Management Exam #2 Practice Questions

Which of the following makes employees more engaged in their​ jobs? A. Access to sufficient resources B. Training to develop enactive mastery C. Coercive measures from an immediate supervisor D. Extrinsic rewards including bonuses and vacation days E. Fair treatment of different categories of workers

A (Access to sufficient resources)

Which of the following typically involves considering evidence and information on a superficial​ level? A. Automatic processing B. Channel richness processing C. Filtering D. Lateral communicating E. Controlled processing

A (Automatic processing)

What is a benefit of selecting written communication as a​ channel? A. Both the sender and receiver can later verify and refer back to the message. B. It can prevent a message from threatening information security. C. It helps in​ fast-paced work environments where a decision is needed quickly. D. The sender can immediately gauge the​ receiver's receptiveness to a message. E. A writer can more accurately convey emotions and engagement in the message.

A (Both the sender and receiver can later verify and refer back to the message)

In the communication​ process, which of these represents a medium through which a message​ travels? A. Channel B. Encoding C. Decoding D. Feedback E. Noise

A (Channel)

______________ refers to the degree to which group members relate to each other and are interested in staying with the group. A. Cohesiveness B. Groupshift C. Conformity D. Groupthink E. Social loafing

A (Cohesiveness)

The key components of effective teams can be organized into three general categories. Which category includes​ personality, role​ allocation, and member​ preferences? A. Composition B. Efficiency C. Process D. Resources E. Context

A (Composition)

Which term describes the pressure on individual members to change their attitudes and behaviors to adapt to a​ group's standard? A. Conformity B. Deviant workplace behavior C. Social loafing D. Storming E. Cohesiveness

A (Conformity)

What is the best way to overcome cultural communication​ barriers? A. Creating a​ "third culture" in which both sides can participate B. Relying on nonverbal cues instead of direct statements C. Acknowledging conflict openly and directly as soon as it occurs D. Evaluating and interpreting what others say in negotiations E. Insisting upon oral agreements instead of written ones

A (Creating a​ "third culture" in which both sides can participate)

Which of these terms is concerned with the fairness of the​ outcomes? A. Distributive justice B. Interpersonal justice C. Procedural justice D. Informational justice E. Intrapersonal justice

A (Distributive justice)

Which of the following is NOT an organizational constraint on decision​ making? A. Emotional intelligence B. Formal regulations C. Historical precedents D. Performance evaluation E. Reward systems

A (Emotional intelligence)

Which group development stage is characterized by a​ group's uncertainty about their​ purpose, structure, and​ leadership? A. Forming stage B. Adjourning stage C. Norming stage D. Storming stage E. Performing stage

A (Forming stage)

Which of the following LEAST likely creates a barrier in​ cross-cultural communication? A. Grapevines B. Semantics C. Word connotations D. Tone differences E. Tolerance in conflict

A (Grapevines)

​______________ involves the ways in which group members are likely to exaggerate their initial positions when debating alternatives and arriving at solutions to various issues. A. Groupshift B. Groupthink C. Social loafing D. Storming E. Conformity

A (Groupshift)

Which of the following is true of the​ grapevine? A. It can persist when there is uncertainty about conditions in the organization. B. Managers should work to eliminate it because it negatively affects motivation. C. It is unimportant to overall communications and has no value to employees. D. It is part of the formal communication network of an organization. E. Information spread this way only affects job applicants to a company.

A (It can persist when there is uncertainty about conditions in the organization)

Which of the following is an advantage of written​ communication? A. It preserves the​ message's original content. B. It conveys the emotional state of those participating. C. It allows the message to be conveyed with the most speed. D. It lets the receiver of a message know the​ sender's engagement level. E. It provides the sender with immediate feedback.

A (It preserves the​ message's original content)

Which job redesign method is also called​ cross-training? A. Job rotation B. Job sharing C. Job enlargement D. Job enrichment E. Flextime

A (Job rotation)

Which term defines a process by which individuals organize and interpret sensory impressions for the purpose of understanding their​ environment? A. Perception B. Cognition C. Affect D. Attitude E. Personality

A (Perception)

Which of the following consists of employees from the same department who meet to debate methods of improving​ quality, efficiency, and the work​ environment? A. Problem-solving teams B. Cross-functional teams C. Multi-team systems D. Self-managed work teams E. Virtual teams

A (Problem-solving teams)

Which of the following balances power in an organization between​ labor, management, and stockholders by letting a small group of employees participate in decision making on behalf of their​ coworkers? A. Representative participation B. Gainsharing C. Participative management D. Job sharing E. Job rotation

A (Representative participation)

Which term describes how others believe one should behave in a particular​ environment? A. Role expectation B. Norm C. Nominal group technique D. Role conflict E. Role perception

A (Role expectation)

Which of these factors is LEAST likely to influence the​ goals-performance relationship? A. ​Self-actualization B. National culture C. Goal commitment D. Task characteristics E. Feedback

A (Self-actualization)

Which of these focuses on the strength of the consistency between employee goals and core values or​ interests? A. Self-concordance B. Self-efficacy C. Spatial visualization D. Expectancy theory E. Self-actualization

A (Self-concordance)

Which contemporary theory of motivation proposes that people prefer to feel they have control over their​ actions? A. Self-determination theory B. ​Self-efficacy theory C. Social learning theory D. Social cognitive theory E. Equity theory

A (Self-determination theory)

In the team effectiveness​ model, which of the following is a team composition factor that impacts team​ effectiveness? A. Size of team B. Climate of trust C. Adequate resources D. Social loafing E. Common purpose

A (Size of team)

__________ may prevent the creation of corporate culture and increase employee feelings of isolation. A. Telecommuting B. job Rotation C. Job sharing D. Flextime E. Feedback

A (Telecommuting)

Which component of the communication process includes writing and​ gesturing? A. The message itself B. The feedback C. Encoding D. The channel E. Noise

A (The message itself)

Which type of​ small-group network relies on key individuals to act as channels for all group​ communication? A. Wheel B. Upward C. All channel D. Chain E. Lateral

A (Wheel)

Filtering refers to​ ________. A. deliberately manipulating a message for a favorable reception B. anxiety about written or oral communication C. the context surrounding the words chosen by employees D. withholding communication because of information overload E. processing messages selectively based on​ one's background

A (deliberately manipulating a message for a favorable reception)

One of the six steps in the rational​ decision-making process is to​ _____________. A. develop the criteria to weigh different alternatives B. use your experience to create hunches C. satisfice, or seek a​ "good enough" solution D. look for​ tried-and-true answers E. engage the emotions during the process

A (develop the criteria to weigh different alternatives)

According to a study of jury​ behavior, ________________ juries are more likely to deliberate​ longer, share more​ information, and make fewer factual errors when discussing evidence. A. diverse B. cohesive C. homogeneous D. high-status E. conforming

A (diverse)

Flexible benefits relate to expectancy theory by showing that compensation should be linked to​ __________. A. employee needs B. profit-sharing C. organizational justice D. variable pay E. employee involvement

A (employee needs)

Groups are more effective in decision making than individuals for all of the following reasons EXCEPT​ ________. A. increased speed B. enhanced accuracy C. increased acceptance of final solutions D. enhanced creativity E. increased participation

A (increased speed)

Perception is​ ____________. A. influenced by the target and the context B. determined solely by the object being examined C. determined by an​ individual's personality, not previous experiences D. usually shared by most employees at a firm E. less important than the objective reality of a situation

A (influenced by the target and the context)

Downward communication refers to​ _________. A. ​instructions, feedback, and goal setting from group leaders B. using bullet points and headlines to create a clear message to a manager C. barriers in the communication process that prevent understanding D. the process of actively listening to employees suggestions E. attempts by employees to go around the organizational hierarchy

A (instructions, feedback, and goal setting from group leaders)

Whereas​ __________ shifts employees to other tasks where they can use the same​ skills, _________ allows employees to experience more freedom with the way they do their work. A. job​ rotation, job enrichment B. job​ combining, job design C. job​ enrichment, flextime D. job​ sharing, telecommuting E. job​ expansion, job enrichment

A (job​ rotation, job enrichment)

Interacting as a group​ decision-making technique is characterized by​ ________. A. pressuring individuals to conform their thinking to that of other members B. encouraging group members to come up with creative solutions C. permitting groups to arrive at a decision with the least amount of conflict D. encouraging independent thinking E. preventing group members from criticizing each​ other's ideas

A (pressuring individuals to conform their thinking to that of other members)

When an individual makes​ consistent, value-maximizing choices within specified​ constraints, he or she is described as​ _________. A. rational B. Machiavellian C. surface acting D. deep acting E. narcissistic

A (rational)

McClelland's theory of needs​ __________. A. requires a​ time-consuming process for managers to implement B. has no validation in research C. states that everyone experiences a need for achievement D. explains why people lack intensity E. applies in both individualistic and collectivist cultures

A (requires a​ time-consuming process for managers to implement)

Groupthink is most likely to​ ________. A. result in some members remaining quiet about objections B. occur in groups with little cohesion C. occur when individuals become more extreme in their beliefs D. occur in a smaller group E. cause group members to question​ other's arguments

A (result in some members remaining quiet about objections)

The​ _______________ stage involves intergroup conflict and establishing a group hierarchy. A. storming B. performing C. forming D. adjourning E. norming

A (storming)

Organizational reward systems are most likely to​ _____________. A. sway managers towards certain choices that promise greater gains B. constrain decision makers through historical precedent C. push managers to prefer a sure bet over a risky outcome D. limit the amount of time a manager has to make a decision E. engage the emotions in making important decisions

A (sway managers towards certain choices that promise greater gains)

Generally, _____________​ include(s) objective measures of team​ productivity, supervisors' ratings of the​ team's performance, and aggregate measures of member satisfaction. A. team effectiveness B. team efficiency C. mental models D. multi-team systems E. organizational demography

A (team effectiveness)

In the norming stage of the​ five-stage group-development​ model, ________. A. the group decides upon a set of principles for member behavior B. group members determine what is appropriate through trial and error C. the performance of the group can worsen D. group members experience conflict over who will control the group E. group members direct their energy towards performing their tasks

A (the group decides upon a set of principles for member behavior)

Self-determination theory is based on the idea that people prefer​ ___________. A. to willingly choose activities B. clear and specific goals C. rewards and bonuses as motivators D. to have basic needs met first E. measurable outcomes for their progress

A (to willingly choose activities)

Social loafing tends to have​ a(n) ___________ bias and is consistent with​ ___________ cultures. A. western, individualist B. eastern, individualist C. western, collectivist D. eastern, collectivist E. middle-eastern, collectivist

A (western, individualist)

Which team member characteristic most likely helps a diverse team take advantage of having many viewpoints due to diversity in age and​ education? A. Ethical communication B. Ability to work through challenging mental puzzles C. Being punctual and focused D. Ability to exert physical strength E. Self-awareness

B (Ability to work through challenging mental puzzles)

What is an appropriate group size for doing something​ productive? A. Twelve or more members B. About seven members C. Three or less members D. About 20 members E. Between 25 and 35 members

B (About seven members)

Which of the following audience members would most likely use controlled processing instead of automatic​ processing? A. Alan, who is disinterested in the topic B. Beth, who is well informed about the topic C. Max, who has a low need for cognition about the topic D. Audrey, who makes emotional decisions about the topic E. Karina, who lacks prior knowledge about the topic

B (Beth, who is well informed about the topic)

Which barrier to communication involves social anxiety about speaking​ face-to-face with other​ people? A. Selective perception B. Communication apprehension C. Emotions D. Information overload E. Filtering

B (Communication apprehension)

Which of these describes the ability to produce novel and useful​ ideas? A. Attitude B. Creativity C. Perception D. Cognition E. Affect

B (Creativity)

According to attribution​ theory, which of the following refers to whether an individual displays different behaviors in different​ situations? A. Narcissism B. Distinctiveness C. Consensus D. Conscientious E. Consistency

B (Distinctiveness)

Which term refers to a perceived separation splitting groups into two or more subgroups based on individual differences like age and work​ experience? A. Nominal group technique B. Faultline C. Norming D. Storming E. Role conflict

B (Faultline)

Which barrier to effective communication involves a sender purposefully manipulating information so the receiver will see it more​ favorably? A. Communication apprehension B. Filtering C. Information overload D. Selective perception E. Emotions

B (Filtering)

All but the smallest organizations make guidelines and policies to program decisions and get employees to act in the anticipated manner. In doing​ so, they limit decision choices that represent which of these organizational constraints on decision​ making? A. System-imposed time constraints B. Formal regulations C. Evaluation criteria D. The​ organization's reward system E. Historical precedents

B (Formal regulations)

Which of the following most likely characterizes people who are persuaded by evidence and​ facts? A. Conscientiousness B. High need for cognition C. Low need for power D. Significant agreeableness E. Self-awareness

B (High need for cognition)

For teams to work​ effectively, which element is critical for members to​ have? A. High internal competitiveness B. High trust C. Low cooperativeness D. Individualistic orientation E. Low interpersonal skills

B (High trust)

Which of the following barriers to effective communication involves straining an​ individual's processing​ capacity? A. Filtering B. Information overload C. Emotions D. Selective perception E. Communication apprehension

B (Information overload)

Which of the following is a true statement about selective​ perception? A. It is based on our perception of a group as a whole. B. It helps us process large amounts of information quickly. C. It usually results in significant distortion of information. D. It allows us to take in and understand everything we see. E. It causes us to draw conclusions based on a single characteristic.

B (It helps us process large amounts of information quickly)

What is a key factor that improves a​ person's job​ engagement? A. Job training B. Job meaningfulness C. Corporate recruiting policies D. Organizational culture E. Diversity management

B (Job meaningfulness)

Which of the following suggests that rules should be fairly and impartially enforced to ensure an equitable distribution of benefits and​ costs? A. Emotional contagion B. Justice view C. Affective events theory D. Rights approach E. Utilitarianism

B (Justice view)

Which term refers to collections of two or more interdependent teams who share similar​ goals? A. Self-managed work teams B. Multi-team systems C. Virtual teams D. ​Problem-solving teams E. Cross-functional teams

B (Multi-team systems)

Which dimension of motivation measures the length of time a person can maintain​ effort? A. Intensity B. Persistence C. Direction D. Expectancy E. Esteem

B (Persistence)

In​ utilitarianism, individuals make decisions based on which of the​ following? A. Protecting the basic rights of others B. Providing the greatest good for the greatest number C. Distributing the fairest spread of rewards and costs D. A free flow of ideas unrestricted by excessive regulation E. Historical precedent and​ system-wide time constraints

B (Providing the greatest good for the greatest number)

Which term describes a collection of expected behavior patterns for someone occupying a certain position in a social​ unit? A. Norm B. Role C. Cohesiveness D. Status E. Faultline

B (Role)

Which of these describes​ Sandra's choice when she chooses the first acceptable alternative she​ encounters, rather than the optimal​ one? A. Fundamental attribution error B. Satisficing C. Halo effect D. Consistency E. Self-serving bias

B (Satisficing)

According to​ Maslow, which of these represents the highest level​ needs? A. Physiological B. Self-actualization C. Esteem D. Social E. Safety

B (Self-actualization)

_____________ is the propensity for individuals to put forth less effort when working in a group than when working alone. A. Groupthink B. Social loafing C. Deviant workplace behavior D. Conforming E. Storming

B (Social loafing)

Which of the following are advantages of oral​ communication? A. Feedback and a tangible record B. Speed and feedback C. Lack of distortion and a tangible record D. Lack of distortion and speed E. Feedback and lack of distortion

B (Speed and feedback)

Which term refers to the diversity in observable characteristics such as national​ origin, race, and​ gender? A. Social loafing B. Surface-level diversity C. Groupthink D. Faultline E. Deep-level diversity

B (Surface-level diversity)

Important decisions that come with explicit deadlines represent which of these organizational constraints on decision​ making? A. Formal regulations B. System-imposed time constraints C. Evaluation criteria D. Organizational reward systems E. Historical precedents

B (System-imposed time constraints)

Combing work​ tasks, or putting different pieces of a job together so that a single employee can see the whole​ picture, addresses which core job​ dimension? A. Autonomy B. Task identity C. Job sharing D. Feedback E. Enrichment

B (Task identity)

What effect does an​ audience's extensive prior knowledge have on a persuasive​ message? A. They are usually less interested in the outcome of a decision. B. They require more thoughtful reasoning and evidence to be persuaded. C. Emotion can more easily influence them about a subject. D. They can be influenced by a superficial argument. E. They look for nonverbal cues that contradict the message.

B (They require more thoughtful reasoning and evidence to be persuaded)

What is the primary advantage of teams in the​ workplace? A. They allow people to make the best decisions. B. They take advantage of individual talents. C. They maximize time and efficiency. D. They are a permanent grouping for the workplace. E. They allow managers to make most of the decisions.

B (They take advantage of individual talents)

Which of these suggests that decisions should be made based on providing the greatest good for the greatest​ number? A. Emotional contagion B. Utilitarianism C. Justice view D. Rights approach E. Affective events theory

B (Utilitarianism)

According to Albert​ Bandura, which method would increase​ self-efficacy? A. Mentoring B. Vicarious modeling C. Punishment D. Procedural justice E. Coercion

B (Vicarious modeling)

Which of the following interacts mainly to exchange information and make decisions in order to assist other members who perform within that​ member's area of​ responsibility? A. Virtual team B. Work group C. Problem-solving team D. Self-managed work team E. Work team

B (Work group)

Which of these refers to a collection of individuals who produce positive synergy through synchronized​ efforts? A. Department B. Work team C. Work group D. Committee E. Task group

B (Work team)

A work group​ ________. A. creates an outcome that is more than the sum of the individual member efforts B. allows member to share information with one another C. has both individual and mutual accountability D. is measured on collective performance of the members E. has positive synergy that contributes to its functioning

B (allows member to share information with one another)

A contextual factor related to team performance is​ _____________. A. team size B. climate of trust C. diversity D. social loafing E. conflict level

B (climate of trust)

Teams are suitable for countries that score high on the value dimension of​ ________. A. uncertainty avoidance B. collectivism C. individualism D. masculinity E. power distance

B (collectivism)

A​ profit-sharing plan​ ____________. A. allocates financial rewards based on group productivity B. distributes cash or stock based on company profitability C. can reduce unethical behavior for top management D. awards bonuses based on individual performance E. allows employees to buy stock in their firm at​ below-market value

B (distributes cash or stock based on company profitability)

Participative management and representative participation have been shown to improve​ ___________. A. worker performance and productivity B. employee perception of procedural justice C. earnings and shareholder value D. job characteristics E. customer service

B (employee perception of procedural justice)

In intuitive decision​ making, we typically​ _________. A. rely upon an objective​ decision-making process B. engage our emotions and previous experience C. contradict decisions made through a more rational process D. arrive at a decision that proves to be less effective than when we use rationality E. examine only parts of the problem

B (engage our emotions and previous experience)

A drawback of brainstorming for group decision making is that it​ ________. A. restricts individuals from communicating during the process B. impedes the creation of ideas C. inhibits group cohesiveness D. creates pressures for group members to conform E. creates groupthink and causes individuals to censor their ideas

B (impedes the creation of ideas)

When gathering information in the​ three-stage creativity​ model, ____________. A. knowledge is translated into ideas B. individuals reach beyond their comfort zone C. new problems are identified D. outcomes are distributed fairly across employees E. colleagues provide fair and constructive judgment

B (individuals reach beyond their comfort zone)

Managers utilize downward communication for all of these purposes EXCEPT to​ ____________. A. explain procedures B. inform​ higher-ups of goal attainment C. assign goals D. identify problems that need attention E. provide job instructions

B (inform​ higher-ups of goal attainment)

An element of motivation that explains how hard a person tries is called​ _________. A. expectancy B. intensity C. esteem D. persistence E. direction

B (intensity)

One problem with​ Maslow's hierarchy of needs is that​ ___________. A. many managers are unfamiliar with it B. it lacks empirical validation C. it lacks a practical application in the workplace D. it​ doesn't explain why people​ don't persist in their goals E. managers feel it​ doesn't make intuitive sense

B (it lacks empirical validation)

Surface-level diversity in teams most likely results in​ _________. A. significant positive effects for members and organizations over time B. members being more​ open-minded C. a decrease in team conflict D. members making more errors of fact E. higher group morale at the beginning of a team engagement

B (members being more​ open-minded)

Which of these describe​ McClelland's need to make others behave in a way they would not have​ otherwise? A. nEst B. nPow C. nAff D. nAch E. nGrow

B (nPow)

Allowing employees to elect others to a work council that participates in company decision making is an example of​ ___________. A. organizational justice B. representative participation C. intrinsic motivation D. job characteristics E. job sharing

B (representative participation)

Cohesiveness is known to​ ________. A. increase among​ large, more diverse groups B. result when groups have spent significant time together C. uniformly increase worker productivity and output D. encourage more social loafing E. be more important than norms in determining group output

B (result when groups have spent significant time together)

Observations of socially acceptable ways to act in given situations are known as​ _____________. A. role conflicts B. role perceptions C. role expectations D. norms E. nominal group techniques

B (role perceptions)

In​ high-context cultures, people rely heavily on​ ___________ in communicating with others. A. memos B. subtle situational cues C. e-mails D. telephone usage E. formal​ face-to-face conversations

B (subtle situational cues)

According to a Gallup​ survey, more than​ two-thirds of workers reported wasting time at work every day usually by​ ___________. A. volunteering for community service B. surfing the Internet and chatting with coworkers C. paying bills and talking on the phone D. serving on committees E. sleeping on the job

B (surfing the Internet and chatting with coworkers)

Sarah is required to complete a report in two days on the status of her​ department's financial position. She will write the report by herself following strict guidelines. Although it is a small piece of a larger companywide​ report, Sarah is excited about the responsibility and completing the report because this is the first solo piece of work she is responsible for. This report for Sarah scores high on​ _________. A. feedback B. task identity C. task significance D. autonomy E. skill variety

B (task identity)

Deviant workplace behavior​ ________. A. is usually discouraged immediately by organizations B. violates organizational norms and can be a threat to the organization C. rarely affects other employees in the workplace D. results from expectations of how hard employees should work E. is involuntary behavior that managers cannot control

B (violates organizational norms and can be a threat to the organization)

The two most common forms of representative participation are​ _________ and​ _________. A. job​ rotation; job enrichment B. works​ councils; board representatives C. customers; stockholders D. employee-centered; task-centered E. surface; deep

B (works​ councils; board representatives)

Which statement best describes a difference between a work group and a work​ team? A. A work group can become a team if a manager begins calling the group a​ "team." B. A work group allows an organization to generate more output without hiring more employees. C. A work team brings together members in a purposeful collaboration that positively influences their work output. D. A work team generates​ ideas, brings together​ resources, and coordinates​ activities, like work​ schedules, but a work group does not. E. A work group allows members to receive both collective and individual rewards for their​ work, but a work team does not.

C (A work team brings together members in a purposeful collaboration that positively influences their work output)

Which of these is an​ individual's personal characteristic that influences what is being​ perceived? A. Location B. Lighting effect C. Attitude D. Heat E. Attractiveness

C (Attitude)

_____________ involves overcoming pressures of conformity by inspiring creative alternatives while limiting criticism. A. Deviant workplace behavior B. A nominal group technique C. Brainstorming D. Social loafing E. Groupthink

C (Brainstorming)

_____________ has a​ low-context culture. A. China B. Japan C. Canada D. Vietnam E. Korea

C (Canada)

Which of the following involves the amount of information transferred per communication​ period? A. Controlled processing B. Filtering quantity C. Channel richness D. Lateral communication mode E. Downward communication processing

C (Channel richness)

Which of these represents a situation of selective​ perception: we search for information that confirms our past​ choices, and we discount information that challenges​ them? A. Risk aversion B. Anchoring bias C. Confirmation bias D. Escalation of commitment E. Availability bias

C (Confirmation bias)

___________ teams include employees from similar hierarchical levels but different departments who join forces to complete tasks. A. Problem-solving teams B. Self-managed work teams C. Cross-functional teams D. Multi-team systems E. Virtual teams

C (Cross-functional teams)

________________ is intentional behavior that violates substantial organizational norms and threatens the welfare of an organization and its members. A. Conformity B. Storming C. Deviant workplace behavior D. Social loafing E. Groupthink

C (Deviant workplace behavior)

A team is required for a task if a manager answers​ "yes" to which of the following​ questions? A. Do individual rewards work best for motivating​ employees? B. Does the work focus on individual​ goals? C. Does the work create a common purpose for​ employees? D. Is the project more costly than most others the organization​ considers? E. Is the work capable of being done by individuals working​ separately?

C (Does the work create a common purpose for​ employees)

Which term describes the participative process that uses​ employees' input to increase their commitment to organizational​ success? A. Emotional dissonance B. Gainsharing C. Employee involvement D. Emotional contagion E. Job enrichment

C (Employee involvement)

Which of these represents the single most important predictor of creative​ potential? A. Attitude B. Affect C. Expertise D. Cognition E. Perception

C (Expertise)

Which of the following is LEAST likely a form of nonverbal​ communication? A. Word emphasis B. Body movement C. Grapevines D. Physical distance E. Facial expressions

C (Grapevines)

Which of the following is a form of oral​ communication? A. Text messaging B. Social media C. Grapevines D. Blogs E. Instant messaging

C (Grapevines)

Which of these represents the final step of creative​ behavior? A. Idea generation B. Emotional labor C. Idea evaluation D. Information gathering E. Problem formulation

C (Idea evaluation)

What is true of nonverbal​ communication? A. It can create distortion when passed through several people. B. It is the longest lasting form of communication. C. It can enhance or detract from the meaning of a communication. D. It preserves a record of the encoded message. E. It is less likely to be believed than an oral message.

C (It can enhance or detract from the meaning of a communication)

Which of these are informally generated to​ side-step the vertical hierarchy and accelerate​ action? A. Encoding processes B. Formal channels C. Lateral communications D. Upward communications E. Downward communications

C (Lateral communications)

Which ethical decision criterion protects​ whistle-blowers in​ organizations? A. justice view B. Affective events theory C. Rights approach D. Emotional contagion E. Utilitarianism

C (Rights approach)

_______________ consist of a set of employees who complete highly related or interdependent jobs and may take on supervisory responsibilities. A. Multi-team systems B. Cross-functional teams C. Self-managed work teams D. Virtual teams E. Problem-solving teams

C (Self-managed work teams)

In the job characteristics​ model, which three core job dimensions combine to create meaningful work for​ employees? A. Feedback, skill​ variety, and task identity B. Autonomy, feedback, and skill variety C. Skill​ variety, task​ identity, and task significance D. Skill​ variety, task​ identity, and autonomy E. Task​ significance, task​ identity, and autonomy

C (Skill​ variety, task​ identity, and task significance)

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of a work​ group? A. Accountability falls upon each individual only. B. Sharing information is a goal. C. Their goal is collective performance. D. Member skills are varied. E. Synergy among the group is neutral

C (Their goal is collective performance)

Which of the following would be used by a​ low-level manager to provide feedback and relay current problems to a top manager at a​ firm? A. Lateral communication B. Informal channel C. Upward communication D. Downward communication E. Grapevine

C (Upward communication)

An overly high level of engagement on the part of an employee most likely leads to​ __________. A. corruption B. peak productivity C. burnout D. improved family relations E. a focused perspective

C (burnout)

In goal setting​ theory, goals should be​ ______________. A. general enough to allow for individual interpretation B. link to a​ person's desire for social interaction C. difficult and​ specific, as long as the individual accepts the challenge D. compatible with their personal interests and core values E. tied to lower order needs such as shelter before higher order ones

C (difficult and​ specific, as long as the individual accepts the challenge)

Our perceptions are influenced strongly by​ ______________. A. problems B. decisions C. expectations D. objectives E. attributions

C (expectations)

According to​ studies, the relationship between cohesiveness and productivity depends on​ ____________. A. role conflict B. groupthink C. group​ performance-related norms D. member status E. the extent of social loafing

C (group​ performance-related norms)

In terms of group​ effectiveness, brainstorming is characterized by a​ _______. A. high potential for interpersonal conflict B. very low level of idea generation C. high degree of task orientation D. high degree of social pressure E. very low degree of group cohesiveness

C (high degree of task orientation)

Based on equity​ theory, employees who perceive inequity will make any of these choices EXCEPT​ ________. A. choosing a different referent B. changing inputs C. maintaining perceptions of self D. leaving the field E. changing outcomes

C (maintaining perceptions of self)

Whereas​ _________ is based on performance appraisals and average​ performance, __________ serves as a reward for recently achieved performance. A. merit-based pay, gainsharing B. profit-sharing, gainsharing C. merit-based pay, bonus pay D. bonus​ pay, skill-based pay E. skill-based pay, an incentive

C (merit-based pay, bonus pay)

A​ _____________ limits discussion or interpersonal communication throughout the​ decision-making process. A. faultline B. role C. nominal group technique D. norm E. status

C (nominal group technique)

​Low-status members of a group generally​ ________. A. disregard the team norms B. have highly valued personal attributes C. participate less in group discussions D. control group resources E. criticize others in the group often

C (participate less in group discussions)

A channel is said to be rich when it​ ________. A. allows for impersonal distribution to many people at once B. conveys straightforward information with little need for feedback C. permits the sender to receive multiple cues of what the sender thinks D. nonverbally contradicts what a sender says in a message E. saves time in conveying a simple message

C (permits the sender to receive multiple cues of what the sender thinks)

JoAnna works at a​ children's clothing factory where her job is to sew an ornament on each piece of clothing. She does not get a base salary but receives payment for the number of items she sews. This is an example of​ _______. A. a bonus pay plan B. skill-based pay C. piece-rate pay D. a​ profit-sharing plan E. merit-based pay

C (piece-rate pay)

Options for managers trying to turn individuals into team players include​ selecting, training, and​ ______________. A. engaging B. isolating C. rewarding D. planning E. communicating

C (rewarding)

In the job characteristics​ model, ___________ describes how much a job affects others. A. skill variety B. skill identity C. task significance D. autonomy E. feedback

C (task significance)

Formal groups generally​ ________. A. proceed clearly from one stage to another B. work on simple tasks C. work toward organizational goals D. meet a need for socialization E. have finite deadlines

C (work toward organizational goals)

Flextime, or​ __________, reduces absenteeism and has been shown to improve productivity. A. rotating employees through different roles in an organization B. allowing more freedom for employees to dictate their work C. working a specific amount of hours that may vary D. sharing a job between two workers E. working from home two days a week

C (working a specific amount of hours that may vary)

Which of the following is the result of a choice from among two or more​ alternatives? A. Distinctiveness B. A problem C. Consensus D. A decision E. Consistency

D (A decision)

Which term refers to a discrepancy between the current state of affairs and some desired​ state? A. Consensus B. A decision C. Distinctiveness D. A problem E. Consistency

D (A problem)

Which theory tries to explain the ways we judge people​ differently, depending on the meaning we assign to a​ behavior? A. Machiavellian theory B. Personality-job fit theory C. Emotional dissonance theory D. Attribution theory E. Affective events theory

D (Attribution theory)

Which type of small group network rigidly follows a formal chain of​ command? A. Wheel B. Upward C. All channel D. Chain E. Lateral

D (Chain)

______________ is a thorough consideration of evidence and information that relies on​ facts, figures, and logic. A. Lateral communicating B. Automatic processing C. Filtering D. Controlled processing E. Channel richness processing

D (Controlled processing)

What is the first step in the rational​ decision-making model? A. Selecting the best alternative B. Develop the alternatives C. Identify the decision criteria D. Defining the problem E. Evaluating the alternatives

D (Defining the problem)

Which of these represent the three factors of attribution​ theory? A. Agreeable, conscientious, and emotional stability B. Intra, internal, and external C. Machiavellianism, narcissism, and psychopathy D. Distinctiveness, consensus, and consistency E. Intuitive, sensing, and judging

D (Distinctiveness, consensus, and consistency)

Which group property refers to the degree to which members of a group are similar or dissimilar from one​ another? A. Status B. Norms C. Roles D. Diversity E. Cohesiveness

D (Diversity)

Which of the following is used to assign​ goals, deliver job​ instructions, and explain policies and​ procedures? A. Informal channel B. Grapevine C. Lateral communication D. Downward communication E. Upward communication

D (Downward communication)

Sam is putting together his thoughts into a speech he will deliver to his employees. Sam is engaged in which of aspect of the communication​ process? A. Eliminating noise B. Decoding C. Providing feedback D. Encoding E. Forming lateral communication

D (Encoding)

Which of the following refers to the tendency to stick with a​ decision, even after we have evidence it is​ wrong? A. Bounded rationality B. Overconfidence bias C. Attribution error D. Escalation of commitment E. Tendency error

D (Escalation of commitment)

In enriching​ jobs, which of the following would most likely enhance the autonomy​ dimension? A. Establishing a​ command-and-control structure B. Opening feedback channels C. Combining tasks D. Expanding jobs vertically E. Forming natural work units

D (Expanding jobs vertically)

Which of the following communication channels has the highest channel​ richness? A. E-mails B. Memos C. Bulletins D. Face-to-face conversations E. Voice mail messages

D (Face-to-face conversations)

​___________ are established by firms to transmit messages about the professional activities of employees. A. Informal channels B. Lateral communications C. Decoding processes D. Formal channels E. Encoding processes

D (Formal channels)

What is communication​ apprehension? A. The tendency for workers to project their expectations on communications B. Individuals selecting or ignoring information when there is too much of it C. Managers failing to communicate about an organizational problem D. Individuals finding it difficult to communicate due to tension and anxiety E. An employee telling a manager what the manager wants to hear

D (Individuals finding it difficult to communicate due to tension and anxiety)

_____________ occurs outside cognizant​ thought; relies on universal​ associations, or links between disparate pieces of​ information; is​ quick; and is emotionally charged. A. Affect intensity B. Emotional dissonance C. Surface acting D. Intuitive decision making E. Deep acting

D (Intuitive decision making)

What is one drawback of automatic processing of a persuasive​ message? A. It can contradict the meaning of the message intended by the sender. B. It requires a great deal of effort and energy. C. It requires an audience be well informed for it to persuade. D. It means a receiver can be more influenced by an emotional appeal. E. It can prevent the sender from receiving quick feedback.

D (It means a receiver can be more influenced by an emotional appeal)

Which of these refers to the investment of your​ physical, cognitive, and emotional energies into your job​ performance? A. nAff B. Hygiene factor C. Social responsibility D. Job engagement E. nPow

D (Job engagement)

Which of the following is a true statement about job​ enrichment? A. Job enrichment periodically shifts employees from one task to another with similar skill requirements at the same organizational level. B. Job enrichment is ineffective when accompanied by performance feedback. C. Job enrichment reduces job satisfaction and increases training costs. D. Job enrichment reduces absenteeism and turnover costs. E. Job enrichment focuses on the specialization of tasks.

D (Job enrichment reduces absenteeism and turnover costs)

What is a major drawback of managing​ telecommuters? A. Poor partner compatibility B. Increased​ office-space expenses C. Higher turnover D. Less direct employee supervision E. Lower productivity

D (Less direct employee supervision)

Which of these is a situational context factor that influences the perception​ process? A. Personality B. Past experience C. Attitude D. Location E. Attractiveness

D (Location)

How should organizations reward employees for team​ performance? A. Managers should ensure that rewards focus only on individual contributions. B. Managers should only use financial bonuses to reward the team. C. Managers should establish a highly competitive reward system. D. Managers should emphasize intrinsic rewards in addition to team bonuses. E. Managers should wait to establish team rewards later on in the process.

D (Managers should emphasize intrinsic rewards in addition to team bonuses)

Which of the following refers to the processes that account for an​ employee's intensity,​ direction, and persistence of effort toward accomplishing a​ goal? A. The Pygmalion effect B. Distributive justice C. Self-efficacy D. Motivation E. Expectancy theory

D (Motivation)

Which term refers to a standard of behavior shared by group members that expresses what they should or should not to do in certain​ situations? A. Conformity B. Faultline C. Status D. Norm E. Role

D (Norm)

Which of these influences decision makers by suggesting which choices have better personal​ payoffs? A. Formal regulations B. Historical precedents C. System-imposed time constraints D. Organizational reward systems E. Evaluation criteria

D (Organizational reward systems)

Which of the following refers to subordinates and immediate supervisors sharing some​ decision-making authority? A. Representative participation B. Job sharing C. Job rotation D. Participative management E. Gainsharing

D (Participative management)

Which of these is NOT a technique for increasing group​ cohesiveness? A. Increasing the time members spend together B. Giving rewards to the group rather than to individual members C. Making the group larger to bring diversity D. Physically isolating the group E. Increasing the​ group's status and the perceived difficulty of attaining membership

D (Physically isolating the group)

Which of these is also called​ competency-based pay? A. Piece-rate pay B. Merit-based pay C. Profit-sharing D. Skill-based pay E. Bonus pay

D (Skill-based pay)

Which of the following most likely triggers​ discussions, promotes critical evaluations of problems and​ options, and results in better team​ decisions? A. Relationship conflict B. Mental modeling C. Reflexivity D. Task conflict E. Social loafing

D (Task conflict)

Which term refers to the degree that a job affects other​ people's lives or​ work? A. Autonomy B. Feedback C. Skill variety D. Task significance E. Task identity

D (Task significance)

Jason, a​ shop-level manager at Garden Tool​ Manufacturing, believes that his employees inherently dislike work and must be directed and at times coerced into getting the work done. According to​ McGregor, Jason can be described as​ a(n) _________ manager. A. nAch B. Theory Y C. Theory Z D. Theory X E. nAff

D (Theory X)

What is true of large​ teams? A. They tend to decrease social loafing. B. They cause behavior that violates significant organizational norms. C. They are more productive than smaller groups. D. They are better for gaining diverse input. E. They increase conformity for members.

D (They are better for gaining diverse input)

Which of the following is a characteristic of work teams but not work​ groups? A. They have a set of expected behaviors for members. B. They pool resources. C. They coordinate logistics. D. They are symbiotic in member interaction. E. They generate ideas.

D (They are symbiotic in member interaction)

Which type of individual reveals an​ organization's unethical practices to the media or government​ agencies? A. Machiavellian B. Psychopath C. Narcissist D. Whistle-blower E. Rational

D (Whistle-blower)

A(n) _________ network is a type of​ small-group network that permits employees in a team to actively communicate with each other without anyone taking a leadership role. A. upward communication B. chain C. wheel D. ​all-channel E. lateral communication

D (all-channel)

Employee recognition programs​ ___________. A. have been disproven by research to motivate employees B. motivate employees less in the long run than financial incentives C. allow employees to decide what compensation meets their individual needs D. can be a formal program or a spontaneous thank you from a boss E. represent extrinsic​ rewards, which motivate employees

D (can be a formal program or a spontaneous thank you from a boss)

Noise in communication primarily refers to​ ________. A. the sound of the sender speaking a message B. channels that follow formal authority chain C. channels determined by an​ individual's choice D. distortions of message​ clarity, such as perceptual bias E. the actual message that the sender encodes

D (distortions of message​ clarity, such as perceptual bias)

Faultlines primarily refer to​ ________. A. disagreements in relation to group goals B. behaviors that result in workplace hostility C. differences in status due to resource access D. divisions that create subgroups in a diverse team E. pressures to act in accordance with group norms

D (divisions that create subgroups in a diverse team)

Jim works at a Warehouse​ Shopper's Club as a​ full-time stock clerk and cashier. The​ club's operating hours are from​ 8:00 a.m. to 9 p.m. Employees are free to set and vary their work schedules as long as they work at some point during the​ club's peak hours between 3 p.m. and 6 p.m. Jim usually works from 11 a.m. until 7 p.m.​ Jim's schedule at WSC is an example of​ ___________. A. job enrichment B. job sharing C. job rotation D. flextime E. telecommuting

D (flextime)

In​ today's business​ world, written communication is generally conducted via all of the following EXCEPT​ __________. A. text messaging B. letters C. instant messaging D. formal​ one-on-one discussions E. social media

D (formal​ one-on-one discussions)

Group decision making is most likely to​ ________. A. take less time than individual decision making B. result in less acceptance of a decision C. clarify accountability and responsibility for a decision D. generate more complete information about a problem E. be more efficient than individual decision making

D (generate more complete information about a problem)

The job characteristics model claims that​ ___________ rewards contribute to higher job​ satisfaction, motivation, and organizational benefits. A. outcome-based B. external C. significant D. intrinsic E. feedback-based

D (intrinsic)

Organizations with highly engaged employees are LEAST likely to have​ ________. A. higher citizenship behavior B. higher levels of productivity C. fewer safety incidents D. lower task performance E. lower employee turnover

D (lower task performance)

A drawback of employee recognition programs is that they​ ________. A. pay employees based on their skills B. are based on company financial performance C. can be very costly D. may allow for political manipulation E. don't motivate employees in the long run

D (may allow for political manipulation)

If Jeb works hard towards a desired organizational​ goal, but gives up​ easily, it can be said that he lacks​ _____________. A. acceptance B. intensity C. direction D. persistence E. engagement

D (persistence)

Showing favoritism is an example of the​ ___________ category of deviant workplace behavior. A. personal aggression B. property C. production D. political E. status

D (political)

Conformity illustrates​ ________. A. that violating workplace norms triggers hostility B. individuals using groups to define themselves C. acceptable standards of behavior D. pressure to act as others do E. social defined rankings

D (pressure to act as others do)

At ABC​ International, Susan, a finance​ manager, strives to fulfill duties and obligations and avoid conditions that pull her away from desired goals. Susan can be described as a manager with​ a(n) ___________ focus. A. nAff B. promotion C. nPow D. prevention E. social

D (prevention)

We generally need to make decisions when we perceive there is​ a(n) _________. A. stereotype B. bias C. perception D. problem E. alternative

D (problem)

In lateral​ communication, employees can most likely​ ________. A. explain policies and procedures to their team B. overcome perceptual biases to communicate a message C. solicit advice from other workers below them D. save time by coordinating with their work group E. provide feedback to​ higher-ups in the company

D (save time by coordinating with their work group)

Research indicates that an individual with a strong work ethic is LESS likely to engage in​ ______________. A. nominal group techniques B. groupthink C. groupshift D. social loafing E. role conflict

D (social loafing)

Group status is primarily determined by​ ________. A. our view of how we should act in a particular situation B. a conflict over who will exert control over the group C. pressure to behave a certain way D. the skills an individual contributes to the overall group goal E. social loafing on the team

D (the skills an individual contributes to the overall group goal)

A key disadvantage of​ self-managed teams is that​ ________. A. building trust in them is challenging B. there is less social interaction among members C. their members sometimes lack complete information D. they can be ineffective when there is conflict E. early stages of team development take a long time

D (they can be ineffective when there is conflict)

Job engagement refers to​ _____________. A. the expectation that effort leads to performance and desired rewards B. the​ intensity, direction, and persistence of an employee towards a goal C. the theory that extrinsic​ rewards, such as​ bonuses, reduce motivation D. the​ physical, intellectual, and emotional energy an employee invests at work E. the idea that employees receive equal treatment and are respected

D (the​ physical, intellectual, and emotional energy an employee invests at work)

Jason graduated six months ago. He has been regularly applying for jobs since before he graduated. Which of these best describes​ Jason's situation of not having a​ job? A. An opportunity B. A decision C. A consensus D. Potential E. A problem

E (A problem)

Which term refers to fixating on initial information and not adequately adjusting for subsequent​ information? A. Confirmation bias B. Risk aversion C. Escalation of commitment D. Availability bias E. Anchoring bias

E (Anchoring bias)

Which of these is a characteristic of the target being perceived that influences the perception​ process? A. Lighting effect B. Heat C. Location D. Attitude E. Attractiveness

E (Attractiveness)

Which term describes our tendency to base judgments on information that is readily​ available? A. Anchoring bias B. Risk aversion C. Confirmation bias D. Escalation of commitment E. Availability bias

E (Availability bias)

According to expectancy​ theory, if an​ employee's efforts fail to result in a good performance​ review, what will​ happen? A. Managers will use more coercive methods of leadership. B. Citizenship behaviors will diminish in the organization. C. Workers will exert more emotional energy in the workplace. D. Employees' confidence in their ability to succeed will suffer. E. Employees may perceive that favoritism is used in determining rewards.

E (Employees may perceive that favoritism is used in determining rewards)

Which term describes the competitiveness of a​ firm's pay in comparison to pay in its​ industry? A. Surface competitiveness B. Positive affect C. Internal equity D. Pay dissonance E. External equity

E (External equity)

Which of the following is LEAST likely a barrier to effective​ communication? A. Selective perception B. Filtering C. Information overload D. Emotions E. Feedback

E (Feedback)

Which term describes the tendency to underestimate the influence of external factors and overestimate the influence of internal or personal factors when making judgments about the behavior of​ others? A. Selective perception B. Stereotyping C. Self-serving bias D. Halo effect E. Fundamental attribution error

E (Fundamental attribution error)

Which of the following is typically responsible for relaying gossip and rumors in an​ organization? A. Wheel B. Downward communication C. Upward communication D. Chain E. Grapevine

E (Grapevine)

Which of the following occurs when a​ group's decision making reflects the dominant norms which develop during​ discussions? A. Groupshift B. Social loafing C. Deviant workplace behavior D. Conformity E. Group polarization

E (Group polarization)

​____________ involves conditions in which group pressures for conformity discourage the group from critically evaluating​ unusual, minority, or unpopular views. A. Deviant workplace behavior B. Groupshift C. Conformity D. Social loafing E. Groupthink

E (Groupthink)

Which of the following is true of fundamental attribution​ error? A. The theory displays our internal biases against making snap judgments. B. It always results in​ self-serving bias. C. The theory explains why people make errors on the job. D. It can easily be applied in Eastern and Western cultures. E. It can cause people to underestimate the influence of external factors on others.

E (It can cause people to underestimate the influence of external factors on others)

How is creativity useful to decision​ makers? A. It aids in finding a decision that is the best for most​ people, most of the time. B. It allows for a careful weighing of each alternative. C. It reveals unethical practices and inequalities in the system. D. It prevents time constraints from restricting the idea generation process. E. It permits the generation of ideas that are novel and useful.

E (It permits the generation of ideas that are novel and useful)

Which job redesign method expands a job by increasing an​ employee's control over​ planning, performing, and assessing the​ work? A. Job enlargement B. Job rotation C. Flextime D. Job sharing E. Job enrichment

E (Job enrichment)

Which statement is most likely true about​ cross-functional team? A. Members evaluate each​ other's performance. B. Employees focus on improving quality and efficiency in the workplace. C. Conflict can be difficult to manage because people stop cooperating. D. Employees collaborate primarily through computer technology. E. Members usually come from the same level in the​ organization's hierarchy.

E (Members usually come from the same level in the​ organization's hierarchy)

Which of the following is a​ variable-pay program that is based primarily on individual performance appraisal​ ratings? A. Knowledge-based pay B. Gainsharing C. ​Piece-rate pay D. Skill-based pay E. Merit-based pay

E (Merit-based pay)

Which stage of group development involves group solidarity and an established set of member​ expectations? A. Forming stage B. Adjourning stage C. Storming stage D. Performing stage E. Norming stage

E (Norming stage)

Which of​ these, according to​ Herzberg, is a hygiene​ factor? A. Achievement B. Responsibility C. Advancement D. Recognition E. Physical working conditions

E (Physical working conditions)

Which of these represents the first step of creative​ behavior? A. Idea generation B. Information gathering C. Emotional labor D. Idea evaluation E. Problem formulation

E (Problem formulation)

Rachel's new team members want to meet on Saturday for a​ team-building activity. As a mother of young​ children, Rachel would prefer to spend time with her family on the weekend. What is Rachel​ experiencing? A. Role behavior B. Team norming C. Team storming D. Role perception E. Role conflict

E (Role conflict)

______________ occur when compliance with one role constraint makes it problematic to comply with another. A. Role perceptions B. Role expectations C. Norms D. Nominal group techniques E. Role conflicts

E (Role conflicts)

Which term refers to the way others believe a person in a certain position should​ behave? A. Role conflict B. Role behavior C. Role modeling D. Role perception E. Role expectations

E (Role expectations)

Which theory refers to an​ individual's belief that he or she is capable of performing a​ task? A. Self-actualization B. Self-determination C. Equity D. Expectancy E. Self-efficacy

E (Self-efficacy)

Which term describes the degree to which work requires diverse activities using specialized​ skills? A. Feedback B. Autonomy C. Task identity D. Task significance E. Skill variety

E (Skill variety)

Which of the following is a way to encourage group​ cohesiveness? A. Decreasing the​ group's status and perceived difficulty of attaining membership B. Making groups larger C. Decreasing the time group members spend together D. Avoiding physically isolating the group E. Stimulating competition with other groups

E (Stimulating competition with other groups)

What is one way a manager can create a cohesive​ team? A. Decrease group status B. Focus on individual rewards C. Integrate the group with other work units D. Increase the group size E. Stress the importance of group goals

E (Stress the importance of group goals)

How should organizations train individuals to be team​ players? A. Placing top talent on a team as they will all perform no matter what B. Rewarding individuals only for team contributions C. Focusing on employees with the top technical skills D. Focusing on​ self-managing individuals for the team E. Teaching the​ five-stage group development model

E (Teaching the​ five-stage group development model)

What is one reason behind the popularity of teams in​ organizations? A. Teams reinforce the traditional hierarchy of the organization. B. Teams work quicker than​ individuals, especially in solving simple problems. C. Teams are a cost saving measure for organizations. D. Teams are almost always the most effective way to get tasks completed. E. Teams help more employees participate in organizational decisions.

E (Teams help more employees participate in organizational decisions)

What is the most likely reason that an organization would use a​ team? A. The project is straightforward and relies upon an expert opinion. B. A task requires little coordination to complete. C. Managers are concerned about spending a lot of time and meetings on a task. D. The project requires different employees with different goals. E. The task at hand is complex and requires diverse perspectives.

E (The task at hand is complex and requires diverse perspectives)

What is the most reliable tool for​ long, complex communications and the most efficient tool for short​ messages? A. Grapevines B. Nonverbal communication C. Informal rumor mills D. Oral communication E. Written communication

E (Written communication)

Flexible benefits​ ___________. A. distribute compensation based on group productivity B. allow two employees to share one​ full-time job C. permit employees to set their work hours D. issue a standard package of compensation to every employee E. accommodate differences such as​ age, marital​ status, and dependents

E (accommodate differences such as​ age, marital​ status, and dependents)

The​ ______________ stage involves wrapping up activities and preparing​ teams, task​ forces, and committees for separation. A. performing B. norming C. storming D. forming E. adjourning

E (adjourning)

In​ high-context cultures,​ ________. A. individuals rely upon written words to convey their messages B. employees are unlikely to acknowledge conflict C. managers must be precise when giving feedback D. agreements must be in writing between parties E. an​ individual's status and reputation are essential to understanding

E (an​ individual's status and reputation are essential to understanding)

Whistle-blowers ____________. A. are viewed as making decisions based on productivity B. base their actions on a process of problem definition and alternative generation C. believe in justice as the essential criteria for decision making D. encourage a sense of entitlement among union members E. are protected by free speech when they reveal unethical practices

E (are protected by free speech when they reveal unethical practices)

Amanda has to make a choice between either taking summer classes or getting a summer job. Amanda is faced with​ a(n) ________. A. consensus B. uncertainty C. problem D. opportunity E. decision

E (decision)

Performance evaluations can influence​ managers' decisions by​ _____________. A. providing a​ six-step process B. limiting the number of available choices C. setting a precedent for their choice D. restricting the amount of time to collect information E. determining the criteria that matter most

E (determining the criteria that matter most)

The communication process includes​ ________. A. following a rigid chain of command B. a​ receiver's encoding of a message C. writing down all communications that take place D. conveying messages that​ aren't received E. encoding a message to go through a channel

E (encoding a message to go through a channel)

When we stay with a decision even if there is clear evidence​ it's wrong, it refers to​ ___________. A. availability bias B. risk aversion C. confirmation bias D. anchoring bias E. escalation of commitment

E (escalation of commitment)

Social loafing is best prevented by​ ________. A. increasing the size of the team B. allowing higher status members to deviate from norms C. using collective rewards for group results D. preventing groups from engaging in competition E. giving group rewards based on individual effort

E (giving group rewards based on individual effort)

When discussing​ motivation, intensity refers to​ _____________. A. how engaged individuals are with their work B. the sum total of an​ individual's efforts C. how long a person will work towards a goal D. the quality of effort an individual puts forth E. how hard a person works towards an organizational goal

E (how hard a person works towards an organizational goal)

An​ all-channel communication network most likely​ ________. A. follows the chain of command in a hierarchical organization B. requires a central figure to coordinate group communication C. creates a sense of closeness among employees D. allows employees to informally communicate gossip E. is used in teams where there is no central leader

E (is used in teams where there is no central leader)

Lacey and Susan split a​ full-time customer service representative job so that each woman can meet family obligations. Lacey works Monday and​ Tuesday, and Susan works Thursday and Friday. The women split​ Wednesday, with Lacey working in the morning and Susan working in the afternoon. This is an example of​ __________. A. telecommuting B. job rotation C. flextime D. job enrichment E. job sharing

E (job sharing)

An example of low channel richness includes​ ____________. A. video conferences B. live speeches C. telephone conversations D. ​face-to-face conversations E. letters

E (letters)

When evaluating group​ effectiveness, it was discovered that brainstorming groups had a​ ________ potential for interpersonal conflict whereas interacting groups had a​ ________ potential. A. low, nonexistent B. high, moderate C. high, low D. ​moderate, low E. low, high

E (low, high)

Creating team processes is essential to team effectiveness because​ ________. A. processes reduce the costs of teams to the organization overall B. individual preferences can be matched with role requirements on the team C. members are more likely to take risks and expose vulnerabilities D. their​ self-management means less work for team leaders E. processes establish clear goals and reduce the amount of social loafing on a team

E (processes establish clear goals and reduce the amount of social loafing on a team)

When communicating with people from a different​ culture, Casmir suggests doing all of the following to reduce misinterpretations EXCEPT​ ________. A. knowing yourself B. learning the cultural context of each person C. considering the other​ person's viewpoint D. maintaining the identity of the group E. providing your personal interpretations

E (providing your personal interpretations)

We can use anchoring bias in our favor by​ _____________. A. sticking with a decision even when we know it might be wrong B. using familiar criteria to limit information when making a decision C. basing decisions on previous experience and intuition D. overestimating our own ability in the workplace E. putting forth initial information that frames our position positively

E (putting forth initial information that frames our position positively)

Better decisions can be made by​ ____________. A. weighing every possible alternative to a solution before acting B. reacting only to problems that everyone agrees upon C. selecting information from only one source D. seeking to validate an idea already held by many in the organization E. recognizing potential perceptual biases during the decision process

E (recognizing potential perceptual biases during the decision process)

Training programs that help employees learn and practice new skills help build​ ______________. A. achievable goals B. organizational justice C. effort and performance D. self concordance E. self-efficacy

E (self-efficacy)

John, an accounting assistant at ABC​ International, works at home three days a week via a computer linked to​ ABC's office. This is an example of​ _______. A. job sharing B. job enrichment C. flextime D. job rotation E. telecommuting

E (telecommuting)