Lipids (neutral lipids)
The 5 main categories of Lipids are:
1. The neutral lipids (fats). 2. Phospholipids. 3.Steroids, and steroid hormones. 4. Fat soluble vitamins. 5. Prostaglandins.
Neutral lipids:
1. contain only C, H, and O. 2. are the most abundant lipids in nature. 3. Exist as: Fats, Oils, and Waxes.
neutral lipids are like carbohydrates in what ways?
A. like fats as an energy source, are used for long term energy storage. B. More of an energy than a carbon source.
neutral lipids are not?
Insoluble in water ( fatty acids have a polar group but neutral lipids do not.
lipids are
Insoluble or mildly soluble in water because they lack polar groups. soluble in non-polar organic solvents.
Fatty acids and (neutral lipids which are made up of fatty acids can be saturated, unsaturated, and polyunsaturated=
Saturated-no double bond, all C-C bonds, are solid at RT. ex. animal fat, and butter. Unsaturated-Have double bonds, are liquid at RT, ex. vegetable oils. Polyunsaturated- have a number of bonds= double, triple bonds.
Neutral lipids are also called?
Triglycerides, made up of two kinds of building blocks: fatty acids and glycerol.
Waxes are?
beeswax, cuticle of fruits and flowers.
Neutral lipid fats are used to?
build body parts and to store fat to be used as a insulator against heat loss and mechanical injury.
Waxes are:
esters in a very long chain of Fatty acids, very long chain alcohol. Are waterproof, resist dehydration. Form a protective covering
fatty acids not made in sufficient quantities in body are called Essential fatty acids:
linoleic acid and a-linolenic acid (lack of linoleic acid in diet of rats cause a scaly dermatitis.
Oils are?
liquid at room temp., more unsaturated (vegetable oils)
The most abundant unsaturated fatty acid in nature is:
oleic acid (found in oleo-margarine)
The most prevalent saturated fatty acids in neutral animal fats are:
palmitic acid: CH3(CH2)14 COOH stearic acid: CH3(CH2)16COOH
Fats are?
solid at room temp. mostly saturated fats (animal fats)
