system with a recovery disk and checks the root file system for errors with fsck
The Linux kernel is loaded successfully by the boot loader. However, straight after the kernel mounts the root filesystem, the boot process stops and an error message regarding init is shown. Which of the following actions is the best one to be used in order to identify and fix the problem?
writeable=no
The Samba configuration file uses the parameter read only=yes. Which of the following is equivalent?
xmodmap
The X program _________is often used to make minor keyboard adjustments, like proper Backspace/Delete mapping.
date /bin/date
The ______ command is used to print out the current date and time on the system.
groupadd
The ________ command is used to add a group to the system.
chage
The _________ command is used to modify or set the password expiration for a user.
netstat
The _____________ command is used to print the network connections, routing tables, and interface statistics.
SWAP
The ___________partition is used for virtual memory.
TUNE2FS
The administrator notices that a 10GB ext2 file-system used only for data storage has approximately 540MB reserved for root. Which command can be used to change the file-system parameters to make all of the partition available to users, WITHOUT losing data? Please enter only the command without path, options or parameters.
the process id of last background command
The command echo $! will produce what output?
1 megabyte
The command mkfs -t ext3 -T largefile /dev/hdb1 creates what size of inode?
file
The command used to determine a file's type is
mailq
The command_________ prints a list of email that is currently in the queue waiting for delivery. (Please specify the command with or without path or arguments)
0 15,16,17 * * 1,4 chklog
The correct crontab entry to execute the script chklog once per hour between 3 p.m. and 5 p.m. on Monday and Thursday each week is:
useradd command.
The files in the /etc/skel directory are used by the
lpq
The legacy program for listing files in the printer queues from the command line is:
lpr
The legacy program for sending files to the printer queues from the command line is:
[data] path = /srv/smb/data writelist= @foo+all force group = @foo+all create mask = 0770 directory mask = 0770; AND [data] comment = data share path =/srv/smb/data writelist= @foo+all force group = @foo+all create mask = 0770 directory mask = 0770
The new file server is a member server of the Windows domain foo. Which TWO of the following configuration sections will allow members of the domain group all to read, write and execute files in /srv/smb/data?
modprobe8139toodev=eth0; modprobe ne2k-pci dev=ethl
The server has two network cards. The driver for the first card is the module 8139too and the driver for the second card is the module ne2k-pci. How is it possible to ensure that the card using the 8139too driver is detected before the card using the ne2k-pci driver?
/tmp
The sticky bit is usually set on
cat /proc/swaps; AND swapon -s
The swap usage on a system needs to be checked. Which TWO commands can be used to display a swap usage summary?
xset
The system bell sound is annoying you. Which of the following can you use to change this and other userX preferences?
logrotate
The system utility that automatically creates new log files and moves old ones is called what?
Answer: /usr/share/zoneinfo/ /usr/share/zoneinfo
The system's timezone may be set by linking /etc/localtime to an appropriate file in which directory?
Severity notice messages from the auth facility will be directed to /dev/console: AND Severity notice messages from the kern facility will be directed to /dev/console; AND Severity err messages from the mail facility will be directed /dev/console
Which statements are true regarding the following syslog.conf configuration directive? *.err;kern.notice;auth.notice /dev/console
Idconfig
Which system administration command you can use to update Id.so.cache after the installation of new shared libraries?
fsck
Which utility would you use to change how often a filesystem check was performed over an EXT2 filesystem (without losing any data stored on that filesystem)?
lsof
While performing a security audit, you discover that a machine is accepting connections on TCP port 184, but it is not obvious which process has the port open. Which of the following programs would you use to find out?
F
While using the vi editor, you wish to move ahead one page. You should press the control key and:
xfs
With Xorg 7.0, what is the name of the default font server?
TUNE2FS
With which command can the reserved blocks count for a file-system be seen? (Please enter only the command without the path or any parameters or options)
TUNE2FS-L/DEV/HDA1
With which command can the reserved blocks on /dev/hda1 be displayed? (Enter the command with all parameters and/or options)
BROWSEABLE
With which parameter in the smb.conf file can a share be hidden?
xwininfo
X is running okay but you're concerned that you may not have the right color depth set. What single command will show you the running color depth while in X?
/HOME
You are building a server that will be the file server for all users on your 100 user network. The server may have many hardware and operating system upgrades. Which directory should have its own mount point and/or hard drive?
MAKE
You are compiling some software from source. After running ./configure with the appropriate arguments and no errors, what is the next command to run?
In -s /tmp/foo.d/foo.conf/etc/foo.conf
You are experimenting with a binary in /tmp/foo.d that expects its configuration file at/etc/foo.conf. You don't want to save it there, but use a symbolic link to /tmp/foo.d/foo.conf instead. Which command would accomplish that?
FOUR
You are formatting a single hard disk for a Linux install. What is the maximum number of primary partitions you can create?
Files
You are having problems with a particular font and you want to see if its directory is included in XF86Config. Which section contains this information?
groups
You are logged in as root. What command do you run to find out what groups user bruno belongs to?
which
You are looking for an executable file foo. Select the command that would search for foo within directories set in the shell variable, PATH.
use that binary to interpret the script.
You are looking into a new script you received from your senior administrator. In the very first line you notice a #! followed by a path to a binary. Linux will:
/BIN/DMESG
You are not sure whether the kernel has detected a piece of hardware in your machine. What command, without options or parameters, should be run to present the contents of the kernel ringbuffer?
You forgot to put the library path in ld.so.conf.
You are preparing a new set of shared libraries in /usr/local/applib and you have written and compiled some code that uses these libraries. You have already performed an Idconfig, however the system still cannot find the shared libraries. What is most likely the cause of this?
You need to upgrade the kernel
You are running Linux 2.0.36 and you need to add a USB mouse to your system. Which of the following statements is true?
/var/spool/mail
You are running an email server configured with the default settings. In which directory will you commonly find the delivered mail for the user foo?
~/.Xdefaults
You are the system administrator for a consulting firm where several people use Linux as their desktop operating system. One of your users has installed a commercial publishing program that works under X on a variety of UNIX and Linux platforms. The user made a series of configuration changes regarding the initial window size, location and color. Now, he is having difficulty undoing these changes and is asking for your help. In which file would you think you would most likely find the configuration settings you are seeking to change?
DISPLAY
You are using an application that you want to appear on the screen of another machine. What environment variable would you have to set or edit to achieve this?
repquota
You are using quota on your system. How can you see disk quota details?
ifconfig eth1
You are working on a server that has multiple ethernet network interfaces, and you wish to find out the IP address assigned to the ethl interface. Which of the following commands will print the necassary information
netstat
You can run the_______ command to see active network and UNIX domain socket connections. (Please specify the command with no options or parameters)
/etc/xinetd.conf
You decide to use xinetd instead of inetd. Now, you need to transfer information from /etc/inetd.conf to another file. Which file must be created or edited? (Please specify the full path)
atrm
You discovered a pending job for the at command. Which of the following do you have to use to remove it?
the current minute
You enter the command date +%M. What does the output show you?
