Management Information Systems Ch 3
Database Management System (DBMS)
helps you specify the logical organization for a database and access and use the information within a database; contains 5 important software components: 1. DBMS engine 2. data definition subsystem 3. data manipulation subsystem 4. application generation subsystem 5. data administration subsystem
Backup
simply a copy of the information stored on a computer
Database
a collection of information that you organize and access according to the logical structure of that information
Structured Query Language (SQL)
standardized 4th generation query language found in most DBMSs
Relational Database
uses a series of logically related two-dimensional tables or files to store information in the form of a database
Primary Key
a field (or group of fields) that uniquely describes each record
DBMS Engine
accepts logical requests from the various other DBMS subsystems, converts them into their physical equivalent, and actually accesses the database and data dictionary as they exist on a storage device
Change Management Facilities
allow you to assess the impact of proposed structural changes to a database
Security Management Facilities
allow you to control who has access to what information and what type of access those people have *CRUD - Create, Read, Update, and Delete
View
allows you to see the contents of a database file, make whatever changes you want, perform simple sorting, and query to find the location of specific information
Competitive Intelligence (CI)
business intelligence focused on the external competitive environment
Business Intelligence (BI)
collective, information about your customers, your competitors, your business partners, your competitive environment, and your own internal operations - that gives you the ability to make effective, important, and often strategic business decisions
Application Generation Subsystem
contains facilities to help you develop transaction-incentive applications
Data Dictionary
contains the logical structure for the information in a database
Reorganization Facilities
continually maintain statistics concerning how the DBMS engine physically accesses information and reorganizes how information is physically stored
Operational Database
databases that support OLTP
Physical View
deals with how information is physically arranged, stored, and accessed on some type of storage device
Digital Dashboard
displays key information gathered from several sources on a computer screen in a format tailored to the needs and want of an individual knowledge worker
Concurrency Control Facilities
ensure the validity of database updates when multiple users attempt to access and change the same information
Logical View
focuses on how you as a knowledge worker need to arrange and access information to meet your particular business needs
Query-by-Example (DBE) Tools
help you graphically design the answer to a question
Report Generators
help you quickly define formats of reports and what information you want to see in a report
Data Manipulation Subsystem
helps you add, change, and delete information in a database and query it for valuable information
Data Definition Subsystem
helps you create and maintain the data dictionary and define the structure of the files in a database
Data Administration Subsystem
helps you manage the overall database environment by providing facilities fro backup and recovery, security management, query optimization, concurrency control, and change management
Data Warehouse
logical collection of information---gathered from many different operational databases---used to create business intelligence that supports business analysis activities and decision-making tasks
Relation
often describes each two-dimensional table or file in the relational model
Query Optimization Facilities
often take queries from users (in the form of SQL statements and QBEs) and restructure them to minimize response times
Foreign Key
primary key o one file that appears in another file
Backup and Recovery Facilities
provide a way for you to 1. periodically back up information 2. restart or recover a database and its information in case of a failure
Integrity Constraints
rules that help ensure the quality of the information
Query-and-Reporting Tools
similar to QBE tools, SQL, and report generators in the typical database environment; use these tools to generate simple queries and reports
Multidimensional Analysis (MDA) Tools
slice-and-dice techniques that allow you to view multidimensional information from different perspectives
Data Mart
subset of a data warehouse in which only a focused portion of the data warehouse information is kept
Database Administration
the function in an organization that is responsible fro the more technical and operational aspects of managing the information contained in organizational information repositories (databases, data warehouses, and data marts)
Data Administration
the function in an organization that plans for, oversees the development of, and monitors the information resource
Online Transaction Processing (OLTP)
the gathering of input information, processing that information, and updating existing information to reflect the gathered and processed information
Online Analytical Processing (OLAP)
the manipulation of information to support decision making
Recovery
the process of reinstalling the backup information in the event the information was lost
Data-Mining Tools
the software tools you use to query information in a data warehouse