Management and Organizational Behavior- Ch. 1

What are some of the OB challenges and opportunities?

- globalization - economic factors - workforce diversify - customer service - people skills - innovation and change - sustainability

What are the three level of analysis in OB?

- individuals - teams - organizations

What are the five steps to applying critical thinking in order to change and manage behavior?

1) observe (recognize the behavior) 2) interpret (understand the cause and effects of behavior) 3) analyze (investigate the causes and effects of behavior) 4) evaluate (assess the consequences of changing behavior) 5) explain (justify a change to behavior)

What four main functions do managers typically carry out?

1) planning 2) organizing 3) leading 4) controlling

What are the three different type of skills managers need to be effective?

1) technical skills 2) human skills 3) conceptual skills

What are the three key advantages of understanding the ways people act and interact within organizations

1) you can explain behavior 2) you can predict behavior 3) you can influence behavior

What does the planning manage function mean?

In planning, a manager evaluates an organization's current position and where it wants to be in the future, and sets goals, designs strategies, and identifies actions and resources needed to achieve success.

What does the controlling manager function mean?

It allows managers to monitor employee performance, ensure milestones are being reached, and take corrective or preventative action where necessary.

What does the organizing manager function mean?

It means arranging resources such as people and function to implement the strategy made during the planning stage.

What does the leading manager function mean?

It means motivating and communicating with people (teams and individuals) to achieve goals

tacit knowledge

a feel or instinct for a method or a process but can't easily articulate it; they just know it is right

organizational behavior (OB)

a field of study focused on understanding, explaining, and improving attitudes of individuals and groups in organizations - focuses on figuring out how and why individual employees and groups of employees behave the way that they do within an organizational setting

theory

a set of principles intended to explain behavioral phenomena in organizations

hypothesis

a statement that specifies the relationships between the two variables

high involvement management

a strategy in which managers empower employees to make decisions, provide them with extensive training and opportunities to increase their knowledge base, share important info, and provide incentive compensation

organization

a structured arrangement of people working together to accomplish specific goals

technical skills

an aptitude for performing and applying specialized skills

a key facet of human skills: emotional intelligence (EI)

an awareness of how your actions and emotions affect those around you and the ability to understand and empathize with the feelings of others

examples of intangible resourses

an organization's reputation and culture, its relationship with customers, and the trust between managers and coworkers *human capital is a critical intangible resource

teams (or groups)

exist in all organizations, large or small, and their effective functioning is essential to the success of any organization - are complex because they consist of many different personalities and attitudes

dependent variables

factors affected by independent variables

independent variables

factors that remain unchanged

positive organizational behavior

focuses on the strengths, virtues, vitality, and resilience of individuals and organizations

ethics

moral principles that guide our behaviors

examples of tangible resources

physical assets like equipment, property, and inventory

organizations

provide individuals and groups with the tools and systems to achieve objectives and goals

What two kinds of resources do resources have?

tangible and intangible

human skills

the ability to relate to other people

contingency theory

the approach that describes actions are dependent on the nature of the situation; one size does not fit all *there is no best way of managing people

A key OB research finding that has had a large impact on the use of critical thinking by managers: open systems theory

the assumption that organizations are systems that interact with their environments to obtain resources or inputs and transform them into outputs returned to the environment for consumption - that all organizations are unique and subject to internal and external environmental influences that can affect their efficiency

conceptual skills

the capacity to see the organization as a whole and understand how each part relates to each other and how it fits into its overall env.

human capital inimitability

the degree to which the skills and talents of employees can be emulated by other organizations * the higher the level of inimitability, the more competitive an organization will be

individuals

the foundation of organizations, and the way they work and behave makes or breaks a business

strategic OB approach

the idea that people are the key to productivity, competitive edge, and financial success

evidence-based management

the practice of using research-based facts to make decisions

psychology

the scientific study of the human mind that seeks to measure and explain behavioral characteristics

value chain

the sequence of activities carried out by organizations to create valued goods and services to consumers

human capital rareness

the skills and talents of an organization's people that are unique in the industry

social psychology

the social science that blends concepts from sociology and psychology and focuses on how people influence each other in a social setting

anthropology

the study of people and their activities in relation to societal, environmental, and cultural influences

socioloy

the study of the behavior of groups and how they relate to each other in a social setting

political science

the study of the behavior of individuals and groups within a political environment

human capital

the sum of people's skills, knowledge, experience, and general attitudes

critical thinking

the use of your intelligence, knowledge, and skills to question and carefully explore situations and arrive at thoughtful conclusions based on evidence and reason

human capital value

the way employees work toward the strategic goals of an organization to achieve competitive advantage