Maslow and ABC

19. A nurse is using Maslow's hierarchy of needs to prioritize care. Place the levels in order of basic priority to highest priority that the nurse will follow. 1. Physiological 2. Self-esteem 3. Self-actualization 4. Safety and security 5. Love and belonging a. 4, 1, 2, 3, 5 b. 1, 4, 5, 3, 2 c. 4, 5, 3, 2, 1 d. 1, 4, 5, 2, 3

ANS: D Maslow's hierarchy is as follows: physiological, safety and security, love and belonging, selfesteem, and self-actualization

The nurse receives a telephone call from the post-anesthesia care unit stating that a client is being transferred to the surgical unit. The nurse plans to take which action on arrival of the client? a. assess the potency of the airway b. check tubes or drains for patency c. check the dressing to assess for bleeding d. assess the vital signs to compare with preoperative measurement

a rationale: ABC's (airway, breathing, circulation)

2. A nurse wants to incorporate psychosocial theories into nursing practice. Which elements will the nurse include? (Select all that apply.) a. Physiological needs of the patient b. Psychological needs of the patient c. Sociocultural needs of the patient d. Cognitive needs of the patient e. Spiritual needs of the patient

ANS: A, B, C, E When nursing incorporates psychosocial theories into nursing practice, the nurse strives to meet the physiological, psychological, sociocultural, developmental, and spiritual needs of patients. Cognitive needs of the patient are included in educational theories

The nurse is prioritizing nursing care for a patient in a long-term care facility. Which examples of nursing interventions help meet physiologic needs? Select all that apply. A Preventing falls in the facility B Changing a patient's oxygen tank C Providing materials for a patient who likes to draw D Helping a patient eat his dinner E Facilitating a visit from a spouseF Referring a patient to a cancer support group.

b, d. Physiologic needs—oxygen, water, food, elimination, temperature, sexuality, physical activity, and rest—must be met at least minimally to maintain life. Providing food and oxygen are examples of interventions to meet these needs. Preventing falls helps meet safety and security needs, providing art supplies may help meet self-actualization needs, facilitating visits from loved ones helps meet self-esteem needs, and referring a patient to a support group helps meet love and belonging needs.

A nurse is providing care based on Maslow's hierarchy of basic human needs. For which nursing activities is this approach useful? A Making accurate nursing diagnoses B Establishing priorities of care C Communicating concerns more concisely D Integrating science into nursing care

b. Maslow's hierarchy of basic human needs is useful for establishing priorities of care.

10. Upon assessment, the nurse notices that the patient's respirations have increased, and the tip of the nose and earlobes are becoming cyanotic. The nurse finds that the patient's pulse rate is over 100 beats per minute. According to Maslow's hierarchy of needs, which patient need should the nurse address first? a. Self-esteem b. Physiological c. Self-actualization d. Love and belonging

ANS: B Maslow's hierarchy is useful in setting patient priorities. Basic physiological and safety needs are usually the first priority. After the physiological and safety needs are met, the nurse can move to love and belonging, self-esteem, and self-actualization.

8. A patient is admitted with possible methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and is placed in isolation until cultures can be obtained and declared noninfectious. During the isolation process, the nurse encourages family visits. Which level of Maslow's hierarchy of needs is the nurse promoting when the family is encouraged to visit? a. First level b. Second level c. Third level d. Fourth level

ANS: C The third level contains love and belonging needs, including family and friends. The first level includes physiological needs. The second level includes safety and security needs. The fourth level encompasses esteem and self-esteem needs. The fifth and final level is the need for selfactualization.

The nurse caring for patients postoperatively uses careful hand hygiene and sterile techniques when handling patients. Which of Maslow's basic human needs is being met by this nurse? A Physiologic B Safety and security C Self-esteem D Love and belonging

b. By carrying out careful hand hygiene and using sterile technique, nurses provide safety from infection. An example of a physiologic need is clearing a patient's airway. Self-esteem needs may be met by allowing an older adult to talk about a past career. An example of helping meet a love and belonging need is contacting a hospitalized patient's family to arrange a visit.

The nurse caring for patients in a long-term care facility knows that the highest level on Maslow's hierarchy of needs is self-actualization needs. Which statements accurately describe the achievement of self-actualization? Select all that apply. A Humans are born with a fully developed sense of self-actualization. B Self-actualization needs are met by depending on others for help. C The self-actualization process continues throughout life. D Loneliness and isolation occur when self-actualization needs are unmet. E A person achieves self-actualization by focusing on problems outside self.F Self-actualization needs may be met by creatively solving problems.

c, e, f. Self-actualization, or reaching one's full potential, is a process that continues throughout life. A person achieves self-actualization by focusing on problems outside oneself and using creativity as a guideline for solving problems and pursuing interests. Humans are not born with a fully developed sense of self-actualization, and self-actualization needs are not met specifically by depending on others for help. Loneliness and isolation are not always the result of unmet self-actualization needs.