Mang 201 Final Review

__________ is (are) a fundamental source of environmental risk. -Reckless accounting practices -Ecologically unsustainable consumption of natural resources -Lack of education among large -Economic disparity among members of society -rapidly increasing prices

Ecologically unsustainable consumption of natural

At the end of each month, Joanna buys lunch for subordinates who have a perfect attendance and punctuality record. In just three months, overall punctuality and attendance have improved by 20 percent. This illustrates Joanna's __________ power. -reward -expert -legitimate -referent -coercive

reward

Employees in a manufacturing company are resisting the management's decision to introduce changes in the production process. They fear that they will lose their prominence and eventually their jobs if the management decides to alter the production process by installing new machineries. Their resistance can be attributed to -timing -self-interest -surprise -performance gaps -peer pressure

self-interest

In the context of companies trying different strategic postures to compete in an uncertain future, __________ are those who try to change the structure of their industries, creating a future competitive landscape of their own design. -gatekeepers -analyzers -defenders -adapters -shapers

shapers

During the first stage of the Hawthorne Studies, known as the __________, various working conditions, particularly the lighting in the factory, were altered to determine the effects of those changes on productivity. -Illumination experiments -Johari Window -Forming-storming Model -Blake & Mouton Managerial Grid -Self-leadership Studies

Illumination experiments

What is the difference between integrity-based ethics programs and compliance-based ethics programs? a. Integrity-based programs do not require participants to follow government rules and regulations, whereas, compliance-based programs require this participation. b. Compliance-based programs are only for company executives, whereas, integrity-based are for frontline managers and their staffs. c. Integrity-based programs are focused only on avoiding illegal behavior, whereas, compliance-based programs are meant to maintain a legal standing with the government. d. Integrity-based programs instill in people a personal responsibility for ethical behavior, whereas, compliance-based programs help prevent, detect, and punish legal violations. e. Compliance-based programs are for lower-level employees only, whereas, integrity-based programs are for officers of the company.

Integrity-based programs instill in people a personal responsibility for ethical behavior, whereas, compliance-based programs help prevent, detect, and punish legal violations.

What is the role of courage in carrying out moral judgments that may lead to conflict? -It is necessary to take actions consistent with your ethical decisions. -It is required to avoid and stay away from conflicts. -It provides a rationalization to do what is profitable. -It is often used to enhance an individual's personal image in an organization. -It provides a legal justification for ethical actions.

It is necessary to take actions consistent with your ethical decisions

What factor helps organizations achieve sustained, superior performance? -a culture that empowers people to innovate -a strategy focused on competitors -a structure that limits exchange of information -an environment in which employees are micromanaged -an environment that supports groupthink

a culture that empowers people to innovate

Organization development (OD) involves -a brief or narrow improvement in technology or operations. -technology use within an organization. -decreasing human participation in organizational processes. -a specific focus on the economic, financial, or technical aspects of an organization. -an actual process of changing for the better and for the long term.

an actual process of changing for the better and for the long term

When making ethical decisions, it is important to start with moral __________, which means one realizes that the issue has ethical implications. -knowledge -responsibility -judgment -awareness -right

awareness

A(n) __________ involves Social Security verification, a criminal records check, and past employment and education verification. -integrity test -interview -background check -personality test -reference check

background check

A characteristic of transactional leadership is -charisma -intellectual perception -the ability to pay detailed attention -being dispassionate -ability to passionately communicate a vision

being dispassionate

A first-mover advantage of technology leadership is the -acquisition of new infrastructure. -chance to capture higher profits. -environment of demand uncertainty. -competitive excitement of greater risk. -cost of technology development.

chance to capture higher profits

"I would follow Kate off of a cliff! She is an outstanding leader," exclaimed Kyle. "She is dominant, self-confident, convinced of the moral righteousness of her beliefs and able to arouse a sense of excitement and adventure in all of us who report to her." By Kyle's description, Kate is a(n) __________ leader. -authentic -servant -charismatic -bridge -pseudo transformational

charismatic

An essential component of great leadership is the ability to -focus on the organization's day-to-day concerns. -tell people exactly what to do. -incorporate personal needs into organizational goals. -communicate a clear vision for the future. -gain unwavering followers.

communicate a clear vision for the future

Managers who oversee employee behavior and performance based strictly on the expectations stipulated by the companies they work for display which stage of cognitive moral development, according to Kohlberg's model? -unconventional -preconventional -conventional -principled -virtuous

conventional

__________ are used by two or more organizations working together to influence the external environment. -Cooperative strategies -Group dynamics -Voluntary actions -Competitive pacifications -Flexible processes

cooperative strategies

Technology companies must stay on top of consumer demands for the latest features in their products. This introduces environmental uncertainty due to -dynamism -complexity -competitive intelligence -threat of entry -drive

dynamism

When a business produces a good that society wants, such as automotive tires, at a price that still allows the business to maintain a profit, it displays its -ethical responsibility. -competitive responsibility. -philanthropic responsibility. -economic responsibility. -legal responsibility.

economic responsibility

Even though the department she manages is sometimes over budget and takes longer to reach its goals than other departments, when Eileen does grow her branch as the president wants, she is described as -accomplished. -efficient. -competitive. -effective. -experienced.

effective

In human resource management, human capital refers to the value of -top leadership -staff interaction and communication -strategic resource management -employee skills, knowledge, and abilities -innovative organizational culture

employee skills, knowledge, and abilities

An advantage of using word-of-mouth recommendations to fill job positions is that -employees are inspired to remain with the organization. -the morale of employees is boosted. -employers know the candidate well. -the candidate knows the organization well. -employees tend to know who will be a good fit.

employees tend to know who will be a good fit

A company which expects its managers to first consider standards of right and wrong for all stakeholders when making business decisions is most concerned with its -profitability. -legal responsibilities. -strategic objectives. -compliance-based ethics program. -ethical climate.

ethical climate

Marta, a department head, has several years of experience in engineering technologies and holds many professional licenses. New engineers throughout the firm frequently look to her for instruction or advice. Marta can be considered to have __________ power. -legitimate -referent -reward -coercive -expert

expert

The Chief Ethics Officer said to her ethics committee members, "When we revise our ethics code, we must follow several principles to make the code effective. One of these principles is to -focus on punitive action for any wrongdoing or noncompliance." -make the code as lengthy as possible so that it covers all possible behaviors and situations." -set the tone from the bottom of the organization, requiring only nonmanagement workers live up to the code." -involve employees who have no relationship with the code in writing it in order to maintain objectivity." -focus on real-life situations to which employees can relate."

focus on real-life situations to which employees can relate

Transformational leaders have the ability to -give precedence to self-interest. -get followers to put aside their own concerns. -ignore followers' real needs. -view management as a series of transactions. -avoid and ignore failure.

get followers to put aside their own concerns

In exhibiting __________ behaviors, leaders take action to ensure the satisfaction of group members, develop and maintain harmonious work relationships, and preserve the group's social stability. -task performance -servant-leader -autocratic -group maintenance -laissez-faire

group maintenance

"I am seeking employment with a prospector firm," said Georgina. "These are technology-push innovators that -prefer operate in stable environments." -have executives who fear that taking action will bring about failure." -have cultures that are outward-looking and opportunistic." -have managers who seek technology positions in new arenas." -focus on their current strengths in marketing and manufacturing."

have cultures that are outward-looking and opportunistic

In addition to creation of sustainable economic development, the goal of ecocentric management includes -reduced emissions in all manufacturing facilities worldwide. -increased marketing opportunities. -improvement of quality of life worldwide for all stakeholders. -development of environmental advertising and awareness campaigns. -use of recycled materials only when it improves profit.

improvement of quality of life worldwide for all stakeholders

In the context of leadership, power is defined as the ability to __________ other people. -coerce -control -change -manipulate -influence

influence

An ethics code is likely to be ineffective when it -involves those who must live with the code in writing it. -focuses on real-life situations that employees can relate to. -is long and complex, addressing all levels of behavior. -includes values and beliefs that are shared and important to the organization. -sets the tone at the top and expects even executives to live up to it.

is long and complex, addressing all levels of behavior

__________ leadership is about collaboration and joint problem solving. -Bridge -Pseudo transformational -Lateral -Autocratic -Authentic

lateral

Stimulating people to be high performers by motivating them and communicating with them is the role of which function of management? -planning -leading -organizing -controlling -evaluating

leading

Ethics are the __________ that guide the behavior of an individual or group. -legal norms -written rules -moral principles -mandates -cultural conventions

moral principles

When compared to defender and analyzer firms, early adopters of new technologies tend to be -less proactive. -less profitable. -less opportunistic. -more risk averse. -more specialized.

more specialized

According to Kouzes and Posner, one action practiced by the best leaders is -refraining from challenging conventional beliefs and practices. -motivating people to care about an important mission. - telling people what to do in every situation. -showing little appreciation so that people do not become lazy. -withholding information and full power from people to prevent misuse.

motivating people to care about an important mission

An important difference between management and leadership is that leadership involves -overseeing daily activities. -monitoring results. -supervising others. -developing budgets. -orchestrating change.

orchestrating change

The company's chief financial officer advised the business unit managers, "Ensure that your quarterly revenue reports are accurate because, to be compliant with the Sarbanes-Oxley (SOX) Act, each of you, as a senior manager, will be required to -promote violators of the SOX standards to management positions for training purposes." -strictly adhere to a policy of sustainable development." -personally sign off on financial results." -highlight any attempts to gain competitive advantage." -adhere loosely to accounting rules to maximize flexibility."

personally sign off on financial results

__________ is change in the way outputs are produced. -Job enrichment -Line extension -Product innovation -Product differentiation -Process innovation

process innovation

A manager who functions as a product champion -develops a new technology or new uses for an existing technology. -is responsible for installing and operating the technology. -promotes new ideas or an innovation within the organization. -is responsible for testing the quality of a firm's products. -markets and sells products to the final customers.

promotes new ideas or an innovation within the organization

Carlotta is new to the police force. She notices that Officer Bradley, who oversees her unit, usually lets the other officers decide how to handle routine conflicts they encounter. But during a recent protest event, Officer Bradley gathered the unit and laid out strict protocols regarding conflict de-escalation, communication, and patrolling. This approach to leadership demonstrates the -Vroom model -situational approach -servant-leader model -trait approach -contingency model

situational approach

In the context of the contemporary approaches to management, the __________ suggests that organizations are effective when their employees have the right tools, training, and knowledge to make products and services that are valued by customers. -sociotechnical systems theory -quantitative management approach -organizational behavior theory -contingency perspective -administrative management approach

sociotechnical systems theory

__________ leadership is behavior that provides guidance, support, and corrective feedback for day-to-day activities. -Authentic -Autocratic -Supervisory -Laissez-faire -Strategic

supervisory

Effective followers are capable of __________, yet at the same time are actively committed to organizational goals. -taking shortcuts -thinking independently -obeying orders in all situations -ignoring instructions -placing their own goals first

thinking independently

What is the purpose of applications and résumés? -to serve as a basis for final selection decisions -to describe behavioral responses to workplace situations -to assess the level of organizational fit -to provide basic information to help prospective employers choose candidates -to determine the type of working conditions that the candidate prefers

to provide basic information to help prospective employers choose candidates

Corporate social responsibility (CSR) is the obligation -toward society assumed by business. -to produce goods and services that satisfy a company's obligations to investors. -of salespeople to serve customers to the best of their abilities. -of businesses to meet all industrial norms to gain certification. -of consumers to obey local, state, federal, and relevant international laws.

toward society assumed by business

"What is the point of leadership training?" asked Joel. "After all, leaders are born, not made." Jensen countered, "I reject that assertion. In fact, we can all improve our leadership skills. Your assertion is based upon the __________, and that is the oldest leadership perspective." -situational approach -behavioral approach -contingency model -Vroom model -trait approach

trait approach

Rohan believes that for society to function smoothly, everyone must live a life reflecting truthfulness, fairness, respect, and compassion. Rohan is a proponent of -relativism. -universalism. -egoism. -utilitarianism. -virtue ethics.

universalism

Caring, being honest, showing loyalty, being fair, and acting with integrity are all examples of -rules. -strategies. -values. -conventions. -norms.

values

A logical extension of the sociotechnical philosophy of work design is -individual work. -micromanagement. -workforce empowerment. -a tall organizational structure. -organizational bureaucracy.

workforce empowerment