Math unit 1

Set

A collection or group of objects

Natural number

A number belonging to the set made up of the counting numbers: 1, 2, 3, and so on

Integer

A number belonging to the set made up of the whole numbers and their opposites

Whole number

A number belonging to the set made up of zero and the natural numbers

Rational number

A number that can be written as a ratio in fraction form

Real number

A number that can be written as an infinite decimal

Positive number

A number that is greater than zero

Negative numbers

A number that is less than zero

Irrational number

A number that, when in decimal form, does not terminate or repeat

Addend

A number to be added

Factor

A number to be multiplied

Zero pair

A pair of numbers whose sum is zero

Infinite

Increasing or decreasing without end

Venn diagram

A diagram that shows the relationships between sets

Point

A dot that marks a location on a graph

Number line

A line that graphically represents all numbers

Associative property

A property of the real numbers that states that how numbers are grouped in a sum or product does not change the value

Commutative property

A property of the real numbers that states that the order in which numbers are added or multiplied does not change the value

Subset

A set whose elements belong to a given set

Order of operations

A system for simplifying expressions that ensures that there is only one right answer

Element

An object that belongs to the set; also called a member

Inverse operations

Opposite operations that undo one another

Inequality

Statement showing a relationship between numbers that are not necessarily equal; uses the symbols <, >, etc.

Absolute value

The distance from zero on the number line

Additive identity

The number 0; when added to any number, the value of a number does not change

Multiplicative property

The number 1; when multiplied by any number, the value of the number does not change

Dividend

The number being divided

Divisor

The number of parts that the dividend is being divided into

Undefined

The quotient of any number and zero

Sum

The result of adding two or more numbers together

Quotient

The result of dividing two numbers

Product

The result of multiplying two or more numbers

Difference

The result of subtracting two numbers

Opposite number

Two numbers that are the same distance from zero on the number line but in opposite directions