Lipids

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High levels of LDL indicate that ___________ is elevated and is called ____________________.

Cholesterol; Hypercholesterolemia

What is made of cyclopentanoperhydrophenathrene ring and a OH group?

Cholestrol

What 2 LP carry Triglycerides and what percent do they carry them in?

Chyl - 90% and VLDL- 55 %

A non-fasting patient will have _________ carrying ___________.

Chyl; trig

What is the order of movement for the lipoproteins

Chylo,LDL,VLDL,HDL

The lipoprotein class involved in the transport of dietary trig from the small intestine?

Chylomicrons

Which lipoprotein is extremely-low density?

Chylomicrons

Which lipoprotein that is the major carrier of dietarty trig and is not normally visable in fasting specimen?

Chylomicrons

True or False; The major portion of cholesterol in the plasma is in the free form.

False

True or False; the high the HDL-C the greater the risk of CHD.

False

True or False; the liver synthesizes lipoproteins which allows lipids to be carried in the blood?

False

True or False; the secretion of pancreatic lipase in necessary or the hydrolysis of cholesterol.

False

Which lipoprotein which is credited with returning cholesterol from the tissues back to the liver is:

HDL

Which of the following lipoproteins contains the highest percentage of trig

VLDL

Where is the source of HDL

liver and intestines

Premature atherosclerosis is most often associated with elevated level of:

low density lipoproteins

Quantitative measures of HDL cholesterol can be done by:

precipating out the LDL and VLD from serum with divalent cations.

Where is the source of LDL

tissue

A patient with a heavy VLDL band will have elevated?

trig

3 regeant in the chemical method of testing?

Actic Acid, acretic anhydride and sulfuric acid

What is another name for each HDL according to where it migrates on electrophoresis?

Alpha

Which lipoprotein is high density?

Aplha aka HDL

What apoprotein is the major one on HDL?

ApoA-1

What apoprotein is the major one on LDL?

ApoB-100

What is another name for each LDL according to where it migrates on electrophoresis?

Beta

Which lipoprotein is low-density?

Beta aka LDL

Long chains of H and C?

Fatty Acid

In what form must cholesterol be for it to react with cholesterol oxidase in the enzymatic methods:

Free

After lipase acts on Trigs to measure them,__________ carried on through the reactions.

Glycerol

Most trig methods involve the measurement of?

Glycerol

A high level of ______ is associated with decreased risk of CHD

HDL

Which two precipitates LDL and VLDL so that HDL can be measured?

Heprin and manganese

In lipoproteins, as the percentage of protein increase, the density will __________.

Increase

Where is the source of chylomicrons

Intestine

Where do Chylomicrons migrate if present?

It stays where it starts

What enzyme esterfies cholesterol?

LCAT

The lipid that builds up in the lining of arteries and leads to atherosclerosis?

LDL

Which of the following contains the highest percentage of cholesterol

LDL

the lipoprotein fraction with the greatest proportion of cholestrol is?

LDL

What 2 LP carry Cholesterol and what percent do they carry them in?

LDL - 45% and HDL - 15%

A patient with cholesterolemia will have a heavy _______ band?

LDL- beta

Prot, PPL and Chol shel with trigs and Chol in the core?

Lipaprotein

What enzyme breaks down triglycerides?

Lipase

Which enzyme hydrolyzes trigs into glycerol and FFA?

Lipase

The enzyme that hydrolyzes triglycerides is:

Lipoprotein lipase

Where is the source of VLDL

Liver

High Chylos or VLDLS mean that ______________ are elevated, called _________________________.

Trigylcerides; hyertriglyceridemia

True or False; HDL transport excess cholesterol from extrahepatic cells to the liver for excretion.

True

Gylcerol, a nitrogen base, a phosphate, and 2 FAs?

Phosolipid

What is another name for each VLDL according to where it migrates on electrophoresis?

Pre-Beta

Which lipoprotein is a very low-density?

Prebeta aka VLDL

Gylcerol plus 3 FAs

Trigylceride

A lipid panel should include?

Total cholesterol, LDL, HDL, and triglycerides

Causes milky appearance if serum or plasma?

Triglyceride which are carried by Chyl and VLDL

The lipid component whose direct measurement would be most affected by analyzing a non fasting specimen?

Triglycerides

3 enzymes that measure cholesterol?

cholesterol esterases, oxidase and peroxidase

The lipid fraction responsible for white "milky" layer over clear serum after overnight refrigeration.

chylomicrons

A serum specimen that was lipemic after initial centrifugation and unchanges after standing overnight due to:

increased VLDL trig

Current theory relates heart disease with

increased cholesterol can result in increased CAD


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