Logical Fallacies Test 3/20/18 YOU CAN DO IT!!!!!!

How could anyone vote for Hillary Clinton for Senator? The fact that she's still married to Bill Clinton proves that she has no self respect.

Ad hominem

Mrs. Smith of the Daily Grind Coffee Shop, insisted that pregnant mothers need not be concerned about the effect of caffeine consumption on the behavior of their unborn children

Appeal to False Authority

Trees have barks. Every dog barks. Therefore, eveyr dog is a tree

Equivocation

Time is money!

False analogy

If you don't sing tomorrow, then the play will be ruined

False dilemma

You either did knock the glass over or you did not. Which is it?

False dilemma

Personal glory matter more to professional athletes than the success of their teams

Hasty Generalization

ad hominem?

Means "to the man", someone attacks the person, not the argument

My friend Jenna was invovled in a car accident last night on Hightower Road. My cousin Greg was involved in a car accident a year ago in the same place. The county has to do something about that dangerous spot

Misleading statistic

Ms. M is under investigation for tax evasion so we should not accept her proposal for building a new school

Non Sequitur

Never buy a new book over an old book-it is the old books that contain hard won wisdom

Non sequitur

Women are shorter and younger than their husbands. Since Alan want to get married, he should begin dating shorter and younger women

Over generalized

There was a full moon and I played two matches of rugby the week before, it is no wonder that my score on the LSAT was low

Post Hoc, propter hoc

Ever since we installed the internet in the dorms, the number of students interested in majoring in Material Science has diminished

Post hoc, Propter hoc

When the fuel light goes on in my car, I soon run out of gas. Therefore, the fuel light causes my car to run out of gas.

Post hoc, ergo propter hoc

Legalizing marijuna will mean increased availabilty, which means more addiction and more drug-related crime and collapse our society

Slippery slope

Pamela is the class secretary; she thinks tha tthe class should do more service projects. Mark says he can't believe that Pamela doesn't suppor the annual school dance

Straw-man argument

The Romans kept slaves; therefore we can too.

Tu Quoque

misleading statistic?

Uses facts (or a fact) in isolation, so information is missing

My oppenent should not be elected mayor because he had an affair five years ago

ad hominem

We all know Nixon was a liar and a cheat, so why should we believe anything he says?

ad hominem

Michael Jordan wars Hanes underwear, so you should too

appeal to doubtful authority

Mr. Turner, president of the Big Pine Lumber Company, has said that we should chop down all the redwoods and sell the timber to stimulate the local economy. In view of Mr. Turner's experience with the lumber business, it appears that we should indeed do this.

appeal to doubtful authority

Dinosaurs, like the T-rex are certainly not warm blooded. It doesn't take much brainpower to see that these creatures are cold blooded reptiles

begging the question

Going on a pilgrimage to Mecca has caused people to change. I'm going to Mecca; therefore, I will change

begging the question

If these politicians were patriotic, they would not question the president

begging the question

Racism is wrong. Therefore, we need affirmative action

begging the question

Bigfoot isn't real because there is no proof of his existence

begging the question (circular reasoning)

equivocation?

changing a word's meaning in the course of an argument

straw man argument?

changing opponent's position, then attacks it

I have a right to say what I want, therefore you shouldn't try to silence me

circular reasoning

circular reasoning?

conclusion comes first. This happens when the major premise is replaced by a conclusion

post hoc, ergo propter hoc?

credit or blame simply because it happened before

For lunch, soup is better than nothing. Nothing is better than pizza. Therefor, soup is better than pizza

equivocaiton

All banks are beside rivers.. Therefore, the financial institution where I deposit my money is beside a river.

equivocation

slippery slope?

exaggerating the potential consequence of an event or choice; snowballing

Choosing not to do homework is like choosing not to brush your teeth: the long-term consequences outweigh the short-term benefits

false analogy

Government is like business, so just as business must be sensitive to the bottom line, so also much government

false analogy

During their average lifetime, which animal's heart beats the most: an elephant or a mouse?

false dilemma

We either have to cut medicare or leave a huge debt for our children

false dilemma

false analogy?

falsely comparing things that are not fully comparable

I have several white friends, and every one of them loves country music. All white people lve country music

hasty or sweeping generalization

to quoque?

hypocricy, saying advice is invalid if the person doesn't take their own advice

hasty or sweeping generalization

look at one person and decide entire group must be like that

non sequitur?

makes no sense, no connection to premise (A to B) what soever

The principal should hire this teacher. His test scores improved 100% in just one year

misleading statistic

I deserve an A in Chemistry because I studied really hard

non sequitur

I love tomatoes, so I'm going to learn to speak Chinese

non sequitur

My family lived in St. Etienne since records were kept. This is why I will have neither the internet nor a computer in my house

non sequitur

All immigrants have trouble with the law. They come form countries where thievery and lying are considered art forms

overgeneralized

A black cat crossed Joe's path yesterday, and he died last night. The black cat caused Joe's death.

post hoc, ergo propter hoc

Roosters crow just before the sun rises. Therefore, roosters crowing causes the sun to rise

post hoc, ergo propter hoc

When I study for tests, I fail them. When I don't study for tests, I pass

post hoc, ergo propter hoc

When the rooster crows, the sun rises. Therefore, the rooster causes the sun to rise

post hoc, ergo propter hoc

Immigration to Alberta from Ontario increased. Soon after, the welfare rolls increased. Therefore, the increased immigration caused the increased welfare rolls

post hoc, ergo propter hoc.

How can you be worried about the effects of a tax cut when our soldiers are dying in Iraq

red herring

Our teacher should not give homework over the weekend because we have a religious hoilday It is a teachers repsonsibility to respect my religion

red herring

stereotyping

result of sweeping generalization

If you don't expose your child to germs, he will never get sick and therefore never build up his immune system to fight illness. He will grow up to be a sickly adult.

slippery slope

false dilemma?

someone makes you feel like you only have 2 options, when it is not the end all be all, appeals to fear

All white people love country music. Since you are white, you must love country music

stereotyping

Parent: You need to clean out your backpack. Child: You know I'm ADD! Why can't you just accept me as I am?

straw-man agrument

I asked 6 of my friends what they thought of the new spending restraints, and they agreed it is a good idea. The new restraints are therefore generally popular

sweeping generalization

I have known several democrats who vacillated in their support of this policy. Democrats don't have an adamant stance concerning this policy

sweeping generalization

red herring?

switches the focus of the original argument onto another topic

appeal to doubtful authority?

treat someone who is a non-expert like they are an expert

My PE teacher is over weight, so I will not follow his advice to exercise regularly

tu quoque