Management Test - Chapter 5

Who wrote that sympathy is the basis of a civilized society?

A. Adam Smith

Which of the following is described as a current ethical issue in the text?

A. CEO pay

Which of the following is the "lowest" level of the pyramid of global corporate social responsibility and performance?

A. Economic responsibility

___________ considers acceptable behavior as that which maximizes benefits for the individual.

A. Egoism

The goals of a transcendent education include which of the following?

A. Empathy B. Generativity C. Mutuality D. Intolerance of ineffective humanity E. All of the above are goals of a transcendent education

Which of the following is one of Kohlberg's stages of cognitive moral development?

A. Preconventional

Gloria's presentation most likely centered on the decision to take which of the following actions?

A. Production of goods and services that society wants at a price that perpetuates the business and satisfies its obligations to investors

Bruce is using which ethical system for his decision making?

A. Universalism

The ___________ responsibilities of business are to produce goods and services that society wants at a price that perpetuates the business and satisfies its obligations to investors.

A. economic

One who is both a moral person and a moral manager influencing others to behave ethically is referred to as a(n)

A. ethical leader

Level 1 business costs of ethical failures include

A. government fines and penalties.

Compliance-based ethics programs are typically designed by

A. lawyers

Han believes in fairness and kyosei and uses these principles to make decisions of right and wrong in his daily life. These principles are part of his

A. moral philosophy.

Jimmy Joe seems to prefer which type of ethics program for the company?

B. Compliance-based

Samantha conforms to the expectations of ethical behavior held by her family and friends. She appears to be at which stage of cognitive moral development according to Kohlberg?

B. Conventional

John is using which ethical system for his decision making?

B. Egoism

Option 1 employs which ethical approach?

B. Egoism

The work of __________ classifies people into categories based on their level of moral judgment.

B. Kohlberg

Who wrote "The social responsibility of business is to increase profits?"

B. Milton Friedman

__________ acknowledges the existence of different ethical viewpoints and uses norms as guidelines.

B. Relativism

Which of the following is a Level 2 cost of ethical failure?

B. Remedial education

__________ is a perspective that goes beyond the conventional rules of society by suggesting that what is moral must also come from what a mature person with good "moral character" would deem right.

B. Virtue ethics

An ethics program that is designed by lawyers to detect, prevent and punish legal violations is called a(n) _________ ethics program.

B. compliance-based

The __________ of an organization refers to the processes by which decisions are evaluated and made on the basis of right and wrong.

B. ethical climate

The assessment of how decisions are evaluated in the company refers to the organization's

B. ethical climate.

A situation, problem, or opportunity in which an individual must choose among several actions that must be evaluated as morally right or wrong is called a(n)

B. ethical issue

A system of rules that governs the ordering of values is referred to as

B. ethics.

To obey local, state, federal and relevant international laws defines ________ responsibility.

B. legal

Knowing what actions are morally defensible is referred to as

B. moral judgment.

Compliance-based ethics programs ensure

B. moral mediocrity.

Corporate social responsibility is the B. obligation toward society assumed by business.

B. obligation toward society assumed by business.

The __________ principle encourages employees to consider first if they would like to see their actions displayed on the front page of the newspaper. If yes, then it is likely an appropriate course of action.

B. sunshine

According to the text, most business leaders believe they

B. uphold ethical standards in business practices.

Telling others, inside or outside the organization, of wrongdoing is called

B. whistleblowing.

__________ has as its goal the creation of sustainable economic development and improvement of quality of life worldwide for all organizational stakeholders.

C. Ecocentric management

Eddie seems to prefer which type of program for the company?

C. Integrity-based

Tarissa typically makes a decision about what she will or won't do based on what her friends think she should do. Tarissa is using which ethical system for her decisions?

C. Relativism

____________ is a philosophy that bases ethical behavior on the opinions and behaviors of relevant other people.

C. Relativism

______________ is the ethical system stating that all people should uphold certain values that society needs, in order to function.

C. Universalism

Integrity-based ethics programs use

C. a set of guiding principles.

Ellen's presentation most likely focused on the __________ responsibility of the firm.

C. ethical

Principles, rules and values people use in deciding what is right and wrong are called

C. moral philosophy

Viewing success not merely as personal gain, but as a common victory is called

C. mutuality

People in the ____________ stage of Kohlberg's model take a broader perspective in which they see beyond authority, laws and norms and follow their self-chosen ethical principles.

C. principled

The attempt to provide an education that teaches students to leave a legacy that extends beyond the bottom line is called a(n) _______________ education.

C. transcendent

The process for ethical decision making begins with

C. understanding all moral standards and recognizing all moral impacts.

Honesty, caring, loyalty, fairness and integrity are all examples of

C. values.

John Rawls maintained that only a person ignorant of his own identity can make a truly ethical decision. This thought process is based on the

C. veil of ignorance.

Which of the following is the "highest" level of the pyramid of global corporate social responsibility and performance?

D. Philanthropic responsibility

At what level of moral judgment would Kohlberg describe James, if James makes all his decisions based on immediate self-interest and concrete rewards and punishments?

D. Preconventional

Carlos is using which ethical system for his decision making?

D. Relativism

Option 2 employs which ethical approach?

D. Relativism

Which ethical system would most support the premise that people should hold some values as always appropriate?

D. Universalism

The moral principles and standards that guide behavior in the world of business are called

D. business ethics.

Behaving ethically requires not just moral awareness and moral judgment, but also the _________ to take actions consistent with your ethical decisions.

D. courage

The Caux Principles are based on two ethical ideals:

D. kyosei and human dignity

People in the ____________ stage of Kohlberg's model make decisions based on concrete rewards and punishments and immediate self-interest.

D. preconventional

Recognizing all moral impacts of the decision alternatives includes considering which of the following?

E. All of the above are included as impacts of decision alternatives.

Some of the world's worst environmental problems are in

E. China.

Which of the following responsibilities of business include meeting other societal expectations, not written as law?

E. Ethical

Option 3 employs which ethical approach?

E. Virtue ethics

Speaking out against unethical actions is called

E. intolerance of ineffective humanity

Jeremiah's presentation most likely focused on the __________ responsibility of the firm.

E. philanthropic

An ethical issue is a situation, problem, or opportunity in which an individual is obligated by law to choose among several actions that must be evaluated as right or wrong.

FALSE

Egoism is a preferred ethical stance from a societal perspective, compared to utilitarianism.

FALSE

Egoism states that all people should uphold certain values, such as honesty, that society needs to function.

FALSE

It is easy to be a whistleblower since there are few consequences for it.

FALSE

Profit maximization and corporate social responsibility lead to opposing corporate policies.

FALSE

Sustainability is not compatible with the natural ecosystems that generate and preserve life.

FALSE

Sustainable growth refers to growth in profitability that sustains the wealth of shareholders.

FALSE

The Sarbanes-Oxley Act, passed in 2002, established strict marketing rules to improve and maintain investor confidence.

FALSE

Two basic ethical ideals underpin the Caux Principles: honesty and integrity.

FALSE

Utilitarianism defines acceptable behaviors as that which maximizes benefits for the individual.

FALSE

) Excessive emphasis on long-term revenues over shorter-term considerations is one of the factors that is conducive to unethical behavior.

TRUE

A "carbon footprint" refers to the output of carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases.

TRUE

A compliance-based ethics program creates a moral commitment to ethical conduct.

TRUE

A process for ethical decision making begins with understanding all moral standards.

TRUE

A transcendent education involves balancing self-interest with responsibility to others.

TRUE

According to public opinion polls, only 31 percent of employees said they trust their own CEO.

TRUE

An ethical leader is one who is both a moral person and a moral manager influencing others to behave ethically.

TRUE

An integrity-based ethics program instills in people a personal responsibility for ethical behavior.

TRUE

Astroturfing is a deceptive practice.

TRUE

Business ethics comprises the moral principles and standards that guide behavior in the world of business.

TRUE

Ethics is the system of rules that governs the ordering of values.

TRUE

GE management sees environmentally friendly technologies as one of the global economy's most significant business opportunities.

TRUE

Global corporate social responsibility and performance includes doing what is desired by global stakeholders and being a good global corporate citizen.

TRUE

In general the accumulated evidence indicates that social responsibility is associated with better financial performance.

TRUE

Issues such as urban sprawl, CEO pay, and underpaid workers make it clear that business needs to improve its efforts to be ethical.

TRUE

Life-cycle analysis (LCA) quantifies the total use of resources and the releases into the air, water and land.

TRUE

Moral awareness means realizing an issue has ethical implications.

TRUE

Moral philosophy refers to the principles, rules, and values people use in deciding what is right or wrong.

TRUE

Most people have unconscious biases that favor themselves and their group.

TRUE

People in the conventional stage of Kohlberg's model of cognitive moral development conform to the expectations of ethical behavior held by groups or institutions such as society, family or peers.

TRUE

Relativism defines ethical behavior based on the opinions and behavior of other people.

TRUE

The economic responsibility of a business includes satisfying its obligations to investors.

TRUE

The ethical climate of an organization refers to the processes by which decisions are evaluated and made on the basis of right and wrong.

TRUE

The goal of ecocentric management is the creation of sustainable economic development and improvement of quality of life worldwide for all organizational stakeholders.

TRUE

The social responsibility of business is to increase profits," is a well known quote from Milton Friedman, a Nobel Prize-winning economist.

TRUE

Virtue ethics goes beyond the conventional rules of society.

TRUE