Management 309 Exam 3

Which of the following job elements is listed under the job specification part of the job analysis? a. Abilities needed to perform a job b. Tools needed to perform a job c. Working conditions needed to perform a job d. Equipment needed to perform a job

a. Abilities needed to perform a job

Which of the following is true of force-field analysis? a. It helps in overcoming resistance to change. b. It encourages ethical compliance in an organization. c. It is involved in the prediction of market trends. d. It is used in the process of job designing.

a. It helps in overcoming resistance to change.

Which of the following is true of the job characteristics approach? a. It takes into account the work system and employee preferences. b. It is a method of job specialization. c. It suggests that low growth-need strength leads to higher employee motivation. d. It involves systematically moving employees from one job to another.

a. It takes into account the work system and employee preferences.

_____ is any substantive modification to some part of the organization. a. Organization change b. Organization structuring c. Organization investment d. Organization planning

a. Organization change

_____ is deciding how best to group organizational elements. a. Organizing b. Assimilating c. Marketing d. Authorizing

a. Organizing

_____ is a piecemeal response to circumstances as they develop. a. Reactive change b. External change c. Planned change d. Internal change

a. Reactive change

Which of the following best describes grapevines in organizations? a. Their damage can be minimized by having open channels of communication. b. Their incidence is reduced following mergers and acquisitions. c. They follow the same pattern across all types of organizations. d. They exist only in the smallest of organizations.

a. Their damage can be minimized by having open channels of communication.

Jocelyn has a job as a yoga instructor at a fitness academy. She works at the academy every alternate week, making her a temporary employee of the company. She is a _____. a. contingent worker b. tenured employee c. knowledge worker d. substitute employee

a. contingent worker

A realistic job preview: a. provides an applicant with an accurate picture of what performing a job that a firm is trying to fill would be like. b. offers hired candidates an in-depth training about the new job's tasks and responsibilities. c. lists the occupants of important managerial positions in an organization and how long they will remain in the position. d. contains details of education, skills, experience, and career aspirations of a firm's employees.

a. provides an applicant with an accurate picture of what performing a job that a firm is trying to fill would be like.

Reciprocal interdependence exists when ________ activities flow both ways . activities do not interact activities flow in one direction

activities flow both ways

Which of the following is true of assessment centers? a. They are permanent facilities established in every firm according to the law. b. They conduct drug tests and credit checks. c. They are particularly good for selecting current employees for promotion. d. They reveal inherent biases in the way people perceive and judge others at a first meeting.

c. They are particularly good for selecting current employees for promotion.

A year ago, Connect Inc., a telecom company, launched a cellular phone with a feature of video calling. Being the first of its kind, the product acquired sky-high profits in no time. However, in the past few months, many companies launched similar products with the same feature of video calling. Connect Inc. is now in the _____ phase of organizational innovation. a. innovation decline b. innovation launch c. innovation maturity d. innovation growth

c. innovation maturity

In the case of a knowledge worker, the failure to update skills may result in the: a. loss of synergy in an organization. b. increase in the population of labor unions. c. loss of competitive advantage for an organization. d. decline of highly specialized training opportunities for other workers.

c. loss of competitive advantage for an organization.

Span of management is the number of: a. managers in an organization. b. hierarchical layers in a firm. c. people reporting to a particular manager. d. top managers in an organization.

c. people reporting to a particular manager.

According to the Lewin model, refreezing refers to: a. implementing the changes to be made. b. recognizing the need for change. c. reinforcing a change so that it becomes a part of the system. d. leading individuals to recognize why a change is necessary.

c. reinforcing a change so that it becomes a part of the system.

An example of an internal force that drives an organization toward change is: a. suppliers offering new product lines. b. a change in prices of competitors' products. c. workers' demand for a change in working hours. d. a rise in consumer demand for a company's services.

c. workers' demand for a change in working hours.

Pooled interdependence exists when there are multiple parts that function _________ and then pool their output to reflect total organization or team performance.

independently

Reengineering is the ____ ____ of all aspects of a business to achieve major gains in cost, service, or time.

radical redesign

A major element of organizing is coordination. The primary reason for coordination is that work groups are interdependent. The most complex level of interdependence is called ________ reciprocal interdependence pooled interdependence sequential interdependence

reciprocal interdependence

Is this a line or staff position at a university: advisor

staff

Is this a line or staff position at a university: financial aid officer

staff

Is this a line or staff position at a university: librarian

staff

Which of the following is the second step in the formation of a new local union? a. Signing labor contracts b. Having the union sign up members and elect officers c. Undertaking collective bargaining over the first labor contract d. Collecting employees' signatures on authorization cards

d. Collecting employees' signatures on authorization cards

Which of the following is true of functional departmentalization? a. It groups and arranges activities around products or product groups. b. It groups jobs based on basic managerial functions such as planning and controlling. c. It groups activities on the basis of defined geographic sites or areas. d. It groups together jobs involving the same or similar activities.

d. It groups together jobs involving the same or similar activities.

Which of the following is true of organizing? a. It encompasses planning annual goals of a firm. b. It reduces the overall efficiency of a firm. c. It applies exclusively to the top management of a firm. d. It involves deciding how to group elements in a firm.

d. It involves deciding how to group elements in a firm.

_____ is the process of dealing with employees who are represented by a union. a. Talent acquisition b. Talent management c. Public relations d. Labor relations

d. Labor relations

The _____ was passed in 1947 to limit union power. a. Fair Labor Standards Act b. Civil Rights Act c. National Labor Relations Act d. Labor-Management Relations Act

d. Labor-Management Relations Act also known as Taft Hartley

_____ are changes in the physical characteristics or performance of existing commodities or services or the creation of brand-new commodities or services. a. Procedural innovations b. Process innovations c. Managerial innovations d. Product innovations

d. Product innovations

According to the comprehensive approach to change, which of the following is the first step in the change process? a. Diagnosis of the root cause of change b. Planning for implementation of change c. Selection of an appropriate change technique d. Recognition of the need for change

d. Recognition of the need for change

Unemployment compensation is an example of _____. a. salary b. restitution c. an incentive d. a benefit

d. a benefit

Michelle is the Chief Executive Officer of a company. It is the duty of her company's board of directors to counsel Michelle on various matters of the company. However, it is up to Michelle if she wants to seek their opinion or not. She may choose to pay heed to the opinions of the board of directors or ignore them. In this scenario, the board of directors of the company is an example of a form of staff authority called _____. a. functional authority b. compulsory advice c. administrative advice d. advise authority

d. advise authority

The intent of _____ is to agree on a labor contract between management and the union that is satisfactory to both parties. a. secret ballots b. a grievance procedure c. a disciplinary committee d. collective bargaining

d. collective bargaining

Reek Row, a local café, decreases the prices of its coffees. It does this in an attempt to encourage customers to choose its café over its competitor, a neighboring coffee shop that sells coffee at lower prices. This is an example of organization change due to a(n) _____. a. normative force b. internal force c. planned force d. external force

d. external force

Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964: a. limits union power and requires organizations to bargain collectively with legally formed unions. b. outlaws discrimination against people older than forty years. c. requires employers with government contracts to engage in affirmative action. d. forbids discrimination in all areas of employment relationship.

d. forbids discrimination in all areas of employment relationship.

Colin's Crib, a local pizza shop, sells pizza to customers who visit the store. Recently, it introduces home delivery for its customers. This is an example of a _____. a. product innovation b. technical innovation c. radical innovation d. process innovation

d. process innovation

Contingent workers: a. should always be compared on a direct-cost basis. b. perform better than permanent employees. c. always have equal access to employee benefits and incentives. d. should be called in for well-defined periods of time.

d. should be called in for well-defined periods of time.

In the context of employee compensation, _____ refers to compensation paid for total contributions. a. stipend b. salary c. restitution d. wage

d. wage

You've been reading management books about the value of nimble organizations and consequently, you want to structure your teams to be as decentralized as possible. Which communication network type should you choose to maximize decentralization? A. All channel B. Chain C. Circle D. Wheel

A. All channel

Which form of departmentalization is best if the company seeks to minimize duplication of efforts? A. Function B. Product C. Customer D. Location

A. Function

Imagine you are the division manager. You have several teams which report to you. One of the teams is tasked with new product development which requires a high level of communication and interaction. Which network type should you choose for the communication structure of this team? A. Y B. All channel C. Wheel D. Circle

B. All channel

Which advantage would you cite if you were advising a company to group jobs by function? a. Decisions are typically faster and more effective. b. Administrative costs are higher. C. Coordinating activities inside each department is easier. D. Tailoring services to meet customer needs is easier.

C. Coordinating activities inside each department is easier.

Which advantage would you cite if you were advising a company to group jobs by product? A. Administrative costs are higher. B. Coordinating activities inside each department is easier. C. Decreased requirements for physical space. D. Performance assessments are facilitated.

D. Performance assessments are facilitated.

In what direction does work flow in an organization characterized by sequential interdependence? Work flows in reverse Work flows in multiple directions Work flows in only one direction

Work flows in only one direction

The Fair Labor Standards Act: a. sets up a procedure for employees to vote on whether to have a union. b. requires the payment of overtime rates for work in excess of 40 hours per week. c. requires that men and women be paid the same amount for doing the same job. d. regulates how organizations manage their pension funds.

b. requires the payment of overtime rates for work in excess of 40 hours per week.

You've decided that redesigning the jobs of the genealogists at Ancestry will benefit the most by taking the Job Characteristics Approach. Which step will you take to enhance how valued each employee feels he or she is? A. Increase each employee's autonomy, so that they feel they have more control over how the work is performed. B. Publicize which genealogists were involved in which completed historical projects so that the employees feel they identify with the total job. C. Communicate the importance of the tasks performed to increase task significance. D. Give the genealogists feedback on their performance at the end of each project.

C. Communicate the importance of the tasks performed to increase task significance.

Which form of departmentalization is best if the regions in which the company competes have unique environmental characteristics? A Product B. Function C. Customer D. Location

D. Location

Timeless Ventures, a renowned watch store, decides to sell electronic goods, clothes, and footwear in addition to selling watches. According to the areas of organization change, which of the following processes will Timeless Ventures have to implement to carry out this major transition? a. Business process change b. Enterprise resource change c. Organization development d. Organization divestment

a. Business process change

Which of the following is true of process innovations? a. They are changes in the way products or services are manufactured, created, or distributed. b. They affect the broader context of development and do not directly affect manufacturing. c. They refer to changes in the physical characteristics of existing products or services. d. They are less important than product innovations when innovation enters the phase of growth.

a. They are changes in the way products or services are manufactured, created, or distributed.

Knowledge workers: a. commonly attract high starting salaries and sign-on bonuses. b. have been in lower demand in the past few years. c. do not like to work independently. d. associate more strongly with the organization than with their profession

a. commonly attract high starting salaries and sign-on bonuses.

Unlike a centralized organization, decision-making power and authority in a decentralized organization are: a. delegated as far down the chain of command as possible. b. distributed equally among all managers. c. given to the most senior employees in the organization. d. retained at the higher levels of management.

a. delegated as far down the chain of command as possible.

Silver Streak, a chain of luxury hotels, departmentalizes into hospitality, food and beverage, and housekeeping divisions. This is an example of _____. a. functional departmentalization b. product departmentalization c. customer departmentalization d. location departmentalization

a. functional departmentalization

A _____ is a position in the direct chain of command that is responsible for the achievement of an organization's goals. a. line position b. matrix position c. staff position d. divisional position

a. line position

Diagnostic activities, third-party peacemaking, and process consultation are activities associated with: a. organization development. b. reengineering. c. force-field analysis. d. business process change.

a. organization development.

A change in the distribution of authority is an example of a change in: a. organizational structure and design. b. technology and operations. c. people and attitudes. d. business process and finance.

a. organizational structure and design.

Amy, a human resource (HR) manager of a consultancy firm, assigns the task of narrowing down potential candidates from online job portals to her subordinate. She assigns the responsibility of conducting telephone interviews to another subordinate. Which of the following basic functions of organizational structuring is Amy performing? a. Evaluating results of strategies b. Distributing authority among jobs c. Grouping jobs d. Setting organizational goals

b. Distributing authority among jobs

_____ is the set of organizational activities directed at attracting, developing, and maintaining an effective workforce. a. Organization design b. Human resource management c. Job diversification d. Employee engagement

b. Human resource management

Which of the following is most likely a consequence of adopting flat organizational structures? a. Decreased employee productivity b. Increased managerial responsibility c. Decreased communication and flexibility d. Increased degree of required interaction

b. Increased managerial responsibility

Which of the following is true of performance appraisal? a. It aids in the creation of an appropriate marketing mix. b. It assesses the impact of training programs. c. It increases internal competition among employees. d. It increases the occurrence of recency errors

b. It assesses the impact of training programs.

Which of the following is true of ranking, a common method of employee appraisal? a. It makes the process of assessing people in different work groups effortless. b. It compares employees directly with each other and orders them from best to worst. c. It helps assess large groups of employees easily. d. It provides useful information for feedback because it lists out in detail the quality of one's work.

b. It compares employees directly with each other and orders them from best to worst.

Which of the following is true of organization development? a. It is intended to increase organizational efficiency. b. It uses behavioral science knowledge. c. It uses enterprise resource planning. d. It is limited to the sales department of organizations.

b. It uses behavioral science knowledge.

_____ is the radical redesign of all aspects of a business to achieve major gains in cost, service, or time. a. Innovating b. Reengineering c. Synchronizing d. Integrating

b. Reengineering

Marina, the store manager of a store that sells women's shoes, decides to change the focus of the store to women's handbags. Following the Lewin model, which of the following should be Marina's first step? a. She should decide upon an appropriate strategy to change the focus of the store. b. She should explain to her subordinates the necessity to make the change. c. She should identify the need to change the focus of the store. d. She should reinforce and support the change.

b. She should explain to her subordinates the necessity to make the change.

Which of the following is an external force that drives an organization toward change? a. Workers' attitudes toward the organization b. Technological innovations in the market c. A demand by a firm's employees for higher compensation d. Human resource policies of the organization

b. Technological innovations in the market

Which of the following is an advantage of product departmentalization? a. Organizations are able to use skilled specialists to deal with unique customers. b. The speed and effectiveness of decision making are enhanced. c. Administrative costs decrease as a result of product departmentalization. d. Managers focus on helping their departments instead of others in an organization.

b. The speed and effectiveness of decision making are enhanced.

Which of the following is true of knowledge workers? a. They tend to identify more strongly with their organizations than with their professions. b. Their contributions to an organization are based on what they know. c. They do not require extensive or highly specialized training. d. Their skills do not become obsolete.

b. Their contributions to an organization are based on what they know.

Which of the following is true of unions? a. They misrepresent the interest of employees. b. They limit management's freedom. c. They increase the tax bracket of employees. d. They increase the occurrence of favoritism in an organization.

b. They limit management's freedom.

Which of the following is true of line managers? a. They hold informal or illegitimate positions in an organization. b. They work toward organizational goals. c. They are of two types, functional authority and advice authority. d. They provide expertise, advice, and support.

b. They work toward organizational goals.

Employees at a data analytics firm are paid a certain extra amount of money every month. This amount is dependent on their work output for that month. If their work output is below a certain level of productivity, they do not receive the extra money. This extra amount is an example of ____. a. a benefit b. an incentive c. salary d. individual wage

b. an incentive

Unlike reciprocal interdependence, sequential interdependence: a. exists when activities flow both ways between units. b. exists when activities generally flow one way between units. c. is the most complex form of interdependence. d. is the lowest level of interdependence.

b. exists when activities generally flow one way between units.

Workers at an automobile factory demand higher pay and better benefits. This leads to a subsequent change in pay policies. This is an example of organization change due to a(n) _____. a. normative force b. internal force c. external force d. planned force

b. internal force

The final step in the Lewin model is: a. unfreezing. b. refreezing. c. implementation. d. planning.

b. refreezing.

A _____ contains information on each employee's education, experience, and career aspirations. a. replacement chart b. skills inventory c. job description d. job specification

b. skills inventory

The process of determining the predictive value of information is called _____. a. integration b. validation c. diversification d. assimilation

b. validation

Maya is the project leader of a construction project. She assembles a group of employees to work with her on the project. The group collectively decides how specific jobs will be allocated to each of the members. In this scenario, Maya uses the job design method involving _____. a. the job characteristics approach b. work teams c. job specialization d. job enlargement

b. work teams

_____ is the stage in which an organization takes a developed idea and uses it in the design, manufacturing, or delivery of new products, services, or processes. a. Application growth b. Application launch c. Innovation application d. Innovation maturity

c. Innovation application

Which of the following best describes affirmative action? a. Preventing discrimination of an organization's existing employees on the basis of race, sex, age, nationality, and cultural differences b. Ensuring that employees hired are from a culture similar to that of the existing employees c. Intentionally hiring qualified employees from racial, sexual, and ethnic groups that are underrepresented in a firm d. Requiring that both men and women doing the same job are paid the same salary

c. Intentionally hiring qualified employees from racial, sexual, and ethnic groups that are underrepresented in a firm

Which of the following is true of 360-degree feedback? a. It is based on rating scales associated with behavioral anchors. b. It fails to provide detailed information to an employee. c. It must be handled so as not to breed fear in a workplace. d. It is less effective than a conventional appraisal given by a boss.

c. It must be handled so as not to breed fear in a workplace.

_____ is an attempt to assess the worth of each job relative to other jobs. a. Job validation b. Job attenuation c. Job evaluation d. Job specialization

c. Job evaluation

Workers at a shipyard decide to vote for the creation of a union and engage in collective bargaining with the management. The _____ guarantees these rights to them. a. Fair Labor Standards Act b. Equal Employment Opportunity Act c. National Labor Relations Act d. Labor-Management Relations Act

c. National Labor Relations Act also known as wagner

In the context of coordination among departments in an organization, _____ represents the lowest level of interdependence. a. Sequential interdependence b. Reciprocal interdependence c. Pooled interdependence d. Direct interdependence

c. Pooled interdependence

Which of the following is a U.S. government pension plan to which both employers and employees contribute? a. National Insurance b. Medicare c. Social Security d. Medicaid

c. Social Security

Which of the following is true of arbitrators? a. They are solely paid by the union members of an organization. b. They employ union officials to hear grievances. c. They render decisions that both the union and management must obey. d. They are criminal law experts who discuss contract violations with the aggrieved employees.

c. They render decisions that both the union and management must obey.

Which of the following is true of Behaviorally Anchored Rating Scales (BARS)? a. They do not provide useful standards to evaluate supervisors in an organization. b. They are uniform for all the jobs in an organization. c. They require that management take proper care in constructing the scales. d. They are not expensive.

c. They require that management take proper care in constructing the scales.

Jian is considered to be one of the productive employees in his team. During his performance appraisal, his manager gives him a high rating, not just on work quality but also on his team building and leadership skills even though he did not display strong skills on the latter dimensions. This scenario is an example of a _____. a. opportunity bias b. recency error c. halo error d. distinction bias`

c. halo error

Unlike job enlargement, job enrichment involves: a. decreasing the responsibility an employee has toward a job. b. moving frequently from one job to another. c. increasing the control a worker has over a job. d. allowing an entire group to design a work system.

c. increasing the control a worker has over a job.

Rebecca decides to introduce a new discount strategy to the customers of her restaurant. Before deciding upon the strategy, she holds a meeting with her employees so that they can express their opinions and suggestions. In this scenario, Rebecca attempts to overcome her employees' resistance to change by _____. a. presenting self-interests b. force-field analysis c. the comprehensive approach model d. encouraging participation

d. encouraging participation

Revival Anew, a home furnishing company, decides to upgrade its wood processing machinery. This is an example of a change in the area of _____. a. performance and expectations b. people and attitudes c. organizational structure and design d. technology and operations

d. technology and operations

Is this a line or staff position at a university: dean

line

Is this a line or staff position at a university: professor

line

another name for business process change

reengineering

Is this a line or staff position at a university: receptionist

staff