Management Information Systems Ch 3

Database Management System (DBMS)

helps you specify the logical organization for a database and access and use the information within a database; contains 5 important software components: 1. DBMS engine 2. data definition subsystem 3. data manipulation subsystem 4. application generation subsystem 5. data administration subsystem

Backup

simply a copy of the information stored on a computer

Database

a collection of information that you organize and access according to the logical structure of that information

Structured Query Language (SQL)

standardized 4th generation query language found in most DBMSs

Relational Database

uses a series of logically related two-dimensional tables or files to store information in the form of a database

Primary Key

a field (or group of fields) that uniquely describes each record

DBMS Engine

accepts logical requests from the various other DBMS subsystems, converts them into their physical equivalent, and actually accesses the database and data dictionary as they exist on a storage device

Change Management Facilities

allow you to assess the impact of proposed structural changes to a database

Security Management Facilities

allow you to control who has access to what information and what type of access those people have *CRUD - Create, Read, Update, and Delete

View

allows you to see the contents of a database file, make whatever changes you want, perform simple sorting, and query to find the location of specific information

Competitive Intelligence (CI)

business intelligence focused on the external competitive environment

Business Intelligence (BI)

collective, information about your customers, your competitors, your business partners, your competitive environment, and your own internal operations - that gives you the ability to make effective, important, and often strategic business decisions

Application Generation Subsystem

contains facilities to help you develop transaction-incentive applications

Data Dictionary

contains the logical structure for the information in a database

Reorganization Facilities

continually maintain statistics concerning how the DBMS engine physically accesses information and reorganizes how information is physically stored

Operational Database

databases that support OLTP

Physical View

deals with how information is physically arranged, stored, and accessed on some type of storage device

Digital Dashboard

displays key information gathered from several sources on a computer screen in a format tailored to the needs and want of an individual knowledge worker

Concurrency Control Facilities

ensure the validity of database updates when multiple users attempt to access and change the same information

Logical View

focuses on how you as a knowledge worker need to arrange and access information to meet your particular business needs

Query-by-Example (DBE) Tools

help you graphically design the answer to a question

Report Generators

help you quickly define formats of reports and what information you want to see in a report

Data Manipulation Subsystem

helps you add, change, and delete information in a database and query it for valuable information

Data Definition Subsystem

helps you create and maintain the data dictionary and define the structure of the files in a database

Data Administration Subsystem

helps you manage the overall database environment by providing facilities fro backup and recovery, security management, query optimization, concurrency control, and change management

Data Warehouse

logical collection of information---gathered from many different operational databases---used to create business intelligence that supports business analysis activities and decision-making tasks

Relation

often describes each two-dimensional table or file in the relational model

Query Optimization Facilities

often take queries from users (in the form of SQL statements and QBEs) and restructure them to minimize response times

Foreign Key

primary key o one file that appears in another file

Backup and Recovery Facilities

provide a way for you to 1. periodically back up information 2. restart or recover a database and its information in case of a failure

Integrity Constraints

rules that help ensure the quality of the information

Query-and-Reporting Tools

similar to QBE tools, SQL, and report generators in the typical database environment; use these tools to generate simple queries and reports

Multidimensional Analysis (MDA) Tools

slice-and-dice techniques that allow you to view multidimensional information from different perspectives

Data Mart

subset of a data warehouse in which only a focused portion of the data warehouse information is kept

Database Administration

the function in an organization that is responsible fro the more technical and operational aspects of managing the information contained in organizational information repositories (databases, data warehouses, and data marts)

Data Administration

the function in an organization that plans for, oversees the development of, and monitors the information resource

Online Transaction Processing (OLTP)

the gathering of input information, processing that information, and updating existing information to reflect the gathered and processed information

Online Analytical Processing (OLAP)

the manipulation of information to support decision making

Recovery

the process of reinstalling the backup information in the event the information was lost

Data-Mining Tools

the software tools you use to query information in a data warehouse