Liver
The diameter of the portal vein should not exceed
13mm
A true aneurysm with a dílatation of the aorta
3 cm
Important ligaments of the liver are all except ? Falciform ligament Ligamentum teres Acromioclavicular ligament Ligamentum venosum
Acromioclavicular ligament
Right portal vein decides into
Anterior and posterior branches
Most of the liver is enclosed in the peritoneum. An exception to this is a triangular space on the posterior surface called
Bare area
The pathology is defined as the occlusion of some or all of the hepatic veins and or oclusion of IVC
Budd chiari syndrome
It is a small lobe situated. It is bounded below by the porta hepatis, on the right by the fossa for the IVC and on the left by the ductus venosum
Caudate Lobe
This is a tumor that appears more frequently in women. It is benign, congenital tumor consisting of large, blood filled cyst spaces
Cavernous hemangioma
This woman recently delivered a vigorous baby. Went for a liver ultrasound and a hyperechoic mass less than 3cm was found in the right lobe. No color flow and mirror artifact was seen next to the diaphragm
Cavernous hemangioma
A condition characterized by abdominal pain atribuyes to compression of the celiac artery by the medial arcuate ligament
Celiac axis syndrome
This is a devastating liver disorder that is defined as hepatocytes death, fibrosis and necrosis if the liver
Cirrhosis
It is a system that provides the anatomic basis for a hepatic surgical resection. Is based on the portal and hepatic venous segments.
Couinauds system
Typical long standing cirrhosis have all the following sonographic appearance except Small liver Modular outline Increase echogenicity Decreased echogenicity
Decreased echogenicity
Hydatid disease also known as
Echinococcal disease
Shepherds are at risk of which of the following pathologies
Echinococcal disease
All of the following are finding of portal hypertension except Shrunken Rt lobe Enlarged caudate and Lt lobe Enlarge Rt lobe Splenomegaly
Enlarge Rt lobe
This ligament extends from umbilicus to the diaphragm. Within this ligament is a ligament teres which is a remnant of the old umbilical vein
Falciform ligamentum
This pathology is caused by deposits of fat inside the hepatocytes produces by obesity, alcohol abuse, glycogen storage desease, drug use (chemo) and pregnancy
Fatty liver infiltration
Hyperechoic mass adjacent to the GB would most likely represent
Focal fatty Sparing
It is the second most common benign liver mass after hemangioma
Focal nodular hyperplasia
Patient immunosuppressed, cancer, recent transplant or HIV are at risk for
Fugal abscess or candidiasis
Hepatic candidiasis is also known as
Fungal aba was ir candidiasis
It a thin connective tissue layer that surrounds the liver
Glissons capsule
The covering of the liver is referred to as
Glissons capsule
This progressive disease is a congenital error of glycogen metabolism involving primarily
Glycogen storage liver disease
Small calcification in the liver and spleen that is caused by histoplasmosis and tuberculosis
Granulomas
Is a rare disease of iron metabolism characterized by excess iron deposits throughout the body. This disorder may lead to cirrhosis and portal hypertension
Hemochromatosis
The arterial supply of the liver is made by the _____ which supplies the liver with oxygenated blood. This artery is a branch of the celiac trunk and it branches accompany the portal veins
Hepatic Artery
This vessel supplies the liver with oxygenated blood from the aorta
Hepatic Artery
The liver received a dual blood supply from the ____ and the ______
Hepatic Artery and portal vein
____ occur by the spread of fungus candida Alborán in the blood
Hepatic candidiasis
This patient had a car accident one day before. When ultrasound was performed the sonographer found a hyperechoic mass in the liver. Lab test report decrease level of hematocrit
Hepatic hematoma
All of the following structures are considered intrasegmental and intralobar except Hepatic artery Portal vein Hepatic vein Bikiary duct
Hepatic vein
Structures that are part of the Portal triad are all of the following except Portal vein Hepatic artery Hepatic vein Bile duct
Hepatic vein
This vessel travels between the lobes and segments being called Intersegmental and interlobar
Hepatic vein
Focal liver disease are considered all of the following except Hepatic cyst Hydatid liver cyst Hepatitis Payogenic hepatic abscess Amebic hepatic abscess
Hepatitis
This pathology has the following ultrasound findings, hypoechoic liver parenchyma, prominent portal vessel " starry sky sign" thickened Gb and hepatosplenomegaly
Hepatitis
This type of hepatitis is transmitted via fecal oral route in contaminated water or food.
Hepatitis A
Malignant pediatric liver tumor is called
Hepatoblastoma
Most common malignant tumor of the childhood is called
Hepatoblastoma
This tumor is usually found in children with Bechwith- Wiedeman syndrome
Hepatoblastoma
Flow in portal vein is the sonographic finding in portal hypertension
Hepatofugal
When the liver has greater than 15 cm superior-inferior dimensions is called
Hepatomeagly
Normal flow of the portal vein described as
Hepatopedal
In the disease the patient can be at risk of anaphylactic shock
Hydatid disease
This sonographic description is highly particular to this disease. A cyst within a cyst mother cyst containing daughter cyst
Hydatid disease
The hepatic vein drains liver blood to the
IVC
A vessel located posterior to the SMA and anterior for the aorta is
Left renal vein
Classic clinical sign and symptoms of hepatoma are all of the following except
Leukocytosis
This structure appears as a bright triangular shape, echogenic fossa. It is rounded termination of the falciform ligament and is the umbilical vein in fetal life. It devides the medial and lateral segments of the left lobe of the liver
Ligamentum teres
Triangular hyperechoic structure located in the left lobe of the liver that is fibrous, round ligament formed by the obliterated left umbilical vein
Ligamentum teres
This structure is a remnant if the ductus venosum. It runs from the left portal vein to the IVC separating the left lobe from the caudate lobe of the liver
Ligamentum venosum
This is a rare benign liver tumor that is often associated with the use of contraceptive oral pill
Liver cell adenoma
It is the boundary between the right and left lobes of the liver. On the longitudinal scan, it may be seen a hyperechoic line extending from the portal vein and the neck of the gallbladder
Main lobar fissure
ligamentum teres can be used to separate the
Medial and lateral segments of the left lobe
The left lobe of the liver can be separated from the right lobe by which of the following structures
Middle hepatic vein and main lobar fissure
The potential space located between right lobe and upper pole of the right kidney
Morrison pouch
Results most commonly from the compression of the left renal vein between the abdominal aorta and SMA
Nutcracker syndrome
This vessel carries poor oxygenated blood from the intestines and spleen but is rich in nutrients and supplies the half oxygen requirements of the hepatocytes because of its great flow
Portal Vein
It is characterized by traveling to the center of each intrasegmental
Portal tríad
Structure that has brighter walls owing to collagen within the wall( incased in a fibro fatty sheath)
Portal vein
This structure entera the liver at the porta hepatis posterior to the hepatic artery and common bile duct and then it divides into the right and left branches
Portal vein
Which of the following is true concerning the portal vein?
Portal vein has brighter walls than the hepatic veins
Which of the following is true concerning portal vein?
Portal vein should demonstrate hepatopedal flow
Which of the following is true concerning the portal vein
Portal veins carry deoxygenated blood from the liver
Which of the following is true concerning the portal vein?
Portal veins decrease diameter as they approach the diaphragm
Can be result of spread of infection from appendicitis, cholangitis, cholecystisis, diverticulitis, and endocarditis
Pyogenic hepatic abscess
Fatty Infiltration of the Liver is considered a ____ disease
Reversible
A tongue like process occasionally extending downward from the right lobe of the liver laterally to the gallbladder
Riedel's lobe
It is a congenital variant. Can be seen as an anterior projection of the liver and may extent to the iliac crest
Riedels lobe
All of the following are landmarks to decide the right and left lobes except Main lobar fissure The Gb fossa inferiorly The IVC posteriorly Right hepatic vein The middle hepatic vein superiorly
Right hepatic Vein
The right Intersegmental fissure contains
Right hepatic vein
The right lobe of the liver is divided into anterior and posterior segments by the:
Right hepatic vein
Three vessels forming the portan vein
SMV, IMV, splenic vein
A solitary nonparasitic cyst is called
Simple cyst
The following sonographic characteristic; a school thin walls, well defined borders and distal posterior enhancement are classic features of
Simple cyst
The potential space located between the diaphragm and the liver which is known as common site for an esa formation
Subphrenic Space
Interventional procedure for portal hypertension
Transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt
Abnormal liver test during cirrhosis are all except AST Alt Vitamin k Bilirubin Lactate dehydrogenase
Vitamin k
Most common presentation of glycogen storage disease
Von Gierke's disease
This disease in which abnormally large amount of glycogen are deposited in liver and kidneys
Von Gierkes Disease
Most common cause of cirrhosis
alcoholism
What is the most common benign tumor of the liver ?
cavernous hemangioma
Von Gierke's Disease most common with
glycogen storage disease
Which of the following hepatic structures is interlobar in location
hepatic vein
inflammation of the liver is called
hepatitis
Left lobe of the liver can be separated from the right lobe by
middle hepatic vein
Enlargement of portal vein more than ___ mm is consistent of portal hypertension
13 mm