Mastering A&P Chapter 8

What is another name for a joint?

articulation

With age, what happens to bone mass?

bone mass decreases because bone is weaker, and the risks of fractures increase

All of the following are true of bursae, EXCEPT:

bursae are always connected to the joint cavity

Which type of joint is specialized for movement and permits a wide range of motion?

diarthrosis

Which of the following types of joint movements is NOT classified as an angular motion?

dorsiflexion

Which type of movement is characteristic of the articulation between the tibia and fibula with the talus?

dorsiflexion/plantar flexion

In which type of synovial joint does an oval articular face nestle within a depression on the opposing surface?

ellipsoid joint

Which of the following angular motions is used to describe the movement in the anterior-posterior plane that reduces the angle between articulating elements?

flexion

Between the sacrum and hipbones is a sacro-iliac joint with a planar diarthrosis articulation. What type of movement would someone observe?

gliding movement

Which item below best defines hinge joints?

hinge joints permit angular movement in a single plane. A hinge joint is an example of a monaxial joint.

The skeletal and muscular systems are structurally and functionally interdependent; their interactions are so extensive that they are often considered to be part of a single system called the __________.

musculoskeletal system

All of the following movements of the vertebral column are possible, EXCEPT:

opposition

What is the special movement of the thumb that produces pad-to-pad contact of the thumb with the palm or any other finger?

opposition

Which of the following ligaments of the knee joint is a continuation of the quadriceps tendon, and attaches to the anterior surface of the tibia?

patellar ligament

Which of the following synovial joint types allow(s) rotational movements?

pivot joint and ball-and-socket joint

Ashton loves to stand on his tiptoes. What type of special movement best describes the elevation of the heel and proximal portion of the foot when a person stands on tiptoes?

plantar flexion

Which of the following is a general term that indicates pain and stiffness affecting the skeletal system, the muscular system, or both?

rheumatism

Which joint permits the greatest range of motion of any joint in the body?

shoulder joint

The only skeletal articulation between the upper limb and the axial skeleton is the:

sternoclavicular joint

What is the name of the ligament that extends from the styloid process to the posterior margin of the angle of the mandibular ramus?

stylomandibular ligament

Which of the following bursae lie(s) between large muscles and the capsular wall of the shoulder joint?

subdeltoid bursa and subscapular bursa

Which of the following types of joints is NOT classified as a synarthrosis?

symphysis

Which type of amphiarthrosis is fibrous and lies between the tibia and fibula?

syndesmosis

Which of the following accessory structures are typically NOT part of the articulation itself, but in some joints are an integral part of the joint capsule and provide significant strength to the capsule?

tendons

Which of the following does NOT describe a special or unusual type of movement?

turning the arm inward

What type of joint is between the thoracic vertebrae and the ribs, with an articulation of a planar diarthrosis and movements of elevation/depression?

vertebrocostal joint

Which of the following statements regarding circumduction of a pencil model is/are FALSE?

with the tip at the same point, the angle of the shaft remains unchanged as the shaft spins around its longitudinal axis

Which of the following is NOT a factor that helps to limit mobility and thus reduce the chance of injury in a joint?

All the listed responses are factors that help limit mobility and thus reduce the chance of joint injury

Which of the following statements regarding the coracohumeral ligament of the shoulder joint is/are true?

It strengthens the superior part of the articular capsule and helps support the weight of the upper limb; it also originates at the base of the coracoid process and inserts on the humeral head

What is/are the function(s) of synovial fluid?

Act as a shock absorber, provide lubrication, and nourish the chondrocytes

The function and range of motion of each joint depend on its __________.

anatomical design

Which type of movement changes the angle between the bone shaft and the articular surface?

angular motion

Which ligament of the knee joint is responsible for locking the knee in the extended position?

anterior cruciate ligament

Which of the following involves damage to the articular cartilages and encompasses all the rheumatic diseases that affect synovial joints?

arthritis

Regarding joints of the foot, which of the following groups of synovial joints is/are considered plane joints that permit limited sliding and twisting movements?

intertarsal joints

Which of the following statements regarding the knee joint is FALSE?

it has a large range of motion, but it does not have the largest range of motion of any joint in the lower limb

Which of the following statements about the temporomandibular joint is FALSE?

it permits flexion movements

Which of the following are pads of fibrous cartilage that may subdivide a synovial cavity, channel the flow of synovial fluid, allow for variations in the shapes of the articular surfaces, or restrict movements at the joint?

menisci

Which type of joint found in the foot is a condylar joint that permits flexion/extension and adduction/abduction?

metatarsophalangeal joint

Which of the following is a characteristic unique to a suture joint when compared to a gomphosis or a synostosis?

the connective tissue that binds this joint is the unossified remnants of the embryonic meschymal membrane in which the bones developed.

All of the following statements are true of intervertebral disc problems, EXCEPT:

the most common sites for disc problems are between the thoracic vertebrae

All of the following are true of the hip joint, EXCEPT:

the most important normal movement of the hip is rotation

Which of the following does NOT describe a rotational movement?

the palm is moved posteriorly toward the wrist

Which of the following statements about intercarpal joints is FALSE?

they are condylar joint