Management Test 2
2) Work groups are characterized by ________. A) the emphasis on generating positive synergy B) the goal of sharing information among members C) the mutual and team-based accountability for results D) the need to attain collective performance E) the availability of complementary skill sets
B
According to the attribution theory of leadership, leadership is characterized by ________. A) the significant gains made in the mentoring relationship between the leader and follower B) the act of people ascribing qualities like intelligence or charisma to leaders C) the focus on the actual accomplishments and performance of the leader D) the impact of substitutes and neutralizers in enhancing the role of the leader E) the division of the group into ingroup and out-group members based on the leader's preference
B
Reactive and protective behaviors designed to avoid action, blame, or change are termed ________. A) repressive behaviors B) defensive behaviors C) submissive behaviors D) impression management behaviors E) proactive behaviors
B
Rhonda May was transferred to London three months back to oversee the opening of a new branch of the retail chain she worked for. Rhonda, who had never been to London, adjusted well with her British colleagues but received quizzical looks from many of her British colleagues every morning in the initial weeks in London. After asking one of her subordinates to explain what caused her colleagues to look at her in that strange way, she discovered the reason. When her British colleagues greeted her by saying, "How are you today?" every morning, she typically replied by saying "I'm good," while Britishers typically say, "I'm well" in response to this greeting. This is because "I'm good" can have multiple meanings like "I'm not a bad person" or "I'm suitable," while "I'm well" only gives a sense of mental and physical well-being. Rhonda then realized how subtly cultural barriers can operate. From the information provided in the scenario, this is an example of barriers caused by ________. A) tone differences B) semantics and connotations C) intolerance toward other cultures D) situational and physical cues E) power distance
B
The current popularity of teams can be attributed to the fact that ________. A) they enable quicker accomplishment of goals than individuals B) they represent a better way to use employee talents C) they reduce the need for coordination and supervision D) they aid in the performance of simple tasks that do not require diverse inputs E) they strengthen the worth of individual team players over the team
B
Trait theories of leadership focus on ________. A) the special relationship that leaders establish with a small group of their followers B) the personal qualities and characteristics that differentiate leaders from nonleaders C) the way the leader makes decisions D) the extent to which followers are willing and able to accomplish a specific task E) the match between the leader's style and the degree to which the situation gives the leader control
B
Virtual teams are characterized by ________ in comparison to teams which interact face-to-face. A) low popularity among companies B) low social rapport and direct interaction C) low sharing of unique information D) low need for supervision E) low need for publicizing throughout the organization
B
Which of the following is a self-focused impression management technique? A) flattery B) enhancement C) apologies D) excuses E) conformity
B
Which of the following represents the informal communication network in an organization? A) feedback loop B) grapevine C) chain network D) all-channel network E) wheel network
B
Which of the following statements is true with regard to communication? A) Communication cannot be used to motivate and control employees in an organization. B) Communication involves the transfer and understanding of meaning. C) Communication involves the mere imparting of meaning to another person or group. D) Perfect communication is not dependent on a channel and its richness. E) Perfect communication results in dissimilar mental models.
B
Which of the following statements is true? A) The impact of sexual harassment is individual, not organizational. B) A clear understanding of the actions that constitute sexual harassment does not exist. C) Today, the rise of overt forms of sexual harassment presents a major concern for organizations. D) Women in positions of power in an organization are free from sexual harassment by male subordinates. E) Curtailing sexual harassment requires higher-order intervention programs as managers cannot be expected to help in this regard.
B
________ power is based on the fear of the negative results from failing to comply. A) Legitimate B) Coercive C) Punitive D) Referent E) Abusive
B
________ teams are defined as groups of employees who perform highly related or interdependent jobs and take on many of the responsibilities of their former supervisors. A) Independent B) Self-managed work C) Cross-functional D) Problem-solving E) Traditional
B
Jean Wills, a trainer with Leverage Inc., is infuriated because the conference hall that she had booked for her morning session with a new batch of trainees will be occupied by the HR team for the day. Jean feels that the company only superficially commits to training and that it is not a priority as this lack of facilities for training is a recurring phenomenon. Recently, she had asked the HR department to supply printed copies of her material for the orientation and training modules to the new trainees, and HR refused, saying the soft copies available on the systems would suffice. Which of the following contextual areas is the source of problem between the training department and the HR department in this scenario? A) performance evaluation B) reward systems C) adequate resources D) leadership E) structure
C
The supervisors of the production division of one of the branches of Georgia Mills have been informed of some irregularities noticed in inventory of raw materials by some trusted subordinates. To get a clearer picture, the supervisors had a quick meeting with the subordinates who reported the matter over lunch. The subordinates recommended rotating the schedule of employees who account for the incoming and used up stock so as to pinpoint the defaulting employee. The supervisors agreed that this was a good strategy but admitted that the matter must be escalated to the production manager before such a change can be implemented. They followed up this meeting with subsequent sessions to evaluate how the change worked. The supervisors and subordinates form a(n) ________ team in this scenario. A) cross-functional B) independent C) problem-solving D) virtual E) self-managed
C
Tim Wrench was leading the client services division of AmWeb for seven years when he was asked to move to another region where the company was setting up its office. Before moving, Tim was asked to help in finding a successor for him from his team. Tim's most obvious choice was Judy Judge, and the management accepted his choice as Judy was a popular person across the company. Judy was known for her vivacious nature, was often seen speaking to employees from various divisions, and was always excited to take up a new opportunity. Once she became a leader, she continued to give employees freedom and flexibility even if it resulted in deficiencies on the work front like missed deadlines or low quality. Judy's initial weeks as a leader were full of confusion among her team members, but many felt that the situation would come under control. When things did not improve in the next two months and many complaints poured in from clients, the management realized that Judy was not the best candidate to lead the team. Which of the following, if true, would best explain this outcome? A) Judy was a high-performing employee and enjoyed good relationships with everyone on the team. B) Everyone felt Judy was given insufficient time to prove her worth as a leader. C) Research has shown that traits can predict the emergence of a leader, but not his or her efficiency as a leader. D) The client complaints were a common thing encountered by the company. E) Judy demonstrated low levels of consideration and high levels of task-orientation.
C
Which of the following is a subtle form of sexual harassment? A) requesting repeatedly for a date when the other person is clearly disinterested B) forcing someone to accept a sexual proposition C) making jokes with sexual overtones D) engaging in unwanted physical touching E) forcing someone to provide sexual favors in return for a promotion
C
Which of the following statements is true regarding power? A) A is said to have power over B if B controls something that A desires. B) The greater A's dependence on B, the greater A's power in the relationship. C) If A has the capacity to influence the behavior of B, then A is said to have power over B. D) A can have power over B only if A is B's leader. E) A can have power over B only when A and B have similar goals.
C
Which of the following teams is more likely to be made up of employees from about the same hierarchical level but different work areas? A) problem-solving B) self-managed work C) cross-functional D) traditional E) departmental
C
________ power represents the compliance that is achieved based on the ability to distribute positive benefits that others view as valuable. A) Legitimate B) Coercive C) Reward D) Personal E) Reflective
C
A team consists of employees from the same department who meet for a few hours each week to discuss ways of improving the work environment but they do not have the authority to unilaterally implement any of their suggestions. This is most likely to be a(n) ________ team. A) cross-functional B) virtual C) self-managed work D) problem-solving E) independent
D
Leadership is best defined as ________. A) the ability to merely project one's abilities in the lack of actual accomplishments B) the ability to reduce the dependence of team members on each other C) the ability to induce the team members to focus on individual goals rather than collective goals D) the ability to influence a group toward the achievement of a vision or set of goals E) the ability to use factors like training and experience to reduce dependence on formal leadership
D
Power is a function of ________. A) goal congruency B) realization C) inheritance D) dependence E) altruism
D
The informal communication network in an organization is ________. A) determined by organization B) based on clear and factual information C) rooted in issues of minimal importance to employees D) characterized by ambiguity E) controlled by the management
D
Which of the following is a desirable strategy for managers aiming to reduce the negative consequences of rumors? A) initiating disciplinary action against the employee who started the rumor B) refusing to comment on issues that appear to be controversial and unfair C) creating a more informal communication environment at the workplace D) encouraging employees to communicate their concerns and suggestions E) ignoring the rumor as rumors grow because of the attention given to them
D
Which of the following is a differentiating factor between power and leadership? A) control B) influence C) ability D) goal compatibility E) negative affect
D
Which of the following is an overt form of sexual harassment? A) being too friendly B) pinups posted in the workplace C) off-color jokes D) unwanted physical touching E) unwanted looks or comments
D
Which of the following is desirable when a crucial project is delegated to a virtual team? A) encouraging less interaction among members so they completely focus on the project B) avoiding publicity of the team's progress and success in the organization C) promoting a sense of independence over group spirit to encourage competition D) engaging in close monitoring of the work being done by the team throughout the project E) discouraging the sharing of unique information as it benefits some employees unfairly
D
Which of the following is true with regard to sexual harassment at the workplace? A) An aggressive tone is the most effective for women to make their complaints of sexual harassments known. B) Women in positions of power typically do not perpetrate sexual harassment of their male employees. C) The supervisor-employee dyad best characterizes an equal power relationship that can be used to prevent sexual harassment. D) The best approach to preventing accusations of sexual harassment is to refrain from any behavior that may be taken as harassing. E) Women in positions of power in an organization are typically not sexually harassed by males who occupy less powerful positions.
D
Which of the following types of power can be categorized as personal power? A) coercive B) legitimate C) reward D) referent E) positional
D
Which of the following types of teams allows for collaboration between team members who are physically dispersed? A) problem-solving teams B) self-managed work teams C) task teams D) virtual teams E) command teams
D
As a consequence of the information circulated by the grapevine in an organization, employees experience ________. A) increased clarity B) increased power C) increased member satisfaction D) increased certainty E) increased anxiety
E
Leaders who want to foster a climate that reinforces ethical behavior do all of the following except A) set high ethical standards. B) demonstrate good ethical behavior. C) encourage integrity among employees. D) reward employees demonstrating integrity. E) use their charisma to enhance power over followers, directed towards self-serving ends.
E
The team effectiveness model classifies the key components of effective teams into three general categories: context, composition, and process. Which of the following variables belongs to the composition category? A) adequate resources B) conflict level C) team efficacy D) performance evaluation system E) personality of team members
E
Trait theories most accurately predict ________. A) distinguishing features of an effective leader B) differences between an effective and an ineffective leader C) success of a leader D) roles to be played by the leader E) emergence of a leader
E
When you need to gauge the receptivity of a recipient, which type of communication is best? A) Twitter B) e-mail C) traditional letters D) social media E) oral communication
E
Which of the following is a desirable feature of leadership? A) one-directional influence from the leader to the follower B) coercive power and authority C) lack of freedom D) passivity of followers E) coexistence of leaders and managers
E
Which of the following statements is true regarding a cross-functional team? A) A cross-functional team is made up of employees from different hierarchical levels. B) A cross-functional team is made up of employees from the same department. C) Cross-functional teams have decreased in popularity in the last few decades. D) In the case of a cross-functional team, the early stages of development are typically very short. E) Cross-functional teams are used for developing new ideas and coordinating complex projects.
E
Which of the following statements regarding leadership is true? A) All managers are leaders. B) Formal rights ensure good leadership. C) Formal appointment is essential in creating leaders. D) All leaders are hierarchically superior to followers. E) Nonsanctioned leadership is as important as formal influence.
E
Cultural barriers arising from tone differences among different cultures are called word connotation barriers. (True or False)
False
In high-context cultures, directness is valued more than trust. (True or False)
False
Intellectual stimulation and individualized consideration are likely to be seen in the management by exception (active) style of leadership. (True or False)
False
The only key characteristic we use to determine the trustworthiness of a leader is his or her ability. (True or False)
False
The primary gains from mentoring are seen in greater compensation and higher job performance. (True or False)
False
Attempts to integrate ethical and charismatic leadership have led to the advancement of the idea of socialized charismatic leadership. (True/False)
True
Communication apprehension applies to oral and written communication. (True or False)
True
Mentoring provides unfiltered access to the attitudes of lower-ranking employees and can help anticipate potential organizational problems. (True or False)
True
Transformational leadership has a greater impact on the bottom line in smaller, privately held firms than in more complex organizations. (True or False)
True
