Lipids
High levels of LDL indicate that ___________ is elevated and is called ____________________.
Cholesterol; Hypercholesterolemia
What is made of cyclopentanoperhydrophenathrene ring and a OH group?
Cholestrol
What 2 LP carry Triglycerides and what percent do they carry them in?
Chyl - 90% and VLDL- 55 %
A non-fasting patient will have _________ carrying ___________.
Chyl; trig
What is the order of movement for the lipoproteins
Chylo,LDL,VLDL,HDL
The lipoprotein class involved in the transport of dietary trig from the small intestine?
Chylomicrons
Which lipoprotein is extremely-low density?
Chylomicrons
Which lipoprotein that is the major carrier of dietarty trig and is not normally visable in fasting specimen?
Chylomicrons
True or False; The major portion of cholesterol in the plasma is in the free form.
False
True or False; the high the HDL-C the greater the risk of CHD.
False
True or False; the liver synthesizes lipoproteins which allows lipids to be carried in the blood?
False
True or False; the secretion of pancreatic lipase in necessary or the hydrolysis of cholesterol.
False
Which lipoprotein which is credited with returning cholesterol from the tissues back to the liver is:
HDL
Which of the following lipoproteins contains the highest percentage of trig
VLDL
Where is the source of HDL
liver and intestines
Premature atherosclerosis is most often associated with elevated level of:
low density lipoproteins
Quantitative measures of HDL cholesterol can be done by:
precipating out the LDL and VLD from serum with divalent cations.
Where is the source of LDL
tissue
A patient with a heavy VLDL band will have elevated?
trig
3 regeant in the chemical method of testing?
Actic Acid, acretic anhydride and sulfuric acid
What is another name for each HDL according to where it migrates on electrophoresis?
Alpha
Which lipoprotein is high density?
Aplha aka HDL
What apoprotein is the major one on HDL?
ApoA-1
What apoprotein is the major one on LDL?
ApoB-100
What is another name for each LDL according to where it migrates on electrophoresis?
Beta
Which lipoprotein is low-density?
Beta aka LDL
Long chains of H and C?
Fatty Acid
In what form must cholesterol be for it to react with cholesterol oxidase in the enzymatic methods:
Free
After lipase acts on Trigs to measure them,__________ carried on through the reactions.
Glycerol
Most trig methods involve the measurement of?
Glycerol
A high level of ______ is associated with decreased risk of CHD
HDL
Which two precipitates LDL and VLDL so that HDL can be measured?
Heprin and manganese
In lipoproteins, as the percentage of protein increase, the density will __________.
Increase
Where is the source of chylomicrons
Intestine
Where do Chylomicrons migrate if present?
It stays where it starts
What enzyme esterfies cholesterol?
LCAT
The lipid that builds up in the lining of arteries and leads to atherosclerosis?
LDL
Which of the following contains the highest percentage of cholesterol
LDL
the lipoprotein fraction with the greatest proportion of cholestrol is?
LDL
What 2 LP carry Cholesterol and what percent do they carry them in?
LDL - 45% and HDL - 15%
A patient with cholesterolemia will have a heavy _______ band?
LDL- beta
Prot, PPL and Chol shel with trigs and Chol in the core?
Lipaprotein
What enzyme breaks down triglycerides?
Lipase
Which enzyme hydrolyzes trigs into glycerol and FFA?
Lipase
The enzyme that hydrolyzes triglycerides is:
Lipoprotein lipase
Where is the source of VLDL
Liver
High Chylos or VLDLS mean that ______________ are elevated, called _________________________.
Trigylcerides; hyertriglyceridemia
True or False; HDL transport excess cholesterol from extrahepatic cells to the liver for excretion.
True
Gylcerol, a nitrogen base, a phosphate, and 2 FAs?
Phosolipid
What is another name for each VLDL according to where it migrates on electrophoresis?
Pre-Beta
Which lipoprotein is a very low-density?
Prebeta aka VLDL
Gylcerol plus 3 FAs
Trigylceride
A lipid panel should include?
Total cholesterol, LDL, HDL, and triglycerides
Causes milky appearance if serum or plasma?
Triglyceride which are carried by Chyl and VLDL
The lipid component whose direct measurement would be most affected by analyzing a non fasting specimen?
Triglycerides
3 enzymes that measure cholesterol?
cholesterol esterases, oxidase and peroxidase
The lipid fraction responsible for white "milky" layer over clear serum after overnight refrigeration.
chylomicrons
A serum specimen that was lipemic after initial centrifugation and unchanges after standing overnight due to:
increased VLDL trig
Current theory relates heart disease with
increased cholesterol can result in increased CAD
