Logical Fallacies Test 3/20/18 YOU CAN DO IT!!!!!!
How could anyone vote for Hillary Clinton for Senator? The fact that she's still married to Bill Clinton proves that she has no self respect.
Ad hominem
Mrs. Smith of the Daily Grind Coffee Shop, insisted that pregnant mothers need not be concerned about the effect of caffeine consumption on the behavior of their unborn children
Appeal to False Authority
Trees have barks. Every dog barks. Therefore, eveyr dog is a tree
Equivocation
Time is money!
False analogy
If you don't sing tomorrow, then the play will be ruined
False dilemma
You either did knock the glass over or you did not. Which is it?
False dilemma
Personal glory matter more to professional athletes than the success of their teams
Hasty Generalization
ad hominem?
Means "to the man", someone attacks the person, not the argument
My friend Jenna was invovled in a car accident last night on Hightower Road. My cousin Greg was involved in a car accident a year ago in the same place. The county has to do something about that dangerous spot
Misleading statistic
Ms. M is under investigation for tax evasion so we should not accept her proposal for building a new school
Non Sequitur
Never buy a new book over an old book-it is the old books that contain hard won wisdom
Non sequitur
Women are shorter and younger than their husbands. Since Alan want to get married, he should begin dating shorter and younger women
Over generalized
There was a full moon and I played two matches of rugby the week before, it is no wonder that my score on the LSAT was low
Post Hoc, propter hoc
Ever since we installed the internet in the dorms, the number of students interested in majoring in Material Science has diminished
Post hoc, Propter hoc
When the fuel light goes on in my car, I soon run out of gas. Therefore, the fuel light causes my car to run out of gas.
Post hoc, ergo propter hoc
Legalizing marijuna will mean increased availabilty, which means more addiction and more drug-related crime and collapse our society
Slippery slope
Pamela is the class secretary; she thinks tha tthe class should do more service projects. Mark says he can't believe that Pamela doesn't suppor the annual school dance
Straw-man argument
The Romans kept slaves; therefore we can too.
Tu Quoque
misleading statistic?
Uses facts (or a fact) in isolation, so information is missing
My oppenent should not be elected mayor because he had an affair five years ago
ad hominem
We all know Nixon was a liar and a cheat, so why should we believe anything he says?
ad hominem
Michael Jordan wars Hanes underwear, so you should too
appeal to doubtful authority
Mr. Turner, president of the Big Pine Lumber Company, has said that we should chop down all the redwoods and sell the timber to stimulate the local economy. In view of Mr. Turner's experience with the lumber business, it appears that we should indeed do this.
appeal to doubtful authority
Dinosaurs, like the T-rex are certainly not warm blooded. It doesn't take much brainpower to see that these creatures are cold blooded reptiles
begging the question
Going on a pilgrimage to Mecca has caused people to change. I'm going to Mecca; therefore, I will change
begging the question
If these politicians were patriotic, they would not question the president
begging the question
Racism is wrong. Therefore, we need affirmative action
begging the question
Bigfoot isn't real because there is no proof of his existence
begging the question (circular reasoning)
equivocation?
changing a word's meaning in the course of an argument
straw man argument?
changing opponent's position, then attacks it
I have a right to say what I want, therefore you shouldn't try to silence me
circular reasoning
circular reasoning?
conclusion comes first. This happens when the major premise is replaced by a conclusion
post hoc, ergo propter hoc?
credit or blame simply because it happened before
For lunch, soup is better than nothing. Nothing is better than pizza. Therefor, soup is better than pizza
equivocaiton
All banks are beside rivers.. Therefore, the financial institution where I deposit my money is beside a river.
equivocation
slippery slope?
exaggerating the potential consequence of an event or choice; snowballing
Choosing not to do homework is like choosing not to brush your teeth: the long-term consequences outweigh the short-term benefits
false analogy
Government is like business, so just as business must be sensitive to the bottom line, so also much government
false analogy
During their average lifetime, which animal's heart beats the most: an elephant or a mouse?
false dilemma
We either have to cut medicare or leave a huge debt for our children
false dilemma
false analogy?
falsely comparing things that are not fully comparable
I have several white friends, and every one of them loves country music. All white people lve country music
hasty or sweeping generalization
to quoque?
hypocricy, saying advice is invalid if the person doesn't take their own advice
hasty or sweeping generalization
look at one person and decide entire group must be like that
non sequitur?
makes no sense, no connection to premise (A to B) what soever
The principal should hire this teacher. His test scores improved 100% in just one year
misleading statistic
I deserve an A in Chemistry because I studied really hard
non sequitur
I love tomatoes, so I'm going to learn to speak Chinese
non sequitur
My family lived in St. Etienne since records were kept. This is why I will have neither the internet nor a computer in my house
non sequitur
All immigrants have trouble with the law. They come form countries where thievery and lying are considered art forms
overgeneralized
A black cat crossed Joe's path yesterday, and he died last night. The black cat caused Joe's death.
post hoc, ergo propter hoc
Roosters crow just before the sun rises. Therefore, roosters crowing causes the sun to rise
post hoc, ergo propter hoc
When I study for tests, I fail them. When I don't study for tests, I pass
post hoc, ergo propter hoc
When the rooster crows, the sun rises. Therefore, the rooster causes the sun to rise
post hoc, ergo propter hoc
Immigration to Alberta from Ontario increased. Soon after, the welfare rolls increased. Therefore, the increased immigration caused the increased welfare rolls
post hoc, ergo propter hoc.
How can you be worried about the effects of a tax cut when our soldiers are dying in Iraq
red herring
Our teacher should not give homework over the weekend because we have a religious hoilday It is a teachers repsonsibility to respect my religion
red herring
stereotyping
result of sweeping generalization
If you don't expose your child to germs, he will never get sick and therefore never build up his immune system to fight illness. He will grow up to be a sickly adult.
slippery slope
false dilemma?
someone makes you feel like you only have 2 options, when it is not the end all be all, appeals to fear
All white people love country music. Since you are white, you must love country music
stereotyping
Parent: You need to clean out your backpack. Child: You know I'm ADD! Why can't you just accept me as I am?
straw-man agrument
I asked 6 of my friends what they thought of the new spending restraints, and they agreed it is a good idea. The new restraints are therefore generally popular
sweeping generalization
I have known several democrats who vacillated in their support of this policy. Democrats don't have an adamant stance concerning this policy
sweeping generalization
red herring?
switches the focus of the original argument onto another topic
appeal to doubtful authority?
treat someone who is a non-expert like they are an expert
My PE teacher is over weight, so I will not follow his advice to exercise regularly
tu quoque