Liver

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The diameter of the portal vein should not exceed

13mm

A true aneurysm with a dílatation of the aorta

3 cm

Important ligaments of the liver are all except ? Falciform ligament Ligamentum teres Acromioclavicular ligament Ligamentum venosum

Acromioclavicular ligament

Right portal vein decides into

Anterior and posterior branches

Most of the liver is enclosed in the peritoneum. An exception to this is a triangular space on the posterior surface called

Bare area

The pathology is defined as the occlusion of some or all of the hepatic veins and or oclusion of IVC

Budd chiari syndrome

It is a small lobe situated. It is bounded below by the porta hepatis, on the right by the fossa for the IVC and on the left by the ductus venosum

Caudate Lobe

This is a tumor that appears more frequently in women. It is benign, congenital tumor consisting of large, blood filled cyst spaces

Cavernous hemangioma

This woman recently delivered a vigorous baby. Went for a liver ultrasound and a hyperechoic mass less than 3cm was found in the right lobe. No color flow and mirror artifact was seen next to the diaphragm

Cavernous hemangioma

A condition characterized by abdominal pain atribuyes to compression of the celiac artery by the medial arcuate ligament

Celiac axis syndrome

This is a devastating liver disorder that is defined as hepatocytes death, fibrosis and necrosis if the liver

Cirrhosis

It is a system that provides the anatomic basis for a hepatic surgical resection. Is based on the portal and hepatic venous segments.

Couinauds system

Typical long standing cirrhosis have all the following sonographic appearance except Small liver Modular outline Increase echogenicity Decreased echogenicity

Decreased echogenicity

Hydatid disease also known as

Echinococcal disease

Shepherds are at risk of which of the following pathologies

Echinococcal disease

All of the following are finding of portal hypertension except Shrunken Rt lobe Enlarged caudate and Lt lobe Enlarge Rt lobe Splenomegaly

Enlarge Rt lobe

This ligament extends from umbilicus to the diaphragm. Within this ligament is a ligament teres which is a remnant of the old umbilical vein

Falciform ligamentum

This pathology is caused by deposits of fat inside the hepatocytes produces by obesity, alcohol abuse, glycogen storage desease, drug use (chemo) and pregnancy

Fatty liver infiltration

Hyperechoic mass adjacent to the GB would most likely represent

Focal fatty Sparing

It is the second most common benign liver mass after hemangioma

Focal nodular hyperplasia

Patient immunosuppressed, cancer, recent transplant or HIV are at risk for

Fugal abscess or candidiasis

Hepatic candidiasis is also known as

Fungal aba was ir candidiasis

It a thin connective tissue layer that surrounds the liver

Glissons capsule

The covering of the liver is referred to as

Glissons capsule

This progressive disease is a congenital error of glycogen metabolism involving primarily

Glycogen storage liver disease

Small calcification in the liver and spleen that is caused by histoplasmosis and tuberculosis

Granulomas

Is a rare disease of iron metabolism characterized by excess iron deposits throughout the body. This disorder may lead to cirrhosis and portal hypertension

Hemochromatosis

The arterial supply of the liver is made by the _____ which supplies the liver with oxygenated blood. This artery is a branch of the celiac trunk and it branches accompany the portal veins

Hepatic Artery

This vessel supplies the liver with oxygenated blood from the aorta

Hepatic Artery

The liver received a dual blood supply from the ____ and the ______

Hepatic Artery and portal vein

____ occur by the spread of fungus candida Alborán in the blood

Hepatic candidiasis

This patient had a car accident one day before. When ultrasound was performed the sonographer found a hyperechoic mass in the liver. Lab test report decrease level of hematocrit

Hepatic hematoma

All of the following structures are considered intrasegmental and intralobar except Hepatic artery Portal vein Hepatic vein Bikiary duct

Hepatic vein

Structures that are part of the Portal triad are all of the following except Portal vein Hepatic artery Hepatic vein Bile duct

Hepatic vein

This vessel travels between the lobes and segments being called Intersegmental and interlobar

Hepatic vein

Focal liver disease are considered all of the following except Hepatic cyst Hydatid liver cyst Hepatitis Payogenic hepatic abscess Amebic hepatic abscess

Hepatitis

This pathology has the following ultrasound findings, hypoechoic liver parenchyma, prominent portal vessel " starry sky sign" thickened Gb and hepatosplenomegaly

Hepatitis

This type of hepatitis is transmitted via fecal oral route in contaminated water or food.

Hepatitis A

Malignant pediatric liver tumor is called

Hepatoblastoma

Most common malignant tumor of the childhood is called

Hepatoblastoma

This tumor is usually found in children with Bechwith- Wiedeman syndrome

Hepatoblastoma

Flow in portal vein is the sonographic finding in portal hypertension

Hepatofugal

When the liver has greater than 15 cm superior-inferior dimensions is called

Hepatomeagly

Normal flow of the portal vein described as

Hepatopedal

In the disease the patient can be at risk of anaphylactic shock

Hydatid disease

This sonographic description is highly particular to this disease. A cyst within a cyst mother cyst containing daughter cyst

Hydatid disease

The hepatic vein drains liver blood to the

IVC

A vessel located posterior to the SMA and anterior for the aorta is

Left renal vein

Classic clinical sign and symptoms of hepatoma are all of the following except

Leukocytosis

This structure appears as a bright triangular shape, echogenic fossa. It is rounded termination of the falciform ligament and is the umbilical vein in fetal life. It devides the medial and lateral segments of the left lobe of the liver

Ligamentum teres

Triangular hyperechoic structure located in the left lobe of the liver that is fibrous, round ligament formed by the obliterated left umbilical vein

Ligamentum teres

This structure is a remnant if the ductus venosum. It runs from the left portal vein to the IVC separating the left lobe from the caudate lobe of the liver

Ligamentum venosum

This is a rare benign liver tumor that is often associated with the use of contraceptive oral pill

Liver cell adenoma

It is the boundary between the right and left lobes of the liver. On the longitudinal scan, it may be seen a hyperechoic line extending from the portal vein and the neck of the gallbladder

Main lobar fissure

ligamentum teres can be used to separate the

Medial and lateral segments of the left lobe

The left lobe of the liver can be separated from the right lobe by which of the following structures

Middle hepatic vein and main lobar fissure

The potential space located between right lobe and upper pole of the right kidney

Morrison pouch

Results most commonly from the compression of the left renal vein between the abdominal aorta and SMA

Nutcracker syndrome

This vessel carries poor oxygenated blood from the intestines and spleen but is rich in nutrients and supplies the half oxygen requirements of the hepatocytes because of its great flow

Portal Vein

It is characterized by traveling to the center of each intrasegmental

Portal tríad

Structure that has brighter walls owing to collagen within the wall( incased in a fibro fatty sheath)

Portal vein

This structure entera the liver at the porta hepatis posterior to the hepatic artery and common bile duct and then it divides into the right and left branches

Portal vein

Which of the following is true concerning the portal vein?

Portal vein has brighter walls than the hepatic veins

Which of the following is true concerning portal vein?

Portal vein should demonstrate hepatopedal flow

Which of the following is true concerning the portal vein

Portal veins carry deoxygenated blood from the liver

Which of the following is true concerning the portal vein?

Portal veins decrease diameter as they approach the diaphragm

Can be result of spread of infection from appendicitis, cholangitis, cholecystisis, diverticulitis, and endocarditis

Pyogenic hepatic abscess

Fatty Infiltration of the Liver is considered a ____ disease

Reversible

A tongue like process occasionally extending downward from the right lobe of the liver laterally to the gallbladder

Riedel's lobe

It is a congenital variant. Can be seen as an anterior projection of the liver and may extent to the iliac crest

Riedels lobe

All of the following are landmarks to decide the right and left lobes except Main lobar fissure The Gb fossa inferiorly The IVC posteriorly Right hepatic vein The middle hepatic vein superiorly

Right hepatic Vein

The right Intersegmental fissure contains

Right hepatic vein

The right lobe of the liver is divided into anterior and posterior segments by the:

Right hepatic vein

Three vessels forming the portan vein

SMV, IMV, splenic vein

A solitary nonparasitic cyst is called

Simple cyst

The following sonographic characteristic; a school thin walls, well defined borders and distal posterior enhancement are classic features of

Simple cyst

The potential space located between the diaphragm and the liver which is known as common site for an esa formation

Subphrenic Space

Interventional procedure for portal hypertension

Transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt

Abnormal liver test during cirrhosis are all except AST Alt Vitamin k Bilirubin Lactate dehydrogenase

Vitamin k

Most common presentation of glycogen storage disease

Von Gierke's disease

This disease in which abnormally large amount of glycogen are deposited in liver and kidneys

Von Gierkes Disease

Most common cause of cirrhosis

alcoholism

What is the most common benign tumor of the liver ?

cavernous hemangioma

Von Gierke's Disease most common with

glycogen storage disease

Which of the following hepatic structures is interlobar in location

hepatic vein

inflammation of the liver is called

hepatitis

Left lobe of the liver can be separated from the right lobe by

middle hepatic vein

Enlargement of portal vein more than ___ mm is consistent of portal hypertension

13 mm


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